Adubação fosfatada da cana-de-açúcar: disponibilidade de fósforo e formas de aplicação

• Autor(a) principal: COSTA, Daniela Batista da
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRPE
• Texto Completo: http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/4993
• topic: Manejo do solo; Química do solo; Física do solo; Soil tillage; Soil chemistry; Physical soil; AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO

Phosphorus is a nutrient that limits production in tropical soils, which directly affects the culture of cane sugar, for which the phosphorus is widely recognized as an effective practice to increase the productivity of sugarcane, but its management is still subject of study for not having an ideal way of using this fertilizer that will reflect positively on your productivity, made possible a better utilization of this nutrient in culture, greater longevity of fields and, consequently, a higher economic return for producers . Thus, this study investigated the influence of phosphate fertilizer production plant and ratoon cane, to propose a management for this type of cultivation that takes into account physical and chemical characteristics of soils that are related to the buffering capacity of the soil phosphate . We installed two field trials in three different locations in the Northeast: Plant Bom Jesus / EP; Experimental Station Cane Sugar Carpina / PE and distillery Japungu / PB for that, were selected clayey soils (PVAd2) , loamy-sand (PADx) and sandy (PVAd1), respectively. The research consisted of two trials that evaluated the first two crop cycles in a randomized complete block design, with four repetitions, taking a dose of 200 kg P2O5 ha-1 as a reference for the distribution of treatments which consisted applications located at the bottom of the groove of the cane plant doses of 0, 40, 80, 120, 160 and 200 kg ha-1 of P205, dividing the phosphorus in sugarcane ratoon in two doses 0 and 40 kg ha-1 P205, to evaluate the effect of P fertilization in the first trial. In the second test was applied to plant cane in 200 kg ha-1 of P205 at the bottom of the furrow, 200 kg ha-1 of P205 in phosphate, 60 kg ha-1 in foundation P205 + 140 kg ha-1 of P205 in phosphate and 100 kg ha-1 of P205 in foundation + 100 kg ha-1 of P205 in phosphate and 140 kg ha-1 in foundation P205 + 60 kg ha-1 of P205 in phosphate, and a treatment without P fertilization. The P source was triple superphosphate used. At the end of each cycle is conducted in twelve plant growth evaluation, each of the four central grooves, these plants were then separated into leaf, stem and pointer, and the juice extracted, to determine the P these compartments. We determined the yield (TCH) and data technology soluble solids (Brix), Purity, fiber, PCC and ATR. Available P was estimated by Mehlich-1 and anion exchange resin (AER), and its levels correlated with available chemical, physical and mineralogical soil. It is concluded in this study that the extraction and recovery rate of applied P in soils by anion exchange resin did not correlate with any physical and chemical characteristics of soils evaluated; The P extracted by Mehlich-1 correlated with Feo and the ratio Feo / Fed; doses of phosphate favored the productivity of sugar cane plant and ratoon cane for the three soils; Fertilization coverage incorporated into the soil favored the extraction and allocation by the P and leaves of sugarcane grown in soil PVAd1 and PADx, respectively, and finally in the soils with lower phosphate buffer is recommended to fractionate the application of phosphate fertilizer.