Gastrointestinal Complaints During Exercise: Prevalence, Etiology, and Nutritional Recommendations
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2014 |
Outros Autores: | , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40279-014-0153-2 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/112318 |
Resumo: | Gastrointestinal problems are common, especially in endurance athletes, and often impair performance or subsequent recovery. Generally, studies suggest that 30-50 % of athletes experience such complaints. Most gastrointestinal symptoms during exercise are mild and of no risk to health, but hemorrhagic gastritis, hematochezia, and ischemic bowel can present serious medical challenges. Three main causes of gastrointestinal symptoms have been identified, and these are either physiological, mechanical, or nutritional in nature. During intense exercise, and especially when hypohydrated, mesenteric blood flow is reduced; this is believed to be one of the main contributors to the development of gastrointestinal symptoms. Reduced splanchnic perfusion could result in compromised gut permeability in athletes. However, although evidence exists that this might occur, this has not yet been definitively linked to the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms. Nutritional training and appropriate nutrition choices can reduce the risk of gastrointestinal discomfort during exercise by ensuring rapid gastric emptying and the absorption of water and nutrients, and by maintaining adequate perfusion of the splanchnic vasculature. A number of nutritional manipulations have been proposed to minimize gastrointestinal symptoms, including the use of multiple transportable carbohydrates, and potentially the use of nutrients that stimulate the production of nitric oxide in the intestine and thereby improve splanchnic perfusion. However, at this stage, evidence for beneficial effects of such interventions is lacking, and more research needs to be conducted to obtain a better understanding of the etiology of the problems and to improve the recommendations to athletes. |
id |
UNSP_f24a21b5132ec18d6c14c27cacd0e859 |
---|---|
oai_identifier_str |
oai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/112318 |
network_acronym_str |
UNSP |
network_name_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository_id_str |
2946 |
spelling |
Gastrointestinal Complaints During Exercise: Prevalence, Etiology, and Nutritional RecommendationsGastrointestinal problems are common, especially in endurance athletes, and often impair performance or subsequent recovery. Generally, studies suggest that 30-50 % of athletes experience such complaints. Most gastrointestinal symptoms during exercise are mild and of no risk to health, but hemorrhagic gastritis, hematochezia, and ischemic bowel can present serious medical challenges. Three main causes of gastrointestinal symptoms have been identified, and these are either physiological, mechanical, or nutritional in nature. During intense exercise, and especially when hypohydrated, mesenteric blood flow is reduced; this is believed to be one of the main contributors to the development of gastrointestinal symptoms. Reduced splanchnic perfusion could result in compromised gut permeability in athletes. However, although evidence exists that this might occur, this has not yet been definitively linked to the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms. Nutritional training and appropriate nutrition choices can reduce the risk of gastrointestinal discomfort during exercise by ensuring rapid gastric emptying and the absorption of water and nutrients, and by maintaining adequate perfusion of the splanchnic vasculature. A number of nutritional manipulations have been proposed to minimize gastrointestinal symptoms, including the use of multiple transportable carbohydrates, and potentially the use of nutrients that stimulate the production of nitric oxide in the intestine and thereby improve splanchnic perfusion. However, at this stage, evidence for beneficial effects of such interventions is lacking, and more research needs to be conducted to obtain a better understanding of the etiology of the problems and to improve the recommendations to athletes.Univ Fed Uberlandia, Sch Med, BR-38400902 Uberlandia, MG, BrazilUNESP Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth, Ctr Phys Exercise & Nutr Metab, Botucatu, SP, BrazilGatorade Sports Sci Inst, Barrington, IL USAUniv Loughborough, Sch Sport Exercise & Hlth Sci, Loughborough, Leics, EnglandUNESP Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth, Ctr Phys Exercise & Nutr Metab, Botucatu, SP, BrazilAdis Int LtdUniversidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU)Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Gatorade Sports Sci InstUniv LoughboroughOliveira, Erick Prado deBurini, Roberto Carlos [UNESP]Jeukendrup, Asker2014-12-03T13:10:37Z2014-12-03T13:10:37Z2014-05-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/article79-85application/pdfhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40279-014-0153-2Sports Medicine. Auckland: Adis Int Ltd, v. 44, p. 79-85, 2014.0112-1642http://hdl.handle.net/11449/11231810.1007/s40279-014-0153-2WOS:000335659800009WOS000335659800009.pdf2287552780901172Web of Sciencereponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengSports Medicine7.0743,367info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2024-09-03T14:12:18Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/112318Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestrepositoriounesp@unesp.bropendoar:29462024-09-03T14:12:18Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Gastrointestinal Complaints During Exercise: Prevalence, Etiology, and Nutritional Recommendations |
