Evidence That ‘candidatus liberibacter asiaticus’ moves predominantly toward new tissue growth in citrus plants
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Outros Autores: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
Texto Completo: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-01-20-0158-RE http://hdl.handle.net/11449/205711 |
Resumo: | ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ (Las) is an unculturable, phloem-limited, insect-transmitted bacterium associated with the Asiatic form of huanglongbing (HLB), the most destructive citrus disease. In Asia and the Americas, it is transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri Kuwavama). Despite considerable research, little is known about the processes involved in plant infection and colonization by Las. This study was conducted to determine whether the basal portion (below girdling) of the plant is an important route for Las to move laterally from a point of inoculation on a branch to pathogen-free branches elsewhere in the canopy, and to quantify the influence of actively growing tissues on vertical upward (acropetally) or downward (basipetally) movement of Las. Nongirdled and fully or partially girdled stems of potted plants of ‘Pera’ sweet orange, graft-inoculated above or below girdling, were sampled in distinct regions and assessed by qPCR, 6 months postinoculation. Las invaded all regions of partially and nongirdled plants but remained restricted to the inoculated regions of fully girdled plants, evidence that in planta bacterium movement is limited to the phloem. In fully girdled plants, starch accumulated above the girdling site, probably because of changes in flow of phloem sap. To study the influence of actively growing tissues, inoculated ‘Valencia’ sweet orange plants were kept intact or were top- or root-pruned to force production of new tissues, and sampled at 15-day intervals. Las migrated rapidly and most predominantly toward newly developing root and leaf tissues. The rapid and predominant movement of Las to newly developed shoots and roots would explain failures of canopy heat treatments and pruning to cure HLB-affected trees, and reinforces the need to protect rapidly growing new shoots from feeding by D. citri in order to minimize transmission and spread of the pathogen by the vector within and between orchards. |
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Evidence That ‘candidatus liberibacter asiaticus’ moves predominantly toward new tissue growth in citrus plantsGirdlingHuanglongbingLiberibacter movementQPCR‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ (Las) is an unculturable, phloem-limited, insect-transmitted bacterium associated with the Asiatic form of huanglongbing (HLB), the most destructive citrus disease. In Asia and the Americas, it is transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri Kuwavama). Despite considerable research, little is known about the processes involved in plant infection and colonization by Las. This study was conducted to determine whether the basal portion (below girdling) of the plant is an important route for Las to move laterally from a point of inoculation on a branch to pathogen-free branches elsewhere in the canopy, and to quantify the influence of actively growing tissues on vertical upward (acropetally) or downward (basipetally) movement of Las. Nongirdled and fully or partially girdled stems of potted plants of ‘Pera’ sweet orange, graft-inoculated above or below girdling, were sampled in distinct regions and assessed by qPCR, 6 months postinoculation. Las invaded all regions of partially and nongirdled plants but remained restricted to the inoculated regions of fully girdled plants, evidence that in planta bacterium movement is limited to the phloem. In fully girdled plants, starch accumulated above the girdling site, probably because of changes in flow of phloem sap. To study the influence of actively growing tissues, inoculated ‘Valencia’ sweet orange plants were kept intact or were top- or root-pruned to force production of new tissues, and sampled at 15-day intervals. Las migrated rapidly and most predominantly toward newly developing root and leaf tissues. The rapid and predominant movement of Las to newly developed shoots and roots would explain failures of canopy heat treatments and pruning to cure HLB-affected trees, and reinforces the need to protect rapidly growing new shoots from feeding by D. citri in order to minimize transmission and spread of the pathogen by the vector within and between orchards.Fundo de Defesa da Citricultura (Fundecitrus)Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA)Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)Fundo de Defesa da Citricultura (Fundecitrus)Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA)Raiol-Junior, Laudecir L.Cifuentes-Arenas, Juan C.de Carvalho, Everton V. [UNESP]Girardi, Eduardo A.Lopes, Silvio A.2021-06-25T10:19:59Z2021-06-25T10:19:59Z2021-01-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/article34-42http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-01-20-0158-REPlant Disease, v. 105, n. 1, p. 34-42, 2021.1943-76920191-2917http://hdl.handle.net/11449/20571110.1094/PDIS-01-20-0158-RE2-s2.0-85099148088Scopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengPlant Diseaseinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2021-10-22T14:02:43Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/205711Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestopendoar:29462021-10-22T14:02:43Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Evidence That ‘candidatus liberibacter asiaticus’ moves predominantly toward new tissue growth in citrus plants |
