Efeitos bioquímicos de contaminação em girinos de Eupemphix nattereri expostos a solos contendo o agrotóxico fipronil e seus produtos de degradação

• Autor(a) principal: Gripp, Hortênsia Sette [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/127795; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/cathedra/01-09-2015/000844472.pdf
• topic: Química ambiental; Toxicologia ambiental; Produtos químcios agrícolas - Biodegradação; Girino - Efeito da poluição - São José do Rio Preto, Região de SP

Fipronil, a phenylpyrazole insecticide, is widely used in the cultivation of sugar cane in the northwest of São Paulo, raising concerns on environmental contamination that it and its metabolites can cause, affecting the quality of water, soil, sediments, and even non-target organisms in the environment in question. Experiments were carried out exposing tadpoles Eupemphix nattereri to known concentrations of fipronil, fipronil sulfone and fipronil sulfide using vials containing 200 g of soil and 1.0 L of water, to simulate the natural environment of amphibians. Then were added 8 tadpoles, for a period of 7 days, to evaluated the antioxidant defense system bodies, analyzing antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation. After exposure, were made the extraction and quantification of analytes in the water and the sediment using a gas phase chromatography technique coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The concentrations used in the experiments were 35,0; 120,0 and 180,0 μg kg-1 soil, these concentrations found in soils with sugar cane plantation in previous studies. It was possible to confirm preferably fipronil and metabolites by lipophilic matrix since the contaminants were deposited primarily in the sediment. It might also observe that fipronil is likely to cause oxidative stress in tadpoles, as changes were observed in the catalase enzyme activity and lipid peroxidation after the experiments, under the three concentrations studied. The degradation product generated from the oxidation of fipronil, fipronil sulfone, also causes oxidative stress in the body, because it has increased the level of lipid peroxidation in two of three concentrations studied, despite no change in the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Moreover, fipronil sulfide product generated by reduction, was the least aggressive to the tadpoles studied, since only in its highest concentration was increased activity of the antioxidant enzymes...