Fatores que influenciam a análise de investimento em empresas que possuem contabilização de receita diferenciada

• Autor(a) principal: Rebeque, Anderson Tadeu
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do Mackenzie
• Texto Completo: http://dspace.mackenzie.br/handle/10899/26376
• topic: reconhecimento de receitas; demonstrações contábeis; mercado de capitais; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ADMINISTRACAO::CIENCIAS CONTABEIS

Purpose: This paper aims to identify, along with the financial market, the influence factors taken into account by investors and capital market analysts in decision-making situations regarding investments, through the information evidenced in the Financial Statements of companies that acknowledge their revenues in different moments from their sales. The data were obtained through interviews with investors and capital market analysts, who analyze the Financial Statements of companies that present accounting mismatches concerning the acknowledgement of their revenues and of their sales. There is a difficulty in the interpretation of data by investors and capital market analysts when they study companies with this particularity. Therefore, this paper may help in the identification of the factors that influence the investors in their decision-making process regarding investments in these companies when they analyze their Financial Statements. Design/methodology/approach: This paper was carried out through the application of interviews, which were interpreted in compliance with the qualitative method, and also through the discourse analysis of market professionals. The data were collected through interviews with investors and capital market analysts who are directly involved in the analysis of the Financial Statements of companies that acknowledge their revenues at different times in comparison to their sales. The author selected companies listed on the Stock Market of the State of São Paulo (B3) which operate in the entertainment, air transportation and tourism areas. These areas make use of the practice mentioned in the explanatory notes of their Financial Statements published to the market. Results: We concluded that the accounting information, mainly its content - which is evidenced in the Financial Statements of these companies - are essential and fundamental for investors and capital market analysts to complete their analysis and their interpretations about the company. We could also conclude that lack of disclosure or information misunderstandings presented in their Financial Statements may deprive them of investments. The results also suggest that the capital market is not efficient, since some investors may have more information than others. In short, investors need to complement their analysis with information that are not in the Financial Statements, seeking information about future investments and business strategies with the managers of the companies. They also look for information from suppliers, clients and associations of these companies in order to complete their analysis and make the decision to invest or not in the shares and assets of these companies. Practical implications: This paper presents practical implications for investors and capital market analysts because it raises a number of issues related to the difficulties they encounter when analyzing the Financial Statements of some companies. They claim that information with little or no disclosure can lead to misinterpretations about the financial and economic health of the companies, which may affect possible investments in them. There are also practical implications for the companies of these areas, as they are responsible for preparing the accounting information that is evidenced through the Financial Statements and published to the market, since this paper reveals several issues related to the content disclosed to the market that may be leading to misinterpretations and, thus, may be keeping investors from investing in the company. Originality/value: The issues explored in this paper help to highlight the factors that influence the decision making concerning investments as well as the challenges of investors and capital market analysts regarding the analysis of the Financial Statements of companies that acknowledge their revenues in different moments from their sales. This research provides important contributions that could potentially improve communication between companies and the capital market through the perfecting of the quality of the accounting information presented in the Financial Statements and, consequently, improve the efficiency of the capital market.