Morfologia gástrica, parâmetros fermentativos e metabólicos de Bradypus variegatus (Mammalia: Pilosa)

• Autor(a) principal: ANDRADE, Gilcifran Prestes de
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRPE
• Texto Completo: http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/9672
• topic: Bicho-preguiça; Bradypus variegatus; Estômago; Anatomia; Fisiologia; Bioquímica; CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::MEDICINA VETERINARIA

This study aimed to describe in detail the macro and microscopic anatomy of the stomach of B. variegatus; evaluate the levels of intake, digestibility, digestible energy and digesta transit of this species in captivity; determine pH, ammonia, volatile fatty acids produced in the stomach and evaluate the blood biochemical profile of substances related to energy and protein metabolism. The anatomical study showed a large stomach located in the cranial and middle portion of the abdominal cavity, extending from the left antimere to the right antimere. Topographically, it comprises the xiphoid, left and right hypochondriac, right and left abdominal and umbilical regions. It was found that this organ makes syntopy with the esophagus, diaphragm and liver, small and large intestines, and also uterus in females, thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, spleen, pancreas and kidneys, ribs and intercostal and abdominal muscles. It has large rounded saccular dilations, a conical gastric appendix, and a spindleshaped segment divided into two parts by a medial constriction. The sacculations are delimited by sulci and internally present inflections of pillars that delimit the gastric sacculations and which allowed to propose the division of this organ into the cranial sac, left lateral sac, ventral sac and connecting sac, which make up the aglandular cardiac stomach, right lateral sac and diverticulum, which encompasses the glandular cardiac region, and also glandular prepylorus, which constitutes the proper gastric region, and aglandular prepylorus, which encompasses the pylorus region. It was shown that intake, digestibility and digesta transit are influenced by the composition of NDF and lignin in foods. The chambers that retain the greatest amount of digesta have a pH of 5.2 and 6.2, while the glandular and aglandular prepylorus exhibited a pH of 2.3. The presence of volatile acids such as acetate (54.75mM/mL), propionate (10.79mM/mL), butyrate (5.25mM/mL), iso-butyric (0.67mM/mL), n-valeric were identified in this organ (0.55mM/mL) and isovaleric (0.27 mM/mL) and high ammonia concentration (15.46mg/dL). Biochemical analyzes showed glucose levels of 70.72mg/dL, 82.15mg/dL for triglycerides and 121.54mg/dL for cholesterol. The HDL, VLDL and LDL lipoproteins presented values of 58.65mg/dL, 50.16mg/dL and 16.43mg/dL, respectively. Albumin showed a value of 30.48g/dL and urea showed a concentration of 35.81mg/dL. The particularities observed in this research show anatomical and physiological adaptations of B. variegatus possibly related to arboreal and leaf-eating habits.