Feedlot performance and rumen morphometrics of Nellore cattle adapted to high-concentrate diets over periods of 6, 9, 14 and 21 days

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Estevam, D. D. [UNESP]
Data de Publicação: 2020
Outros Autores: Pereira, I. C. [UNESP], Rigueiro, A. L.N. [UNESP], Perdigão, A. [UNESP], Da Costa, C. F. [UNESP], Rizzieri, R. A. [UNESP], Pereira, M. C.S. [UNESP], Martins, C. L. [UNESP], Millen, D. D. [UNESP], Arrigoni, M. D.B. [UNESP]
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
Texto Completo: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1751731120001147
http://hdl.handle.net/11449/201893
Resumo: The energy content of finishing diets offered to feedlot cattle may vary across countries. We assumed that the lower is the energy content of the finishing diet, the shorter can be the adaptation period to high-concentrate diets without negatively impacting rumen health while still improving feedlot performance. This study was designed to determine the effects of adaptation periods of 6, 9, 14 and 21 days on feedlot performance, feeding behaviour, blood gas profile, carcass characteristics and rumen morphometrics of Nellore cattle. The experiment was designed as a completely randomised block, replicated 6 times, in which 96 20-month-old yearling Nellore bulls (391.1 ± 30.9 kg) were fed in 24 pens (4 animals/pen) according to the adaptation period adopted: 6, 9, 14 or 21 days. The adaptation diets contained 70%, 75% and 80.5% concentrate, and the finishing diet contained 86% concentrate. After adaptation, one animal per pen was slaughtered (n = 24) for rumen morphometric evaluations and the remaining 72 animals were harvested after 88 days on feed. Orthogonal contrasts were used to assess linear, quadratic and cubic relationships between days of adaptation and the dependent variable. Overall, as days of adaptation increased, final BW (P = 0.06), average daily gain (ADG) (P = 0.07), hot carcass weight (P = 0.04) and gain to feed ratio (G: F) (P = 0.07) were affected quadratically, in which yearling bulls adapted by 14 days presented greater final BW, ADG, hot carcass weight and improved G: F. No significant (P > 0.10) days of adaptation effect was observed for any of feeding behaviour variables. As days of adaptation increased, the absorptive surface area of the rumen was affected cubically, where yearling bulls adapted by 14 days presented greater absorptive surface area (P = 0.03). Thus, Nellore yearling bulls should be adapted by 14 days because it led to improved feedlot performance and greater development of rumen epithelium without increasing rumenitis scores.
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spelling Feedlot performance and rumen morphometrics of Nellore cattle adapted to high-concentrate diets over periods of 6, 9, 14 and 21 daysBos indicusgainhigh-energypapillaetransitionThe energy content of finishing diets offered to feedlot cattle may vary across countries. We assumed that the lower is the energy content of the finishing diet, the shorter can be the adaptation period to high-concentrate diets without negatively impacting rumen health while still improving feedlot performance. This study was designed to determine the effects of adaptation periods of 6, 9, 14 and 21 days on feedlot performance, feeding behaviour, blood gas profile, carcass characteristics and rumen morphometrics of Nellore cattle. The experiment was designed as a completely randomised block, replicated 6 times, in which 96 20-month-old yearling Nellore bulls (391.1 ± 30.9 kg) were fed in 24 pens (4 animals/pen) according to the adaptation period adopted: 6, 9, 14 or 21 days. The adaptation diets contained 70%, 75% and 80.5% concentrate, and the finishing diet contained 86% concentrate. After adaptation, one animal per pen was slaughtered (n = 24) for rumen morphometric evaluations and the remaining 72 animals were harvested after 88 days on feed. Orthogonal contrasts were used to assess linear, quadratic and cubic relationships between days of adaptation and the dependent variable. Overall, as days of adaptation increased, final BW (P = 0.06), average daily gain (ADG) (P = 0.07), hot carcass weight (P = 0.04) and gain to feed ratio (G: F) (P = 0.07) were affected quadratically, in which yearling bulls adapted by 14 days presented greater final BW, ADG, hot carcass weight and improved G: F. No significant (P > 0.10) days of adaptation effect was observed for any of feeding behaviour variables. As days of adaptation increased, the absorptive surface area of the rumen was affected cubically, where yearling bulls adapted by 14 days presented greater absorptive surface area (P = 0.03). Thus, Nellore yearling bulls should be adapted by 14 days because it led to improved feedlot performance and greater development of rumen epithelium without increasing rumenitis scores.School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science São Paulo State University (UNESP)College of Agricultural and Technological Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP)School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science São Paulo State University (UNESP)College of Agricultural and Technological Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP)Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Estevam, D. D. [UNESP]Pereira, I. C. [UNESP]Rigueiro, A. L.N. [UNESP]Perdigão, A. [UNESP]Da Costa, C. F. [UNESP]Rizzieri, R. A. [UNESP]Pereira, M. C.S. [UNESP]Martins, C. L. [UNESP]Millen, D. D. [UNESP]Arrigoni, M. D.B. [UNESP]2020-12-12T02:44:33Z2020-12-12T02:44:33Z2020-01-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1751731120001147Animal.1751-732X1751-7311http://hdl.handle.net/11449/20189310.1017/S17517311200011472-s2.0-85086738568Scopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengAnimalinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2024-05-07T13:47:02Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/201893Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T13:40:04.014214Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Feedlot performance and rumen morphometrics of Nellore cattle adapted to high-concentrate diets over periods of 6, 9, 14 and 21 days
