Características agronômicas e nodulação em genótipos de feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris) inoculados com Rhizobium tropici e Azospirillum brasilense

• Autor(a) principal: Martins, João Vitor da Silva
• Data de Publicação: 2022
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/215964
• topic: Common bean; Rhizobia; Co-inoculation; Genetic variability; Biological nitrogen fixation; Feijão-comum; Rizóbio; Co-inoculação; Variabilidade genética; Fixação biológica de nitrogênio

Biological nitrogen fixation is a primordial process in the bean crop production. The search for technologies that optimize this phenomenon is important to improve bean growth and productivity. The identification of genotypes responsive to bacterial inoculants helps in the proper use of the technology. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate the effect of different genotypes and inoculation environments on growth characteristics, nodulation, production components and grain yield of common bean. The experiment was performed in an area belonging to UNESP - Ilha Solteira located in Selvíria, MS. A randomized block experimental design with a 3x20 factorial design was used, with three inoculation environments (non-inoculated, inoculation with Rhizobium tropici and co-inoculation with Rhizobium tropici + Azospirillum brasilense) and twenty common bean genotypes (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), with three repetitions. The genotypes under study responded differently depending on the inoculation environment to which they were submitted. The traits most influenced by genotypes and inoculation environments were grain yield, number of nodules and nodule mass. Co-inoculation increased the number of nodules mainly in the BRS Estilo and Sintonia genotypes compared to environments without inoculation or inoculation only with R. tropici. The nodule mass of genotype Ling 03 was more responsive to inoculation with R. tropici, with an average of 110 mg, which was the highest value compared to the other genotypes. Grain yield (PHA) was 0.96, 2.26 and 2.16 t ha-1 in a non-inoculated environment, increasing to 2.23, 3.35 and 3.22 t ha-1 in an environment inoculated with R. tropici in the genotypes BRS Estilo, IPR 81 and Imperador, respectively. The Sintonia genotype had higher PHA when submitted to a co-inoculated environment, with an average of 2.42 t ha-1 , compared to the non-inoculated (0.78 t ha-1 ) and inoculated only with R. tropici (1 .21 t ha-1 ) environments. Co-inoculation with R. tropici + A. brasilense also increased the PHA of the BRS Estilo and IPR 81 genotypes to 3.12 and 3.53 t ha-1 , respectively, compared to the non-inoculated environment, which had PHA of 0.96 and 2.26 t ha-1 , respectively. Genetic variability was observed among the studied genotypes, mainly for the characteristics of number and mass of nodules.