São Luiz do Paraitinga: patrimônio, reconstrução e memória coletiva

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Tania Cristina Bordon Mioto
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do Mackenzie
• Texto Completo: https://dspace.mackenzie.br/handle/10899/28332
• topic: São Luiz do Paraitinga; reconstrução; memória coletiva; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ARQUITETURA E URBANISMO

The city of São Luiz do Paraitinga, a reference to history and culture of the Paraíba Valley of São Paulo, was ruined by a flood on January 1, 2010, as a result of several factors, among them, the increasing occupation of floodplains, the spread of pastures, and The overflow of the river Paraitinga that surrounds the city. This cataclysm reached referential buildings and the historical nucleus since 1982, by the Condephaat, causing the partial or total destruction of several assets. After this event, the author of this work (from June to December 2011) was involved in the first phase of the Architecture Project for the reconstruction of the São Luiz de Tolosa Mother Church, a building of the listed Historical Center, and one of the main buildings in the city. The proposal involved the reconstruction of the Church, which occurred in 2013, when the Church was inaugurated as it was before the flood and in the same place. In this scenario, the thesis investigated the following problematic: would it be legitimate to reconstruct the referential buildings and properties of that city, as they were? How is reconstruction understood within the history of preservation and architecture? Could collective memory be a response that justifies the understanding of the positions adopted in this specific situation? The field worked was the collective memory and how it assisted in the justification of the reconstruction of destroyed assets. The city of São Luiz do Paraitinga will be our object of study in order to understand this process and to recognize its meaning. The rationale is based on the understanding of the trajectory of preservation in Brazil, the IPHAN (National Historical and Artistic Heritage Institute), the main actors (Rodrigo Mello Franco de Andrade and Mário de Andrade). (From this, studies on Collective Memory and its main theoretician, Maurice Halbwachs, complemented by approximations to Stuart Hall, Pierre Nora, Jacques Le Goff e Ulpiano Toledo Bezerra de Meneses). In addition to the research, we rely on theoreticians like Gustavo Giovannoni, Roberto Pane, Paolo Marconi and Ascension Hernandez Martinez, and the replicas in the architecture subject debated in the contemporaneity. The mention of the Patrimonial Documents dealt with the cultural patrimony, the memory and the reconstruction. In the sequence, the formation of the city of São Luiz do Paraitinga, the Legal Landmarks - before the flood, the description of the disaster of 2010 and the post-flood legal frameworks. We address post-flood emergency actions, the reconstruction of the main church compared to other case studies (Capela Das Mercês, the Dresden Fauenkirche and St Mark's Campanile). The research method involved primary sources, bibliographies, studies of preservation theories, consultations on the reconstruction project and documentation in the bodies responsible for the tipping, cultural heritage protection laws, research and case studies linked to cataclysms and war destruction. The thesis may indicate and contribute to a future reflection on projects and practices of the works that involve this option of faithfully rebuilding as it was prior to the destruction (whether by cataclysms, war conflicts or structural fatigue and ruin), monuments or buildings historical and symbolic. A reconstruction that respects the previous relations existing between the buildings, the city, and the community, justified by the collective memory.