title Feedlot performance and rumen morphometrics of Nellore cattle adapted to high-concentrate diets over periods of 6, 9, 14 and 21 days
spellingShingle Feedlot performance and rumen morphometrics of Nellore cattle adapted to high-concentrate diets over periods of 6, 9, 14 and 21 days
Estevam, D. D. [UNESP]
Bos indicus
gain
high-energy
papillae
transition
title_short Feedlot performance and rumen morphometrics of Nellore cattle adapted to high-concentrate diets over periods of 6, 9, 14 and 21 days
title_full Feedlot performance and rumen morphometrics of Nellore cattle adapted to high-concentrate diets over periods of 6, 9, 14 and 21 days
title_fullStr Feedlot performance and rumen morphometrics of Nellore cattle adapted to high-concentrate diets over periods of 6, 9, 14 and 21 days
title_full_unstemmed Feedlot performance and rumen morphometrics of Nellore cattle adapted to high-concentrate diets over periods of 6, 9, 14 and 21 days
title_sort Feedlot performance and rumen morphometrics of Nellore cattle adapted to high-concentrate diets over periods of 6, 9, 14 and 21 days
author Estevam, D. D. [UNESP]
author_facet Estevam, D. D. [UNESP]
Pereira, I. C. [UNESP]
Rigueiro, A. L.N. [UNESP]
Perdigão, A. [UNESP]
Da Costa, C. F. [UNESP]
Rizzieri, R. A. [UNESP]
Pereira, M. C.S. [UNESP]
Martins, C. L. [UNESP]
Millen, D. D. [UNESP]
Arrigoni, M. D.B. [UNESP]
author_role author
author2 Pereira, I. C. [UNESP]
Rigueiro, A. L.N. [UNESP]
Perdigão, A. [UNESP]
Da Costa, C. F. [UNESP]
Rizzieri, R. A. [UNESP]
Pereira, M. C.S. [UNESP]
Martins, C. L. [UNESP]
Millen, D. D. [UNESP]
Arrigoni, M. D.B. [UNESP]
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Estevam, D. D. [UNESP]
Pereira, I. C. [UNESP]
Rigueiro, A. L.N. [UNESP]
Perdigão, A. [UNESP]
Da Costa, C. F. [UNESP]
Rizzieri, R. A. [UNESP]
Pereira, M. C.S. [UNESP]
Martins, C. L. [UNESP]
Millen, D. D. [UNESP]
Arrigoni, M. D.B. [UNESP]
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Bos indicus
gain
high-energy
papillae
transition
topic Bos indicus
gain
high-energy
papillae
transition
description The energy content of finishing diets offered to feedlot cattle may vary across countries. We assumed that the lower is the energy content of the finishing diet, the shorter can be the adaptation period to high-concentrate diets without negatively impacting rumen health while still improving feedlot performance. This study was designed to determine the effects of adaptation periods of 6, 9, 14 and 21 days on feedlot performance, feeding behaviour, blood gas profile, carcass characteristics and rumen morphometrics of Nellore cattle. The experiment was designed as a completely randomised block, replicated 6 times, in which 96 20-month-old yearling Nellore bulls (391.1 ± 30.9 kg) were fed in 24 pens (4 animals/pen) according to the adaptation period adopted: 6, 9, 14 or 21 days. The adaptation diets contained 70%, 75% and 80.5% concentrate, and the finishing diet contained 86% concentrate. After adaptation, one animal per pen was slaughtered (n = 24) for rumen morphometric evaluations and the remaining 72 animals were harvested after 88 days on feed. Orthogonal contrasts were used to assess linear, quadratic and cubic relationships between days of adaptation and the dependent variable. Overall, as days of adaptation increased, final BW (P = 0.06), average daily gain (ADG) (P = 0.07), hot carcass weight (P = 0.04) and gain to feed ratio (G: F) (P = 0.07) were affected quadratically, in which yearling bulls adapted by 14 days presented greater final BW, ADG, hot carcass weight and improved G: F. No significant (P > 0.10) days of adaptation effect was observed for any of feeding behaviour variables. As days of adaptation increased, the absorptive surface area of the rumen was affected cubically, where yearling bulls adapted by 14 days presented greater absorptive surface area (P = 0.03). Thus, Nellore yearling bulls should be adapted by 14 days because it led to improved feedlot performance and greater development of rumen epithelium without increasing rumenitis scores.
publishDate 2020
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2020-12-12T02:44:33Z
2020-12-12T02:44:33Z
2020-01-01
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1751731120001147
Animal.
1751-732X
1751-7311
http://hdl.handle.net/11449/201893
10.1017/S1751731120001147
2-s2.0-85086738568
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1751731120001147
http://hdl.handle.net/11449/201893
identifier_str_mv Animal.
1751-732X
1751-7311
10.1017/S1751731120001147
2-s2.0-85086738568
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Animal
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Scopus
reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP
instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
instacron:UNESP
instname_str Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
instacron_str UNESP
institution UNESP
reponame_str Repositório Institucional da UNESP
collection Repositório Institucional da UNESP
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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