Are NORs Always Located on Homeologous Chromosomes? A FISH Investigation with rDNA and Whole Chromosome Probes in Gymnotus Fishes (Gymnotiformes)
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2013 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0055608 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/74563 |
Resumo: | Gymnotus (Gymnotiformes, Gymnotidae) is the most diverse known Neotropical electric knife fish genus. Cytogenetic studies in Gymnotus demonstrate a huge karyotypic diversity for this genus, with diploid numbers ranging from 34 to 54. The NOR are also variable in this genus, with both single and multiple NORs described. A common interpretation is that the single NOR pair is a primitive trait while multiple NORs are derivative. However this hypothesis has never been fully tested. In this report we checked if the NOR-bearing chromosome and the rDNA site are homeologous in different species of the genus Gymnotus: G. carapo (2n = 40, 42, 54), G. mamiraua (2n = 54), G. arapaima (2n = 44), G. sylvius (2n = 40), G. inaequilabiatus (2n = 54) and G. capanema (2n = 34), from the monophyletic group G. carapo (Gymnotidae-Gymnotiformes), as well as G. jonasi (2n = 52), belonging to the G1 group. They were analyzed with Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using 18S rDNA and whole chromosome probes of the NOR-bearing chromosome 20 (GCA20) of G. carapo (cytotype 2n = 42), obtained by Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting. All species of the monophyletic G. carapo group show the NOR in the same single pair, confirmed by hybridization with CGA20 whole chromosome probe. In G. jonasi the NORs are multiple, and located on pairs 9, 10 and 11. In G. jonasi the GCA20 chromosome probe paints the distal half of the long arm of pair 7, which is not a NOR-bearing chromosome. Thus these rDNA sequences are not always in the homeologous chromosomes in different species thus giving no support to the hypothesis that single NOR pairs are primitive traits while multiple NORs are derived. The separation of groups of species in the genus Gymnotus proposed by phylogenies with morphologic and molecular data is supported by our cytogenetic data. © 2013 Milhomem et al. |
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Are NORs Always Located on Homeologous Chromosomes? A FISH Investigation with rDNA and Whole Chromosome Probes in Gymnotus Fishes (Gymnotiformes)ribosome DNAchromosomal localizationchromosome analysischromosome NORcontrolled studycytotypeDNA determinationDNA sequencefishfluorescence activated cell sortingfluorescence in situ hybridizationGymnotus arapaimaGymnotus capanemaGymnotus carapoGymnotus inaequilabiatusGymnotus jonasiGymnotus mamirauaGymnotus sylviusmolecular probenonhumanspecies differenceAnimalsChromosomesDNA ProbesDNA, RibosomalGymnotiformesIn Situ Hybridization, FluorescenceNucleolus Organizer RegionPhylogenySpecies SpecificityGymnotus (Gymnotiformes, Gymnotidae) is the most diverse known Neotropical electric knife fish genus. Cytogenetic studies in Gymnotus demonstrate a huge karyotypic diversity for this genus, with diploid numbers ranging from 34 to 54. The NOR are also variable in this genus, with both single and multiple NORs described. A common interpretation is that the single NOR pair is a primitive trait while multiple NORs are derivative. However this hypothesis has never been fully tested. In this report we checked if the NOR-bearing chromosome and the rDNA site are homeologous in different species of the genus Gymnotus: G. carapo (2n = 40, 42, 54), G. mamiraua (2n = 54), G. arapaima (2n = 44), G. sylvius (2n = 40), G. inaequilabiatus (2n = 54) and G. capanema (2n = 34), from the monophyletic group G. carapo (Gymnotidae-Gymnotiformes), as well as G. jonasi (2n = 52), belonging to the G1 group. They were analyzed with Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using 18S rDNA and whole chromosome probes of the NOR-bearing chromosome 20 (GCA20) of G. carapo (cytotype 2n = 42), obtained by Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting. All species of the monophyletic G. carapo group show the NOR in the same single pair, confirmed by hybridization with CGA20 whole chromosome probe. In G. jonasi the NORs are multiple, and located on pairs 9, 10 and 11. In G. jonasi