The influence of ovariectomy, simvastatin and sodium alendronate on alveolar bone in rats

• Autor(a) principal: Anbinder, Ana Lia
• Data de Publicação: 2007
• Outros Autores: Prado, Fernanda de Almeida [UNESP], Prado, Marcela de Almeida [UNESP], Balducci, Ivan [UNESP], da Rocha, Rosilene Fernandes [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1806-83242007000300010; http://hdl.handle.net/11449/70091
• topic: Alendronate; Models, animal; Osteoporosis; Ovariectomy; Simvastatin; alendronic acid; antilipemic agent; bone density conservation agent; estrogen; hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor; simvastatin; analysis of variance; animal; bone density; disease model; drug effect; drug screening; female; hypercholesterolemia; jaw; mandible; osteolysis; osteoporosis; ovariectomy; randomization; rat; Wistar rat; Alveolar Bone Loss; Alveolar Process; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antilipemic Agents; Bone Density; Bone Density Conservation Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Estrogens; Female; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; Hypercholesterolemia; Mandible; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar

Bisphosphonates are currently used in the treatment of many diseases involving increased bone resorption such as osteoporosis. Statins have been widely used for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and recent studies have shown that these drugs are also capable of stimulating bone formation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate thel influence of an estrogen deficient state and the effects of simvastatin and sodium alendronate therapies on alveolar bone in female rats. Fifty-four rats were either ovariectomized (OVX) or sham operated. A month later, the animals began to receive a daily dose of simvastatin (SIN - 25 mg/kg), sodium alendronate (ALN - 2 mg/kg) or water (control) orally. Thirty-five days after the beginning of the treatment, the rats were sacrificed and their left hemimandibles were removed and radiographed using digital X-ray equipment. The alveolar radiographic density under the first molar was determined with gray-level scaling and the values were submitted to analysis of variance (α = 5%). Ovariectomized rats gained more weight (mean ± standard deviation: 20.06 ± 6.68%) than did the sham operated animals (12.13 ± 5.63%). Alveolar radiographic density values, expressed as gray levels, were lowest in the OVX-water group (183.49 ± 6.47), and differed significantly from those observed for the groups receiving alendronate (sham-ALN: 193.85 ± 3.81; OVX-ALN: 196.06 ± 5.11) and from those of the sham-water group (193.66 ± 4.36). Other comparisons between groups did not show significant differences. It was concluded that the ovariectomy reduced alveolar bone density and that alendronate was efficient for the treatment of this condition.