title |
Evidence That ‘candidatus liberibacter asiaticus’ moves predominantly toward new tissue growth in citrus plants |
spellingShingle |
Evidence That ‘candidatus liberibacter asiaticus’ moves predominantly toward new tissue growth in citrus plants Raiol-Junior, Laudecir L. Girdling Huanglongbing Liberibacter movement QPCR |
title_short |
Evidence That ‘candidatus liberibacter asiaticus’ moves predominantly toward new tissue growth in citrus plants |
title_full |
Evidence That ‘candidatus liberibacter asiaticus’ moves predominantly toward new tissue growth in citrus plants |
title_fullStr |
Evidence That ‘candidatus liberibacter asiaticus’ moves predominantly toward new tissue growth in citrus plants |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evidence That ‘candidatus liberibacter asiaticus’ moves predominantly toward new tissue growth in citrus plants |
title_sort |
Evidence That ‘candidatus liberibacter asiaticus’ moves predominantly toward new tissue growth in citrus plants |
author |
Raiol-Junior, Laudecir L. |
author_facet |
Raiol-Junior, Laudecir L. Cifuentes-Arenas, Juan C. de Carvalho, Everton V. [UNESP] Girardi, Eduardo A. Lopes, Silvio A. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Cifuentes-Arenas, Juan C. de Carvalho, Everton V. [UNESP] Girardi, Eduardo A. Lopes, Silvio A. |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Fundo de Defesa da Citricultura (Fundecitrus) Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Raiol-Junior, Laudecir L. Cifuentes-Arenas, Juan C. de Carvalho, Everton V. [UNESP] Girardi, Eduardo A. Lopes, Silvio A. |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Girdling Huanglongbing Liberibacter movement QPCR |
topic |
Girdling Huanglongbing Liberibacter movement QPCR |
description |
‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ (Las) is an unculturable, phloem-limited, insect-transmitted bacterium associated with the Asiatic form of huanglongbing (HLB), the most destructive citrus disease. In Asia and the Americas, it is transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri Kuwavama). Despite considerable research, little is known about the processes involved in plant infection and colonization by Las. This study was conducted to determine whether the basal portion (below girdling) of the plant is an important route for Las to move laterally from a point of inoculation on a branch to pathogen-free branches elsewhere in the canopy, and to quantify the influence of actively growing tissues on vertical upward (acropetally) or downward (basipetally) movement of Las. Nongirdled and fully or partially girdled stems of potted plants of ‘Pera’ sweet orange, graft-inoculated above or below girdling, were sampled in distinct regions and assessed by qPCR, 6 months postinoculation. Las invaded all regions of partially and nongirdled plants but remained restricted to the inoculated regions of fully girdled plants, evidence that in planta bacterium movement is limited to the phloem. In fully girdled plants, starch accumulated above the girdling site, probably because of changes in flow of phloem sap. To study the influence of actively growing tissues, inoculated ‘Valencia’ sweet orange plants were kept intact or were top- or root-pruned to force production of new tissues, and sampled at 15-day intervals. Las migrated rapidly and most predominantly toward newly developing root and leaf tissues. The rapid and predominant movement of Las to newly developed shoots and roots would explain failures of canopy heat treatments and pruning to cure HLB-affected trees, and reinforces the need to protect rapidly growing new shoots from feeding by D. citri in order to minimize transmission and spread of the pathogen by the vector within and between orchards. |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-06-25T10:19:59Z 2021-06-25T10:19:59Z 2021-01-01 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-01-20-0158-RE Plant Disease, v. 105, n. 1, p. 34-42, 2021. 1943-7692 0191-2917 http://hdl.handle.net/11449/205711 10.1094/PDIS-01-20-0158-RE 2-s2.0-85099148088 |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-01-20-0158-RE http://hdl.handle.net/11449/205711 |
identifier_str_mv |
Plant Disease, v. 105, n. 1, p. 34-42, 2021. 1943-7692 0191-2917 10.1094/PDIS-01-20-0158-RE 2-s2.0-85099148088 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Plant Disease |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
34-42 |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Scopus reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
instacron_str |
UNESP |
institution |
UNESP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
_version_ |
1799965719973068800 |