Padrões de distribuição e aspectos populacionais dos peixes da família Haemulidae na plataforma continental brasileira

• Autor(a) principal: MELO, Catarina Cardoso de
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRPE
• Texto Completo: http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8419
• topic: Peixe recifal; Haemulidae; Coral (animal marinho); Manejo espacial; CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS PESQUEIROS E ENGENHARIA DE PESCA

Haemulidae, one of the main families of reef fish in Brazil, besides their great relevance in artisanal fishing, also have an important ecological role, mainly because they contribute to the balance of the environment in which they live, regulating the abundance of invertebrates and transferring nutrients in the most diverse types of environments. The objective of this work is to describe the distribution and abundance patterns of the Haemulidae species in the Northeast region of Brazil, as well as the population aspects and the diversity of this family, considering factors such as latitude, distance from the continental shelf and type of habitat. The differentiated use of habitat for juvenile aggregation will also be considered in this study. The information was collected in two scientific expeditions that took place in August to September 2015, and April to May 2017, along the continental shelf in northeastern Brazil (latitude 9° to 5°S). The species were described in percentage in number (%N), biomass (%B) and frequency of occurrence (%FO), the relative abundance of the species was obtained, described as CPUE (Capture per Unit of Effort) and the dominance index for the species was also calculated. Additionally, the weight-length relationship, sex-ratio, and size at first maturity of the main species were obtained. A total of 2976 individuals were captured, belonging to 5 genera and 10 species. The species with higher N% were H. aurolineatum (66%) and H. squamipinna (23%). In B%, H. plumierii (37.6%), H. aurolineatum (35.4%) and H. steindachneri (10.5%) stood out. The highest CPUE values were recorded for the state of Pernambuco and Rio Grande do Norte. A greater number of species were found on the inner platform, in areas where the predominant habitat was coral and in latitudes higher than 8°S, being H. plumierii, H. aurolineatum and H. squamipinna considered dominant species. Regarding population aspects, H. plumierii presented a higher proportion of females than males, while H. aurolineatum, H. squamipinna, H. steindachneri, Orthopristis ruber presented a 1:1 ratio. The size of first maturity of H. plumierii was 14 cm, 11.8 cm for H. aurolineatum and 10.1 cm for H. squamipinna. The Haemulidae are abundant and biodiverse in the Northeast of Brazil, therefore increasing knowledge about the biology of these species, their respective relations with the habitat and the identification of areas with high ecological importance, are essential to better develop management and conservation strategies, as well as to preserve the integrity of the ecosystem, ensuring that the ecological processes, not only of the Haemulidae family, but also of the various species of reef fish distributed on the Northeast coast, are preserved.