title |
Gastrointestinal Complaints During Exercise: Prevalence, Etiology, and Nutritional Recommendations |
spellingShingle |
Gastrointestinal Complaints During Exercise: Prevalence, Etiology, and Nutritional Recommendations Oliveira, Erick Prado de |
title_short |
Gastrointestinal Complaints During Exercise: Prevalence, Etiology, and Nutritional Recommendations |
title_full |
Gastrointestinal Complaints During Exercise: Prevalence, Etiology, and Nutritional Recommendations |
title_fullStr |
Gastrointestinal Complaints During Exercise: Prevalence, Etiology, and Nutritional Recommendations |
title_full_unstemmed |
Gastrointestinal Complaints During Exercise: Prevalence, Etiology, and Nutritional Recommendations |
title_sort |
Gastrointestinal Complaints During Exercise: Prevalence, Etiology, and Nutritional Recommendations |
author |
Oliveira, Erick Prado de |
author_facet |
Oliveira, Erick Prado de Burini, Roberto Carlos [UNESP] Jeukendrup, Asker |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Burini, Roberto Carlos [UNESP] Jeukendrup, Asker |
author2_role |
author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU) Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Gatorade Sports Sci Inst Univ Loughborough |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Oliveira, Erick Prado de Burini, Roberto Carlos [UNESP] Jeukendrup, Asker |
description |
Gastrointestinal problems are common, especially in endurance athletes, and often impair performance or subsequent recovery. Generally, studies suggest that 30-50 % of athletes experience such complaints. Most gastrointestinal symptoms during exercise are mild and of no risk to health, but hemorrhagic gastritis, hematochezia, and ischemic bowel can present serious medical challenges. Three main causes of gastrointestinal symptoms have been identified, and these are either physiological, mechanical, or nutritional in nature. During intense exercise, and especially when hypohydrated, mesenteric blood flow is reduced; this is believed to be one of the main contributors to the development of gastrointestinal symptoms. Reduced splanchnic perfusion could result in compromised gut permeability in athletes. However, although evidence exists that this might occur, this has not yet been definitively linked to the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms. Nutritional training and appropriate nutrition choices can reduce the risk of gastrointestinal discomfort during exercise by ensuring rapid gastric emptying and the absorption of water and nutrients, and by maintaining adequate perfusion of the splanchnic vasculature. A number of nutritional manipulations have been proposed to minimize gastrointestinal symptoms, including the use of multiple transportable carbohydrates, and potentially the use of nutrients that stimulate the production of nitric oxide in the intestine and thereby improve splanchnic perfusion. However, at this stage, evidence for beneficial effects of such interventions is lacking, and more research needs to be conducted to obtain a better understanding of the etiology of the problems and to improve the recommendations to athletes. |
publishDate |
2014 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2014-12-03T13:10:37Z 2014-12-03T13:10:37Z 2014-05-01 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40279-014-0153-2 Sports Medicine. Auckland: Adis Int Ltd, v. 44, p. 79-85, 2014. 0112-1642 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/112318 10.1007/s40279-014-0153-2 WOS:000335659800009 WOS000335659800009.pdf 2287552780901172 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40279-014-0153-2 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/112318 |
identifier_str_mv |
Sports Medicine. Auckland: Adis Int Ltd, v. 44, p. 79-85, 2014. 0112-1642 10.1007/s40279-014-0153-2 WOS:000335659800009 WOS000335659800009.pdf 2287552780901172 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Sports Medicine 7.074 3,367 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
79-85 application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Adis Int Ltd |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Adis Int Ltd |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Web of Science reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
repositoriounesp@unesp.br |
_version_ |
1810021417457025024 |