Interactive effect of dietary protein and dried citrus pulp levels on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, and hindgut fermentation of weanling pigs
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2017 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas2016.0498 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/159452 |
Resumo: | Weanling pigs (n = 108, 21 d of age, 5.82 +/- 0.16 kg initial BW) were assigned to a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments to evaluate the effects of dietary levels of CP (high-and low-CP diets) and dried citrus pulp (DCP; 0% and 7.5%) on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, and hindgut fermentation. Pigs were blocked by initial BW and allotted to 1 of 9 pens, each containing 3 pigs. The high-CP diets consisted of feeding 20% and 21% CP levels throughout phase 1 (0 to 14 d) and phase 2 (14 to 28 d), respectively. For the low-CP diets, CP levels were reduced by 4% units as compared with the highCP diets in both phases. Crystalline AA were supplied to maintain an ideal AA pattern. Pig BW and pen feed disappearance were recorded weekly. On d 7 and 28 postweaning, 1 pig from each pen was euthanized for collection of small intestinal tissues and digesta from cecum and colon. There were no CP x DCP interactions for growth performance and gut morphology. Although the low-CP diet decreased ADG (P = 0.03) and G: F (P = 0.02) from d 21 to 28 postweaning, overall performance was unaffected by the treatments. On d 7 postweaning, pigs fed the low-CP diet tended to have increased (P = 0.09) crypt depth in the duode-num. Low-CP diets tended to increase (P = 0.06) crypt depth and reduce (P = 0.08) villus: crypt ratio in the jejunum on d 7. Dietary treatments did not affect ileal morphology. On d 7 postweaning, low-CP diets tended to reduce (P = 0.09) cecal total VFA, whereas dietary DCP inclusion tended to decrease (P = 0.07) colonic propionate. Including 7.5% DCP to the diet decreased (P < 0.05) colonic isovalerate and ammonia N concentrations on d 7 only for pigs fed the low-CP diet. On d 28 postweaning, DCP inclusion in low-CP diets decreased (P < 0.05) butyrate, isovalerate, and valerate concentrations in the cecum, as well as isovalerate, valerate, and ammonia N concentrations in the colon. Including 7.5% DCP to the diet increased (P < 0.05) acetate: propionate ratio in the hindgut on both d 7 and 28 postweaning only for pigs fed the high-CP diet. Lactate concentration was unaffected by the treatments. These results indicate that feeding low-CP AA-supplemented diets did not compromise overall growth performance, but slightly increased damage in the gut morphology of weanling pigs. Moreover, adding 7.5% DCP to lowCP AA-supplemented diets shifted the fermentation pattern in the hindgut of weanling pigs by decreasing protein fermentation metabolites. |
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Interactive effect of dietary protein and dried citrus pulp levels on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, and hindgut fermentation of weanling pigsfermentable carbohydratenursery pigprotein fermentationweaningWeanling pigs (n = 108, 21 d of age, 5.82 +/- 0.16 kg initial BW) were assigned to a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments to evaluate the effects of dietary levels of CP (high-and low-CP diets) and dried citrus pulp (DCP; 0% and 7.5%) on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, and hindgut fermentation. Pigs were blocked by initial BW and allotted to 1 of 9 pens, each containing 3 pigs. The high-CP diets consisted of feeding 20% and 21% CP levels throughout phase 1 (0 to 14 d) and phase 2 (14 to 28 d), respectively. For the low-CP diets, CP levels were reduced by 4% units as compared with the highCP diets in both phases. Crystalline AA were supplied to maintain an ideal AA pattern. Pig BW and pen feed disappearance were recorded weekly. On d 7 and 28 postweaning, 1 pig from each pen was euthanized for collection of small intestinal tissues and digesta from cecum and colon. There were no CP x DCP interactions for growth performance and gut morphology. Although the low-CP diet decreased ADG (P = 0.03) and G: F (P = 0.02) from d 21 to 28 postweaning, overall performance was unaffected by the treatments. On d 7 postweaning, pigs