Estrutura da comunidade arbórea e da regeneração natural em um fragmento de floresta urbana, Recife

• Autor(a) principal: SOUSA JÚNIOR, Paulo Roberto Corrêa de
• Data de Publicação: 2006
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRPE
• Texto Completo: http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/5537
• topic: Floresta urbana; Vegetação arbórea; Regeneração natural; CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL

In Brazil, greater South-american country, meets approximately 10 % of all biodiversity the planet. Inside of this rich mosaic that composes our vegetacionais formations it meets Atlantic Forest. They is esteem that, currently, this biome is reduced little more than 4% of its original area. The present work had as objective to evaluate the structure of the adult arboreous community and of the natural regeneration of the arboreous species gifts in one fragment of Atlantic Forest, component Bush of a remainder of urban forest, in Pernambuco, aiming at to supply to subsidies action of handling and conservation of the area. The Botanical Garden of Recife, that is situated in the southwestern region of the city of Recife to 08º 04' of south latitude and 34º 55' of longitude west. The fragment it studied occupies an area of 10,72 ha. Its climate is of the type AS'. The annual average precipitation is around 1.651 mm and the annual average temperature is of 25° C. For the study of the horizontal structure of the adult fraction, had been launched 40 parcels with dimensions of 25 x 10m, measured itself all the individuals with CAP ≥ 15 cm. The trees had been measured and labeled, being later calculated the parametersfitossociológicos and classified the species in accordance with its sucessional group. For the study and evaluation of natural regeneration, had been launched 40 sub-parcels of 5 x 5m, placed in the center of the parcels of the study of the adult fraction, where had been showed to all the individuals with CAP < 15 cm,grouping them for height classroom, where C1 = H ≥ 1,0 even 2,0 m; C2 = H > 2,0 even 3,0 m e C3 = H > 3 m even CAP < 15 cm. The survey of the 1003 adult individuals arboreous allowed to the identification of 90 species, distributed in 35 botanical families and 67 genus. Families with greatest numbers of species were: Myrtaceae with 7 species followed of Lauraceae and Mimosaceae with 6 species each and Fabaceae, Sapindaceae and Sapotaceae with 5 species each. The index of diversity of Shannon-Weaver (H ') of the study was of 3,65 nats/ind. The species most representative, orderly decreasing of value of importance had been: Tomentosa Helicostylis (29,88), Parkia pendula (20,72), Dialium guianensis (14,77), Schefflera morototoni (13,36), Brosimum discolor (11,75), Cupania racemosa (10,89), Bowdichia virgilioides (10,58), Protium heptaphyllum (10,56), Tapirira guianensis (9,98) and Miconia prasina (8,42). However, it was observed presence of three species menaced of extinguishing, Caesalpinia echinata, in the category of danger of extinguishing of the official list of species of the threatened Brazilian Flora; Chrysophyllum splendens and Pouteria grandiflora, both integrant ones of the list of the flora officially threatened of extinguishing in the categories vulnerable and reduced risk, respectively. Natural regeneration presented 940 individuals, pertaining the 56 species, 25 families and 39 genus. The families who if had detached had been Myrtaceae with 5 species and Moraceae with 4. Brosimum Discolor and Helicostylis tomentosa had been the species that had been more distinguished, being gifts in the three classrooms of height of natural regeneration. In general way, one evidenced that the Botanical Garden of Recife is developing its sucessional process of efficient form in order to guarantee the phytophysionomy of Dense Ombrofilous Forest for the State of Pernambuco.