Short flowers for long tongues: Functional specialization in a nocturnal pollination network of an asclepiad in long-tongued hawkmoths
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2022 |
Outros Autores: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/btp.13090 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/223742 |
Resumo: | Since Darwin, very long and narrow floral tubes have been known to represent the main floral morphological feature for specialized long-tongued hawkmoth pollination. However, specialization may be driven by other contrivances instead of floral tube morphology. Asclepiads are plants with a complex floral morphology where primary hawkmoth pollination had never been described. We detailed here the intricate pollination mechanism of the South American asclepiad Schubertia grandiflora, where functional specialization on long-tongued hawkmoth pollinators occurs despite the short floral tube of this species. We studied two plant populations in the Brazilian Cerrado and recorded floral visitors using different approaches, such as light-trapped hawkmoths for pollen analysis, direct field observations, and IR motion-activated cameras. Finally, using a community-level approach we applied an ecological network analysis to identify the realized pollinator niche of S. grandiflora among the available niches in the pollinator community. Throughout a period of 17 years, long-tongued hawkmoths were consistently recorded as the main floral visitors and the only effective pollinators of S. grandiflora. Flowers rely on highly modified corona and gynostegium, and enlarged nectar chambers, to drive visitors and pollination mechanism. Despite its relative short-tube, network analysis placed S. grandiflora in the module including exclusively long-tongued hawkmoth pollinators and the most phenotypically specialized sphingophilous plants in the community. These results represent the first example of functional specialization in long-tongued hawkmoths in an asclepiad species. However, this specialization is uncoupled from the long floral tubes historically associated with the sphingophily syndrome. Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material. |
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Short flowers for long tongues: Functional specialization in a nocturnal pollination network of an asclepiad in long-tongued hawkmothsApocynaceaeAsclepiadoideaeCerradoecological networksfloral specializationhawkmoth pollinationnectarpollinator nicheSince Darwin, very long and narrow floral tubes have been known to represent the main floral morphological feature for specialized long-tongued hawkmoth pollination. However, specialization may be driven by other contrivances instead of floral tube morphology. Asclepiads are plants with a complex floral morphology where primary hawkmoth pollination had never been described. We detailed here the intricate pollination mechanism of the South American asclepiad Schubertia grandiflora, where functional specialization on long-tongued hawkmoth pollinators occurs despite the short floral tube of this species. We studied two plant populations in the Brazilian Cerrado and recorded floral visitors using different approaches, such as light-trapped hawkmoths for pollen analysis, direct field observations, and IR motion-activated cameras. Finally, using a community-level approach we applied an ecological network analysis to identify the realized pollinator niche of S. grandiflora among the available niches in the pollinator community. Throughout a period of 17 years, long-tongued hawkmoths were consistently recorded as the main floral visitors and the only effective pollinators of S. grandiflora. Flowers rely on highly modified corona and gynostegium, and enlarged nectar chambers, to drive visitors and pollination mechanism. Despite its relative short-tube, network analysis placed S. grandiflora in the module including exclusively long-tongued hawkmoth pollinators and the most phenotypically specialized sphingophilous plants in the community. These results represent the first example of functional specialization in long-tongued hawkmoths in an asclepiad species. However, this specialization is uncoupled from the long floral tubes historically associated with the sphingophily syndrome. Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material.Laboratório de Ecologia da Polinização e Interações (LEPI) Programa de Pós-graduação em Botânica Programa de Pós-graduação em Zoologia Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista, SPLaboratorio de Ecología Evolutiva y Biología Floral Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV) CONICET and Universidad Nacional de CórdobaFaculty of Arts Science and Technology University of NorthamptonInstituto de Biologia Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, MGLaboratório de Ecologia da Polinização e Interações (LEPI) Programa de Pós-graduação em Botânica Programa de Pós-graduação em Zoologia Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista, SPUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)CONICET and Universidad Nacional de CórdobaUniversity of NorthamptonUniversidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU)Amorim, Felipe W. [UNESP]Marino, SalvadorSanz-Veiga, Priscila Andre [UNESP]Ollerton, JeffOliveira, Paulo Eugênio2022-04-28T19:52:50Z2022-04-28T19:52:50Z2022-01-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/btp.13090Biotropica.1744-74290006-3606http://hdl.handle.net/11449/22374210.1111/btp.130902-s2.0-85127371984Scopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengBiotropicainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2022-04-28T19:52:50Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/223742Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T20:00:19.485163Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Short flowers for long tongues: Functional specialization in a nocturnal pollination network of an asclepiad in long-tongued hawkmoths |
