Análise epidemiológica da presença de metais no soro sanguíneo e leite cru de vacas leiteiras do Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil

• Autor(a) principal: MACEDO, Alexandre Tadeu Mota
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRPE
• Texto Completo: http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/8234
• topic: Epidemiologia; Metal pesado; Leite cru; Bovino de leite; CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::MEDICINA VETERINARIA

The presence of metals in blood serum and raw milk from cattle is fundamental, since some of them are necessary in small quantities to the normal cellular metabolism, therefore their ingestion is essential for the homeostatic mechanisms of the animal organism. However, other metals do not have biologically relevant functions, on the contrary, they represent a danger to animal and human health. Due to the economic and social importance of bovine farming, particularly focused on milk production, in the Agreste region of the State of Pernambuco, as well as the risks of animal intoxication and contamination of its by products by these chemical elements, the objective this work was to perform an analysis epidemiological of presence of Cu, Fe, Cd, Cr and Pb in blood serum and raw milk from dairy cows in the Agreste of Pernambuco. We used 392 biological samples, from 26 farms, distributed in 12 cities of Agreste Central and Meridional of Pernambuco to analyze the presence of metals and study the risk factors in blood serum and raw milk from dairy cows. The samples were collected from crossbred cows of varied ages and at different times of lactation, consuming water, grazing on the banks or feeding on forage irrigated by the waters of five important rivers in this region. An epidemiological questionnaire was applied to each farm in order to identify the possible risk factors associated with the presence of the elements in the biological samples. Blood serum and raw milk were subjected to digestion by microwave radiation and, subsequently, the metals determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES), using the analytical curve of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0, 8.0 and 10 mg/l. The risk factors related to the presence of metals in blood serum samples were mainly related to nutritional management; region; herd creation system; pollution of water sources; use of chemicals on farms and proximity to farms in relation to sanitary landfills and/or dumps, industrial areas, highways and agricultural machinery. The factors associated with raw milk were related to nutritional management, region, creation system, non-analysis of water supplied to cattle and proximity to highland farms. Knowledge of these risk factors provides support for the adoption of practices aimed at controlling possible deficiencies and/or intoxications in dairy cows, increasing productivity and profitability of herds, as well as milk sanitary control, thus reducing hazards from their intake to public health.