Suplementação de metionina, colina e betaína para galinhas poedeiras e codornas japonesas

• Autor(a) principal: SILVA, Almir Ferreira da
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRPE
• Texto Completo: http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8122
• topic: Nutrição animal; Metionina; Colina; Betaína; Galinha poedeira; Codorna; Codorna japonesa; CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA

With the objective of to evaluate the Methionine, Choline and Betaine supplementation in the diet to lay hens and Japanese quails, was realized three experiments in the Non-Ruminant Digestibility Lab to Bird Research of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE). In the first test, was evaluate the performance, the egg quality and the blood Biochemistry levels of commercial lay hens with 24 weeks age. Were utilized 216 lay hens, in a period of 112 days divided in four cycle of 28 days, distributed in a completely randomized design, composted by 6 treatments, 6 repetitions and 6 birds per experimental unit. The treatments were: Positive Control (PC) – ration that attend the recommendations to laying phase; Negative Control (NC) – ration with Methionine level reduction without Methionine, Choline and Betaine supplementation; Negative Control plus Choline (NC+Choline) – NC ration with 800 mg/kg Choline supplementation; Negative Control plus 0.06% of Betaine (NC+0.06%Betaine) – Negative Control ration with 400 mg/kg Choline and 600 mg/kg supplementations; Negative Control plus 0.08%Betaine (NC+0.08%Betaine) – NC ration with 200 mg/kg Choline and 800 mg/kg Betaine supplementations; Negative Control plus 0.12% Betaine (NC+0.12%Betaine) – NC ration with 1,200 mg/kg Betaine supplementation. Was observe that the diets influenced all performance variables studied. For the egg quality, was verified significative differences to albumen, yolk and egg shell weights. The blood elements weren’t affected by the treatments. In the second experiment, was evaluated the performance and the digestive tract development of Japanese quail’s feds with diets with different supplementations of Methionine, Choline and Betaine during the phase of growing. Were used 1,200 quails with 1 day of age and the period was divided in two phases: 1 to 21 weeks age and 22 to 35 weeks age. The designed and treatments distributions followed the same precedents and criteria of first phase. The supplementation of 1,050 mg/kg of Betaine and 250 mg/kg of Choline in diets with 100 mg/kg of Methionine, demonstrated better results in the first 21 days and too influenced the liver weight, intestine and gizzard. At 35 days, the Betaine supplementation of 600 mg/kg and Choline 500 mg/kg showed better indices to fed conversion and relative weight of intestine. The third experiment was realized with Japanese quails fed with different relations between Methionine and Choline during the laying phase. Were utilized 216 Japanese quails, females, with 63 days age. The birds were distributed in totally randomized design in 6 treatments, 6 repetitions and 6 birds per experimental unit. The treatments were composed by the same criteria of the previews two chapters, but with partially substitution of Betaine and Choline in mg/kg by Methionine in accord with the phase nutritional requirements. Thus the treatments were: Positive Control (PC) – ration attended to nutritional recommendation to laying phase; Negative Control (NC) – ration with Methionine levels reduction without Methionine, Choline and Betaine supplementation; NC+Choline – NC ration supplemented with 1,000 mg/kg of Choline; NC+0.07%Betaine – NC ration with 500 mg/kg of Choline and 700 mg/kg of Betaine supplementations; NC+0.010%Betaine – NC ration with supplementation of 300 mg/kg of Choline and 1,000 mg/kg of Betaine; NC+0.13%Betaine – NC ration with 1,300 mg/kg of Betaine supplementation. In the performance results, occurred influence of the treatments to laying percentage, average egg weight, egg mass, feed conversion per egg mass and per dozen. The laying percentage showed better significant effect to NC+0.10%Betaine treatment. To average egg weight and egg mass, the birds of NC+Choline and NC+0.07%Betaine presented more efficiency. To egg quality, the treatments influenced only the yolk weight and egg shell percentage were the animals of NC+Choline and NC treatments presented the better results. To Biochemistry blood levels don’t occur influence of uric acid, total proteins, albumin, creatinine, AST and ALT of Japanese quails during laying phase between the treatments.