title |
Short flowers for long tongues: Functional specialization in a nocturnal pollination network of an asclepiad in long-tongued hawkmoths |
spellingShingle |
Short flowers for long tongues: Functional specialization in a nocturnal pollination network of an asclepiad in long-tongued hawkmoths Amorim, Felipe W. [UNESP] Apocynaceae Asclepiadoideae Cerrado ecological networks floral specialization hawkmoth pollination nectar pollinator niche |
title_short |
Short flowers for long tongues: Functional specialization in a nocturnal pollination network of an asclepiad in long-tongued hawkmoths |
title_full |
Short flowers for long tongues: Functional specialization in a nocturnal pollination network of an asclepiad in long-tongued hawkmoths |
title_fullStr |
Short flowers for long tongues: Functional specialization in a nocturnal pollination network of an asclepiad in long-tongued hawkmoths |
title_full_unstemmed |
Short flowers for long tongues: Functional specialization in a nocturnal pollination network of an asclepiad in long-tongued hawkmoths |
title_sort |
Short flowers for long tongues: Functional specialization in a nocturnal pollination network of an asclepiad in long-tongued hawkmoths |
author |
Amorim, Felipe W. [UNESP] |
author_facet |
Amorim, Felipe W. [UNESP] Marino, Salvador Sanz-Veiga, Priscila Andre [UNESP] Ollerton, Jeff Oliveira, Paulo Eugênio |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Marino, Salvador Sanz-Veiga, Priscila Andre [UNESP] Ollerton, Jeff Oliveira, Paulo Eugênio |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) CONICET and Universidad Nacional de Córdoba University of Northampton Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU) |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Amorim, Felipe W. [UNESP] Marino, Salvador Sanz-Veiga, Priscila Andre [UNESP] Ollerton, Jeff Oliveira, Paulo Eugênio |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Apocynaceae Asclepiadoideae Cerrado ecological networks floral specialization hawkmoth pollination nectar pollinator niche |
topic |
Apocynaceae Asclepiadoideae Cerrado ecological networks floral specialization hawkmoth pollination nectar pollinator niche |
description |
Since Darwin, very long and narrow floral tubes have been known to represent the main floral morphological feature for specialized long-tongued hawkmoth pollination. However, specialization may be driven by other contrivances instead of floral tube morphology. Asclepiads are plants with a complex floral morphology where primary hawkmoth pollination had never been described. We detailed here the intricate pollination mechanism of the South American asclepiad Schubertia grandiflora, where functional specialization on long-tongued hawkmoth pollinators occurs despite the short floral tube of this species. We studied two plant populations in the Brazilian Cerrado and recorded floral visitors using different approaches, such as light-trapped hawkmoths for pollen analysis, direct field observations, and IR motion-activated cameras. Finally, using a community-level approach we applied an ecological network analysis to identify the realized pollinator niche of S. grandiflora among the available niches in the pollinator community. Throughout a period of 17 years, long-tongued hawkmoths were consistently recorded as the main floral visitors and the only effective pollinators of S. grandiflora. Flowers rely on highly modified corona and gynostegium, and enlarged nectar chambers, to drive visitors and pollination mechanism. Despite its relative short-tube, network analysis placed S. grandiflora in the module including exclusively long-tongued hawkmoth pollinators and the most phenotypically specialized sphingophilous plants in the community. These results represent the first example of functional specialization in long-tongued hawkmoths in an asclepiad species. However, this specialization is uncoupled from the long floral tubes historically associated with the sphingophily syndrome. Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-04-28T19:52:50Z 2022-04-28T19:52:50Z 2022-01-01 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/btp.13090 Biotropica. 1744-7429 0006-3606 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/223742 10.1111/btp.13090 2-s2.0-85127371984 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/btp.13090 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/223742 |
identifier_str_mv |
Biotropica. 1744-7429 0006-3606 10.1111/btp.13090 2-s2.0-85127371984 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Biotropica |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Scopus reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
_version_ |
1808129148625879040 |