Utilização de células-tronco de tecido adiposo humano em lesões de cartilagem articular de coelhos

• Autor(a) principal: Vendramini, Alex Augusto
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USC
• Texto Completo: http://tede2.usc.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/362
• topic: Células-tronco; Joelho; Cartilagem articular; Osteoartrite; Stem cells; Knee; Articular cartilage; Osteoarthritis; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ODONTOLOGIA

Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disorder in the world, which occurs in the majority of people from 65 years of age. One of the most affected joints is the knee, impacting on functioning and independence, and is among the top 10 causes of disability worldwide. With the aging population, the prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) is increasing, and its consequences are having significant impact on society. Thus, one of the goals of modern medicine is to improve the quality of life of this affected population. Recent research focuses on the study of mesenchymal stem cells for the regeneration of cartilaginous tissue. This study aims to evaluate the potential for regeneration of articular hyaline cartilage and rabbit knee synovial membrane from a critical defect using human adipose tissue stem cells (HASCs). Total cartilage thickness defects were created in the patellar sulcus of rabbits. Three experimental groups were studied: group 06 weeks, group 12 weeks and group 24 weeks. In all groups, critical defects were created in both knees. Right knees received stem cell application and the left knees received application of glycosylated physiological solution (control). The degree of joint repair was analyzed through the Histologic Scale for Osteochondral Defects of O'Driscoll and inflammation of the synovial membrane through the Krenn's Synovitis Score. The evaluations showed no statistically significant difference, but it was possible to verify a quantitative and qualitative improvement in articular cartilage repair and in the degree of synovitis in the knees of the animals that received the application of stem cells derived from human adipose tissue, in relation to the knees of the animals that received physiological solution (controls). The results have shown to be beneficial and promising, but additional studies should be performed