O desenvolvimento da cidade de Santos de 1532 a 1930: iconografia e história

• Autor(a) principal: Paiva Filho, Himar Diniz
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do Mackenzie
• Texto Completo: http://dspace.mackenzie.br/handle/10899/26645
• topic: Santos; formação e organização do território; evolução urbana; urbanismo; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ARQUITETURA E URBANISMO

The city of Santos synthesizes, on a local scale, the main transformations that Brazil has gone through since its discovery. This research, supported by an extensive documentary and iconographic basis, covers about 400 years and relates the national and paulista sociopolitical history with the formation and development of the urban structure of the city of Santos. Therefore, it was considered three moments. The first, the longest, spanning about 300 years, basically corresponds to the colonial period until the arrival of the Portuguese royal family in Brazil, considered by many historians to be the de facto independence of the country. At this stage we notice the geographical expansion and the Brazilian territorial conquest. Santos, at this moment, performs among other functions, the gateway to the Sertão. The second, relatively short period, part of the nineteenth century, noted the formation of the Brazilian state although still the idea of nation was incomplete The city of Santos, on this occasion, begins to gain importance as the coffee economy expanded in the interior of São Paulo, boosting the construction of railways and urban modernization. And finally, the third, in the passage from the nineteenth to the twentieth century, with the dawn of the Republic, where the articulation of the territory gains strength and the clear intention of the national integration, more efficiently, to international capitalism. In this historical context, the city of Santos has in its streets the circulation of republican, liberal, libertarian and abolitionist ideals, and abandons its provincial costumes and enters the twentieth century in the pursuit of progress and the modern, even though it was based on the European model. It is also at this moment that the importance of the Santos | Sao Paulo | Campinas as a network of cities capable of articulating and ordering regional and national development. The paths that were once the entrance to Sertão in the past centuries, now organized and mechanized, expanded the area of influence and the hinterland of the port of Santos. These paths were also followed by the immigrants who, by the thousands, were heading to the interior of the country in search of opportunities, replacing the newly freed slave labor. In common, all these 400 years had as their backdrop the passage from modernity to contemporaneity, where we had the consolidation of capitalism as a mode of production and its expansion throughout the world. All this thanks to the technique and the Industrial Revolution. Thus, in order to enrich this research, a brief chapter of the city's history was included in the light of these events.