fed the low-CP diet tended to have increased (P = 0.09) crypt depth in the duode-num. Low-CP diets tended to increase (P = 0.06) crypt depth and reduce (P = 0.08) villus: crypt ratio in the jejunum on d 7. Dietary treatments did not affect ileal morphology. On d 7 postweaning, low-CP diets tended to reduce (P = 0.09) cecal total VFA, whereas dietary DCP inclusion tended to decrease (P = 0.07) colonic propionate. Including 7.5% DCP to the diet decreased (P < 0.05) colonic isovalerate and ammonia N concentrations on d 7 only for pigs fed the low-CP diet. On d 28 postweaning, DCP inclusion in low-CP diets decreased (P < 0.05) butyrate, isovalerate, and valerate concentrations in the cecum, as well as isovalerate, valerate, and ammonia N concentrations in the colon. Including 7.5% DCP to the diet increased (P < 0.05) acetate: propionate ratio in the hindgut on both d 7 and 28 postweaning only for pigs fed the high-CP diet. Lactate concentration was unaffected by the treatments. These results indicate that feeding low-CP AA-supplemented diets did not compromise overall growth performance, but slightly increased damage in the gut morphology of weanling pigs. Moreover, adding 7.5% DCP to lowCP AA-supplemented diets shifted the fermentation pattern in the hindgut of weanling pigs by decreasing protein fermentation metabolites.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, BrazilPurdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USASao Paulo State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, BrazilFAPESP: 2012/23248-5FAPESP: 2012/10299-0Amer Soc Animal ScienceUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Purdue UnivAlmeida, V. V. [UNESP]Nunez, A. J. C.Schinckel, A. P.Alvarenga, P. V. A. [UNESP]Castelini, F. R. [UNESP]Silva-Guillen, Y. V. [UNESP]Thomaz, M. C. [UNESP]2018-11-26T15:43:51Z2018-11-26T15:43:51Z2017-01-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/article257-269http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas2016.0498Journal Of Animal Science. Champaign: Amer Soc Animal Science, v. 95, n. 1, p. 257-269, 2017.0021-8812http://hdl.handle.net/11449/15945210.2527/jas2016.0498WOS:000397115100026Web of Sciencereponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengJournal Of Animal Science0,848info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2021-10-23T15:41:36Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/159452Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462024-08-05T18:40:08.528751Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Interactive effect of dietary protein and dried citrus pulp levels on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, and hindgut fermentation of weanling pigs |
title |
Interactive effect of dietary protein and dried citrus pulp levels on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, and hindgut fermentation of weanling pigs |
spellingShingle |
Interactive effect of dietary protein and dried citrus pulp levels on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, and hindgut fermentation of weanling pigs Almeida, V. V. [UNESP] fermentable carbohydrate nursery pig protein fermentation weaning |
title_short |
Interactive effect of dietary protein and dried citrus pulp levels on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, and hindgut fermentation of weanling pigs |
title_full |
Interactive effect of dietary protein and dried citrus pulp levels on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, and hindgut fermentation of weanling pigs |
title_fullStr |
Interactive effect of dietary protein and dried citrus pulp levels on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, and hindgut fermentation of weanling pigs |
title_full_unstemmed |
Interactive effect of dietary protein and dried citrus pulp levels on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, and hindgut fermentation of weanling pigs |
title_sort |
Interactive effect of dietary protein and dried citrus pulp levels on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, and hindgut fermentation of weanling pigs |
author |
Almeida, V. V. [UNESP] |
author_facet |
Almeida, V. V. [UNESP] Nunez, A. J. C. Schinckel, A. P. Alvarenga, P. V. A. [UNESP] Castelini, F. R. [UNESP] Silva-Guillen, Y. V. [UNESP] Thomaz, M. C. [UNESP] |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Nunez, A. J. C. Schinckel, A. P. Alvarenga, P. V. A. [UNESP] Castelini, F. R. [UNESP] Silva-Guillen, Y. V. [UNESP] Thomaz, M. C. [UNESP] |