the GCA20 chromosome probe paints the distal half of the long arm of pair 7, which is not a NOR-bearing chromosome. Thus these rDNA sequences are not always in the homeologous chromosomes in different species thus giving no support to the hypothesis that single NOR pairs are primitive traits while multiple NORs are derived. The separation of groups of species in the genus Gymnotus proposed by phylogenies with morphologic and molecular data is supported by our cytogenetic data. © 2013 Milhomem et al.Laboratório de Citogenética Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, ParáInstituto de Biociências de Botucatu Departamento de Morfologia Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São PauloCambridge Resource Centre for Comparative Genomics Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Cambridge, CambridgeInstituto de Biociências de Botucatu Departamento de Morfologia Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São PauloUniversidade Federal do Pará (UFPA)Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)University of CambridgeMilhomem, Susana S. R.Scacchetti, Priscilla C. [UNESP]Pieczarka, Julio C.Ferguson-Smith, Malcolm A.Pansonato-Alves, José C. [UNESP]O'Brien, Patricia C. M.Foresti, Fausto [UNESP]Nagamachi, Cleusa Y.2014-05-27T11:28:21Z2014-05-27T11:28:21Z2013-02-06info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0055608PLoS ONE, v. 8, n. 2, 2013.1932-6203http://hdl.handle.net/11449/7456310.1371/journal.pone.0055608WOS:0003151534001232-s2.0-848735316142-s2.0-84873531614.pdf0804793944846367Scopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengPLOS ONE2.7661,164info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2023-11-21T06:10:53Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/74563Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462023-11-21T06:10:53Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Are NORs Always Located on Homeologous Chromosomes? A FISH Investigation with rDNA and Whole Chromosome Probes in Gymnotus Fishes (Gymnotiformes) |
title |
Are NORs Always Located on Homeologous Chromosomes? A FISH Investigation with rDNA and Whole Chromosome Probes in Gymnotus Fishes (Gymnotiformes) |
spellingShingle |
Are NORs Always Located on Homeologous Chromosomes? A FISH Investigation with rDNA and Whole Chromosome Probes in Gymnotus Fishes (Gymnotiformes) Milhomem, Susana S. R. ribosome DNA chromosomal localization chromosome analysis chromosome NOR controlled study cytotype DNA determination DNA sequence fish fluorescence activated cell sorting fluorescence in situ hybridization Gymnotus arapaima Gymnotus capanema Gymnotus carapo Gymnotus inaequilabiatus Gymnotus jonasi Gymnotus mamiraua Gymnotus sylvius molecular probe nonhuman species difference Animals Chromosomes DNA Probes DNA, Ribosomal Gymnotiformes In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence Nucleolus Organizer Region Phylogeny Species Specificity |
title_short |
Are NORs Always Located on Homeologous Chromosomes? A FISH Investigation with rDNA and Whole Chromosome Probes in Gymnotus Fishes (Gymnotiformes) |
title_full |
Are NORs Always Located on Homeologous Chromosomes? A FISH Investigation with rDNA and Whole Chromosome Probes in Gymnotus Fishes (Gymnotiformes) |
title_fullStr |
Are NORs Always Located on Homeologous Chromosomes? A FISH Investigation with rDNA and Whole Chromosome Probes in Gymnotus Fishes (Gymnotiformes) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Are NORs Always Located on Homeologous Chromosomes? A FISH Investigation with rDNA and Whole Chromosome Probes in Gymnotus Fishes (Gymnotiformes) |
title_sort |
Are NORs Always Located on Homeologous Chromosomes? A FISH Investigation with rDNA and Whole Chromosome Probes in Gymnotus Fishes (Gymnotiformes) |
author |
Milhomem, Susana S. R. |
author_facet |
Milhomem, Susana S. R. Scacchetti, Priscilla C. [UNESP] Pieczarka, Julio C. Ferguson-Smith, Malcolm A. Pansonato-Alves, José C. [UNESP] O'Brien, Patricia C. M. Foresti, Fausto [UNESP] Nagamachi, Cleusa Y. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Scacchetti, Priscilla C. [UNESP] Pieczarka, Julio C. Ferguson-Smith, Malcolm A. Pansonato-Alves, José C. [UNESP] O'Brien, Patricia C. M. Foresti, Fausto [UNESP] Nagamachi, Cleusa Y. |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) University of Cambridge |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Milhomem, Susana S. R. Scacchetti, Priscilla C. [UNESP] Pieczarka, Julio C. Ferguson-Smith, Malcolm A. Pansonato-Alves, José C. [UNESP] O'Brien, Patricia C. M. Foresti, Fausto [UNESP] Nagamachi, Cleusa Y. |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
