Antracnose em inflorescências de plantas ornamentais tropicais:caracterização de isolados de Colletotrichum, escala diagramática e reação de cultivares

• Autor(a) principal: BARGUIL, Beatriz Mireles
• Data de Publicação: 2006
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRPE
• Texto Completo: http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/6484
• topic: Antracnose; Colletotrichum; Planta ornamental; FITOSSANIDADE::FITOPATOLOGIA

The tropical flower crop has increased in several states of the Northeast region of Brazil based on the high acceptance of the product and it potencial as a profitable activity. The anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum spp. can affects many of these species influencing negatively the quantity and quality of the final product. The present work aimed: a) to characterize Colletotrichum isolates from tropical flowers by morphological, exoenzimes production, pathogenicity and molecular methods; b) to develop a diagrammatic key for anthracnose on torch ginger; c) to evaluate the response of anthurium cultivars, the effect of inoculation point quantity, and the different development stages on anthracnose development. All isolates presented Colletotrichum gloeosporioides characteristics, by morphological and molecular methods, excepted the DNA from C 23 and C 35 isolates that weren`t amplified with the specific primer. The conidia from the different isolates were hyaline, unicellular and cilindrical, and apressoria varied in shape and size, with dark brown color. The colony color varied from white to dark gray. All isolates showed enzymes activity on specific mediums. Thepathogenicity was variably between isolates. Six anthurium`s isolates and four heliconia`s isolates weren`t pathogenic when inoculated on their hosts. All isolates from torch ginger were pathogenic. Some of them showed cross-infection capacity. Genetic variability was verified by ap-PCR with three different primers. The diagrammatic key elaborated to evaluate anthracnose on torch ginger includ the levels 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 82 and 92% of diseased bracts area. On the first evaluation without the key raters overestimated and underestimate the disease severity. With the diagrammatic key raters obtained better levels of accuracy and precision, with absolute errors concentrated around 10%. Raters showed good repeatability and high reproducibility of estimative by using the key compared to the no use of it. The lesion size development was influenced by espathe age on anthurium. On espathes on stage 1, where the esphathes still closed, the lesions were significantly bigger them espathes on 4 and 5 stages. Bigger lesions were observed with five points per wound on the two cultivars (cvs. Tropical and Cananéia) and isolates tested. Inoculation time not influenced the lesion size oncultivars tested. The incubation period (IP) was variable with cultivars and isolate. The smaller IP for Cg 1 were observed on Astral, Tropical, Netuno and Farao. On Sonate,for Cg 1 and on Farao and Midori for Cg .