author2_role |
author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Purdue Univ |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Almeida, V. V. [UNESP] Nunez, A. J. C. Schinckel, A. P. Alvarenga, P. V. A. [UNESP] Castelini, F. R. [UNESP] Silva-Guillen, Y. V. [UNESP] Thomaz, M. C. [UNESP] |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
fermentable carbohydrate nursery pig protein fermentation weaning |
topic |
fermentable carbohydrate nursery pig protein fermentation weaning |
description |
Weanling pigs (n = 108, 21 d of age, 5.82 +/- 0.16 kg initial BW) were assigned to a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments to evaluate the effects of dietary levels of CP (high-and low-CP diets) and dried citrus pulp (DCP; 0% and 7.5%) on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, and hindgut fermentation. Pigs were blocked by initial BW and allotted to 1 of 9 pens, each containing 3 pigs. The high-CP diets consisted of feeding 20% and 21% CP levels throughout phase 1 (0 to 14 d) and phase 2 (14 to 28 d), respectively. For the low-CP diets, CP levels were reduced by 4% units as compared with the highCP diets in both phases. Crystalline AA were supplied to maintain an ideal AA pattern. Pig BW and pen feed disappearance were recorded weekly. On d 7 and 28 postweaning, 1 pig from each pen was euthanized for collection of small intestinal tissues and digesta from cecum and colon. There were no CP x DCP interactions for growth performance and gut morphology. Although the low-CP diet decreased ADG (P = 0.03) and G: F (P = 0.02) from d 21 to 28 postweaning, overall performance was unaffected by the treatments. On d 7 postweaning, pigs fed the low-CP diet tended to have increased (P = 0.09) crypt depth in the duode-num. Low-CP diets tended to increase (P = 0.06) crypt depth and reduce (P = 0.08) villus: crypt ratio in the jejunum on d 7. Dietary treatments did not affect ileal morphology. On d 7 postweaning, low-CP diets tended to reduce (P = 0.09) cecal total VFA, whereas dietary DCP inclusion tended to decrease (P = 0.07) colonic propionate. Including 7.5% DCP to the diet decreased (P < 0.05) colonic isovalerate and ammonia N concentrations on d 7 only for pigs fed the low-CP diet. On d 28 postweaning, DCP inclusion in low-CP diets decreased (P < 0.05) butyrate, isovalerate, and valerate concentrations in the cecum, as well as isovalerate, valerate, and ammonia N concentrations in the colon. Including 7.5% DCP to the diet increased (P < 0.05) acetate: propionate ratio in the hindgut on both d 7 and 28 postweaning only for pigs fed the high-CP diet. Lactate concentration was unaffected by the treatments. These results indicate that feeding low-CP AA-supplemented diets did not compromise overall growth performance, but slightly increased damage in the gut morphology of weanling pigs. Moreover, adding 7.5% DCP to lowCP AA-supplemented diets shifted the fermentation pattern in the hindgut of weanling pigs by decreasing protein fermentation metabolites. |
publishDate |
2017 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2017-01-01 2018-11-26T15:43:51Z 2018-11-26T15:43:51Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas2016.0498 Journal Of Animal Science. Champaign: Amer Soc Animal Science, v. 95, n. 1, p. 257-269, 2017. 0021-8812 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/159452 10.2527/jas2016.0498 WOS:000397115100026 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas2016.0498 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/159452 |
identifier_str_mv |
Journal Of Animal Science. Champaign: Amer Soc Animal Science, v. 95, n. 1, p. 257-269, 2017. 0021-8812 10.2527/jas2016.0498 WOS:000397115100026 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Journal Of Animal Science 0,848 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
257-269 |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Amer Soc Animal Science |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Amer Soc Animal Science |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Web of Science reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
_version_ |
1808128964720328704 |