ribosome DNA chromosomal localization chromosome analysis chromosome NOR controlled study cytotype DNA determination DNA sequence fish fluorescence activated cell sorting fluorescence in situ hybridization Gymnotus arapaima Gymnotus capanema Gymnotus carapo Gymnotus inaequilabiatus Gymnotus jonasi Gymnotus mamiraua Gymnotus sylvius molecular probe nonhuman species difference Animals Chromosomes DNA Probes DNA, Ribosomal Gymnotiformes In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence Nucleolus Organizer Region Phylogeny Species Specificity |
topic |
ribosome DNA chromosomal localization chromosome analysis chromosome NOR controlled study cytotype DNA determination DNA sequence fish fluorescence activated cell sorting fluorescence in situ hybridization Gymnotus arapaima Gymnotus capanema Gymnotus carapo Gymnotus inaequilabiatus Gymnotus jonasi Gymnotus mamiraua Gymnotus sylvius molecular probe nonhuman species difference Animals Chromosomes DNA Probes DNA, Ribosomal Gymnotiformes In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence Nucleolus Organizer Region Phylogeny Species Specificity |
description |
Gymnotus (Gymnotiformes, Gymnotidae) is the most diverse known Neotropical electric knife fish genus. Cytogenetic studies in Gymnotus demonstrate a huge karyotypic diversity for this genus, with diploid numbers ranging from 34 to 54. The NOR are also variable in this genus, with both single and multiple NORs described. A common interpretation is that the single NOR pair is a primitive trait while multiple NORs are derivative. However this hypothesis has never been fully tested. In this report we checked if the NOR-bearing chromosome and the rDNA site are homeologous in different species of the genus Gymnotus: G. carapo (2n = 40, 42, 54), G. mamiraua (2n = 54), G. arapaima (2n = 44), G. sylvius (2n = 40), G. inaequilabiatus (2n = 54) and G. capanema (2n = 34), from the monophyletic group G. carapo (Gymnotidae-Gymnotiformes), as well as G. jonasi (2n = 52), belonging to the G1 group. They were analyzed with Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using 18S rDNA and whole chromosome probes of the NOR-bearing chromosome 20 (GCA20) of G. carapo (cytotype 2n = 42), obtained by Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting. All species of the monophyletic G. carapo group show the NOR in the same single pair, confirmed by hybridization with CGA20 whole chromosome probe. In G. jonasi the NORs are multiple, and located on pairs 9, 10 and 11. In G. jonasi the GCA20 chromosome probe paints the distal half of the long arm of pair 7, which is not a NOR-bearing chromosome. Thus these rDNA sequences are not always in the homeologous chromosomes in different species thus giving no support to the hypothesis that single NOR pairs are primitive traits while multiple NORs are derived. The separation of groups of species in the genus Gymnotus proposed by phylogenies with morphologic and molecular data is supported by our cytogenetic data. © 2013 Milhomem et al. |
publishDate |
2013 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2013-02-06 2014-05-27T11:28:21Z 2014-05-27T11:28:21Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0055608 PLoS ONE, v. 8, n. 2, 2013. 1932-6203 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/74563 10.1371/journal.pone.0055608 WOS:000315153400123 2-s2.0-84873531614 2-s2.0-84873531614.pdf 0804793944846367 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0055608 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/74563 |
identifier_str_mv |
PLoS ONE, v. 8, n. 2, 2013. 1932-6203 10.1371/journal.pone.0055608 WOS:000315153400123 2-s2.0-84873531614 2-s2.0-84873531614.pdf 0804793944846367 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
PLOS ONE 2.766 1,164 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Scopus reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
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1797789773706821632 |