Thermodynamic, Economic and Emissions Analysis of a Micro Gas Turbine Cogeneration System operating on Biofuels

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Kunte, Benjamin [UNESP]
Data de Publicação: 2015
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132393
Resumo: The most promising methods to reduce greenhouse gases as well as counteract against the imminent depletion of fossil fuels are: a) the use of alternative fuels obtained from biomass, such as biogas or bio-syngas; b) enhancing the power plant efficiency by decreasing the percentage of useful energy lost to the environment. Whereas efficiency optimisation of a particular machine in a power plant, e.g. gas turbine or compressor, is a very longsome development, cogeneration can quickly and significantly increase the overall efficiency of a power plant. In this work, energetic, exergetic, emissions and economic analyses of a cogeneration system consisting of a 200 kW micro gas turbine combined with a heat recovery steam generator are introduced and conducted. Furthermore, biogas and syngas operation are compared to natural gas operation, to investigate the adequacy of these two alternative fuels for use in micro gas turbines. The proposed cogeneration plant proved to be technically feasible for all fuels, because the selected micro gas turbine Capstone C200 is available in various, fuel-specific versions with optimised fuel injection systems. The plant presented overall energetic efficiencies of 50.9%, 48.6% and 47.9% for natural gas, biogas and syngas operation, respectively. Due to very high natural gas and syngas prices, the cogeneration plant presented economic feasibility only in case of biogas operation, with short payback periods of approximately 2.8 years and high expected annual saving. Moreover, biogas has the highest ecologic efficiency and was therefore found to be the best alternative to fossil fuels.
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spelling Thermodynamic, Economic and Emissions Analysis of a Micro Gas Turbine Cogeneration System operating on BiofuelsAnálise Termodinâmica, Econômica e de Emissões de Sistemas de Cogeração baseados em Microturbinas operando com BiocombustíveisBiogasCogenerationExergetic AnalysisMicro Gas TurbineSyngasBiogásCogeraçãoAnálise ExergéticaMicroturbina a GásThe most promising methods to reduce greenhouse gases as well as counteract against the imminent depletion of fossil fuels are: a) the use of alternative fuels obtained from biomass, such as biogas or bio-syngas; b) enhancing the power plant efficiency by decreasing the percentage of useful energy lost to the environment. Whereas efficiency optimisation of a particular machine in a power plant, e.g. gas turbine or compressor, is a very longsome development, cogeneration can quickly and significantly increase the overall efficiency of a power plant. In this work, energetic, exergetic, emissions and economic analyses of a cogeneration system consisting of a 200 kW micro gas turbine combined with a heat recovery steam generator are introduced and conducted. Furthermore, biogas and syngas operation are compared to natural gas operation, to investigate the adequacy of these two alternative fuels for use in micro gas turbines. The proposed cogeneration plant proved to be technically feasible for all fuels, because the selected micro gas turbine Capstone C200 is available in various, fuel-specific versions with optimised fuel injection systems. The plant presented overall energetic efficiencies of 50.9%, 48.6% and 47.9% for natural gas, biogas and syngas operation, respectively. Due to very high natural gas and syngas prices, the cogeneration plant presented economic feasibility only in case of biogas operation, with short payback periods of approximately 2.8 years and high expected annual saving. Moreover, biogas has the highest ecologic efficiency and was therefore found to be the best alternative to fossil fuels.Os métodos mais promissores para reduzir gases de efeito estufa, bem como combater o iminente esgotamento das reservas de energia fóssil, são: a) o uso de combustíveis alternativos obtidos a partir da biomassa, como o biogás ou gás de síntese (syngas); b) o aumento da eficiência do sistema através da redução da percentagem de energia útil perdido para o ambiente. Enquanto a otimização da eficiência de uma determinada máquina da central elétrica, por exemplo, turbina a gás ou compressor, é um desenvolvimento muito demorado, a cogeração pode rápida e significativamente aumentar a eficiência global da central. Neste trabalho, análise termodinâmica, econômica e de emissões de um sistema de cogeração baseado em uma microturbina a gás de 200 kW combinado com uma caldeira de recuperação são conduzidas. Além disso, a operação de biogás e syngas é comparada com a operação de gás natural para investigar a pertinência destes dois combustíveis alternativos para o uso em micro turbinas a gás. A central de cogeração proposta mostrou-se tecnicamente viável para todos os combustíveis, porque a microturbina selecionada é disponível em várias versões, específicas para cada combustível, com sistemas de injeção de combustível otimizados. A central apresentou eficiências energéticas globais de 50,9%, 48,6% e 47,9% para operação com gás natural, biogás e syngas, respectivamente. Devido aos preços muito elevados do gás natural e do syngas, a central de cogeração apresentou viabilidade econômica apenas no caso de operação com biogás, com curtos períodos de retorno de aproximadamente 2,8 anos e alta economia anual esperada. Além disso, o biogás tem a maior eficiência ecológica e, portanto, apresentou-se como a melhor alternativa aos combustíveis fósseis.Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Matelli, José Alexandre [UNESP]Silveira, José Luz [UNESP]Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Kunte, Benjamin [UNESP]2015-12-22T13:12:11Z2015-12-22T13:12:11Z2015-12-18info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/13239300085889233004080027P676907302768035501750154267305530enginfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESP2023-12-08T06:17:10Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/132393Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462023-12-08T06:17:10Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Thermodynamic, Economic and Emissions Analysis of a Micro Gas Turbine Cogeneration System operating on Biofuels
Análise Termodinâmica, Econômica e de Emissões de Sistemas de Cogeração baseados em Microturbinas operando com Biocombustíveis
title Thermodynamic, Economic and Emissions Analysis of a Micro Gas Turbine Cogeneration System operating on Biofuels
spellingShingle Thermodynamic, Economic and Emissions Analysis of a Micro Gas Turbine Cogeneration System operating on Biofuels
Kunte, Benjamin [UNESP]
Biogas
Cogeneration
Exergetic Analysis
Micro Gas Turbine
Syngas
Biogás
Cogeração
Análise Exergética
Microturbina a Gás
title_short Thermodynamic, Economic and Emissions Analysis of a Micro Gas Turbine Cogeneration System operating on Biofuels
title_full Thermodynamic, Economic and Emissions Analysis of a Micro Gas Turbine Cogeneration System operating on Biofuels
title_fullStr Thermodynamic, Economic and Emissions Analysis of a Micro Gas Turbine Cogeneration System operating on Biofuels
title_full_unstemmed Thermodynamic, Economic and Emissions Analysis of a Micro Gas Turbine Cogeneration System operating on Biofuels
title_sort Thermodynamic, Economic and Emissions Analysis of a Micro Gas Turbine Cogeneration System operating on Biofuels
author Kunte, Benjamin [UNESP]
author_facet Kunte, Benjamin [UNESP]
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Matelli, José Alexandre [UNESP]
Silveira, José Luz [UNESP]
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Kunte, Benjamin [UNESP]
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Biogas
Cogeneration
Exergetic Analysis
Micro Gas Turbine
Syngas
Biogás
Cogeração
Análise Exergética
Microturbina a Gás
topic Biogas
Cogeneration
Exergetic Analysis
Micro Gas Turbine
Syngas
Biogás
Cogeração
Análise Exergética
Microturbina a Gás
description The most promising methods to reduce greenhouse gases as well as counteract against the imminent depletion of fossil fuels are: a) the use of alternative fuels obtained from biomass, such as biogas or bio-syngas; b) enhancing the power plant efficiency by decreasing the percentage of useful energy lost to the environment. Whereas efficiency optimisation of a particular machine in a power plant, e.g. gas turbine or compressor, is a very longsome development, cogeneration can quickly and significantly increase the overall efficiency of a power plant. In this work, energetic, exergetic, emissions and economic analyses of a cogeneration system consisting of a 200 kW micro gas turbine combined with a heat recovery steam generator are introduced and conducted. Furthermore, biogas and syngas operation are compared to natural gas operation, to investigate the adequacy of these two alternative fuels for use in micro gas turbines. The proposed cogeneration plant proved to be technically feasible for all fuels, because the selected micro gas turbine Capstone C200 is available in various, fuel-specific versions with optimised fuel injection systems. The plant presented overall energetic efficiencies of 50.9%, 48.6% and 47.9% for natural gas, biogas and syngas operation, respectively. Due to very high natural gas and syngas prices, the cogeneration plant presented economic feasibility only in case of biogas operation, with short payback periods of approximately 2.8 years and high expected annual saving. Moreover, biogas has the highest ecologic efficiency and was therefore found to be the best alternative to fossil fuels.
publishDate 2015
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2015-12-22T13:12:11Z
2015-12-22T13:12:11Z
2015-12-18
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
format masterThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132393
000858892
33004080027P6
7690730276803550
1750154267305530
url http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132393
identifier_str_mv 000858892
33004080027P6
7690730276803550
1750154267305530
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP
instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
instacron:UNESP
instname_str Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
instacron_str UNESP
institution UNESP
reponame_str Repositório Institucional da UNESP
collection Repositório Institucional da UNESP
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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