Contribuição das terras indígenas e as influências de pressões externas nessas áreas para a conservação ambiental: uma revisão

• Autor(a) principal: Layher, Erika [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/156522; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/capelo/2018-05-22/000898985.pdf
• topic: Ecologia; Reservas indígenas; Unidades de conservação; Recursos naturais - Conservação; Indios; Brasil

There are major conflicts around the indigenous issue in Brazil that support discussions about the influence of communities on environmental conservation and their development prospects. On one hand, indigenous lands present themselves as a great potential of protected areas due to the empirical knowledge about the environment that surround them and, because they live locally, may be more active in the struggle for environmental conservation. On the other hand, they confront this idea by taking them as populations that have lost their culture or have a way of life contrary to conservation attempts. This work aims to make a literature review regarding Indigenous Lands (IL) and environmental conservation by analyzing and discussing the possible influences of these communities in the protecting of these areas. The pressures exerted on the IL, their influences and reflexes for local conservation were analyzed. For this, a bibliographic review was done on indigenous issues and the factors that influence the conservation through searches in databases that gather theses, dissertations, articles and books on the subject. Strong influences of external pressures were found in addition to internal factors within the community itself. Data collection was supported by the following categories: external pressures, cultural aspects on conservation, political and environmental impacts. It has been found that projects aimed at community wellbeing and environmental conservation, together with open dialogue have a positive effect on villages. The most frequent pressures in ILs are the collection of resources by non-Indians and land problems, which represented respectively 70% and 65% of the surveys. One sees an environmental valuation of the indigenous community in 65% of the studies and in 25% conflicts between the actions of the communities and the ideal of conservation, reflected in general by the use of natural resources. In addition, there is a shortage of...