Estudo do comportamento dos agulhões branco (Kajikia albida - Poey, 1860) e negro (Makaira nigricans - Lacepede, 1802) capturados no atlântico sul ocidental

• Autor(a) principal: SANTOS, José Carlos Pacheco dos
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRPE
• Texto Completo: http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/7100
• topic: Agulhão; Agulhão branco; Agulhão negro; Kajikia albida; Makaira nigricans; Estudo comportamental; CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS PESQUEIROS E ENGENHARIA DE PESCA

From March 2006 to December 2011, four copies of black marlin received marks monitored by satellite (Pop-up satellite tags-PSATs archival), near the continental slope, two in the Northeast (marlin-black I and II February and March respectively) and two in the southeast (black marlin-III and IV in December 2011 and February 2013 respectively). The results demonstrate a clear pattern of habitat use with most of the time spent predominantly near the sea surface, in water with a restricted temperature range. Despite the clear preference for surface water, the sauries often performed dives to deeper layers (> 50 m). Aiming to contribute to a better understanding of the current situation of white marlin and black stocks in the Atlantic Ocean, the catch per unit effort (CPUE) of these two species was analyzed based on 92,766 fishing bids by pelagic longline, carried out by the commercial fleet Brazil from 1978 to 2012, inflated by standard models of zero, negative binomial, delta log normal and generalized linear models (GLM) with distribution tweedie error. The frequency of zero catch was equal to 83% for black marlin and 74% for white marlin. The following factors were considered in the analysis: year, month, area and fleet strategy. The total fishing area ranging from 10 ° C to 35 ° S, was divided into two areas, 15 ° S latitude. Abundance of both species indices showed a strong interannual fluctuation. The CPUE of black marlin, after peaking in 2001, showed a declining trend since then, except for 2010, when it grew back. The CPUE of white marlin, in turn, after peaking in 1996, declined until 2006, remained stable between 2006 and 2009, and as the black marlin, increased again in 2010. Exclusively for white marlin were also used models Additives generalized, incorporating data from the fishery and the following environmental variables: sea surface temperature (SST), depth of the mixed layer (dml), chlorophyll concentration and moon lighting index. The final model explained the variability of CPUE, with dml and sst being the most important environmental factors to explain this variation. Higher CPE values occurred at a water mixture layer stretched up to 50 m deep, while the temperature range that concentrated the highest relative abundance was 26 ° to 29 ° C. There seems to be distinctions in CPUE also during the months of the year, with the highest values were observed during the first and fourth quarter. The analysis of annual spatial prediction for white marlin showed that there were a more representative area located in the central portion of the South Atlantic. However, this area does not remain fixed during all months of a year. These results contribute to a better understanding of spatial-temporal distribution of white marlin and thereby infer the possibilities for fisheries closures that have higher concentrations of this species as a possible fisheries management tool.