Anthropological methods for age estimation in cadavers or skeletal remains
Main Author: | |
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Publication Date: | 2019 |
Other Authors: | , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | por |
Source: | Saúde, Ética & Justiça (Online) |
Download full: | https://www.revistas.usp.br/sej/article/view/167558 |
Summary: | Introduction: The word anthropology derives from the Greek and means the science that studies the cultural and biological aspects of human beings. In forensic medicine, it helps identify the individual by determining the biological profile: ethnicity, sex, age, and height. Of these, one of the most important, in unidentified bodies, is the age. Objectives: To describe the most used methods to estimate post-mortem age as well as recent advances. Methods: Literature review of articles from Pubmed, Lilacs, and academic websites from 1920 to 2019. Results: The age estimation methods for skeletonized and dental elements were reviewed. Cranial sutures are more accurately evaluated in isolation. As for the mandible, the examination of the formed angle is fundamental for the estimation. Regarding the pelvic bone methods, the Suchey-Brooks method is more accurate than Todd's and the Two Step Procedure technique is the most accurate. For the coastal arches, Kunos has the best accuracy. In the context of “virtual anthropology”, the nuclear magnetic resonance is the most appropriate tool. The analysis of the sternum showed a variation of only 5.88 years and the use of the acetabulum was the most accurate for a 10-year interval. Discussion: Forensic anthropology is an area affected mainly by difficulties in standardizing the methods. Despite the description of several studies that estimate age, many are equivalent, such as Lovejoy and Suchey Brooks. In addition, most share the same limitations, such as the difficulty in estimating ages over 70. Another important issue is that the methods are specific to the studied population. So, when they are applied to different samples, the accuracy is significantly reduced: from 83-100% to 30-56% (acetabulum studies). Therefore, the age estimate should be made by association of methods to obtain better results. Conclusion: The most used methods are analysis of cranial sutures, angle of the mandible, pelvic bones, rib bones and teeth. The most recent methods are “virtual anthropology” and the study of the sternum. |
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Anthropological methods for age estimation in cadavers or skeletal remainsMétodos antropológicos para estimativa de idade em cadáveres ou em restos mortaisDeterminação da Idade pelo EsqueletoDeterminação da Idade pelos DentesAntropologia ForenseAutopsiaCronologiaAge Determination by SkeletonAge Determination by TeethForensic AnthropologyAutopsyChronologyIntroduction: The word anthropology derives from the Greek and means the science that studies the cultural and biological aspects of human beings. In forensic medicine, it helps identify the individual by determining the biological profile: ethnicity, sex, age, and height. Of these, one of the most important, in unidentified bodies, is the age. Objectives: To describe the most used methods to estimate post-mortem age as well as recent advances. Methods: Literature review of articles from Pubmed, Lilacs, and academic websites from 1920 to 2019. Results: The age estimation methods for skeletonized and dental elements were reviewed. Cranial sutures are more accurately evaluated in isolation. As for the mandible, the examination of the formed angle is fundamental for the estimation. Regarding the pelvic bone methods, the Suchey-Brooks method is more accurate than Todd's and the Two Step Procedure technique is the most accurate. For the coastal arches, Kunos has the best accuracy. In the context of “virtual anthropology”, the nuclear magnetic resonance is the most appropriate tool. The analysis of the sternum showed a variation of only 5.88 years and the use of the acetabulum was the most accurate for a 10-year interval. Discussion: Forensic anthropology is an area affected mainly by difficulties in standardizing the methods. Despite the description of several studies that estimate age, many are equivalent, such as Lovejoy and Suchey Brooks. In addition, most share the same limitations, such as the difficulty in estimating ages over 70. Another important issue is that the methods are specific to the studied population. So, when they are applied to different samples, the accuracy is significantly reduced: from 83-100% to 30-56% (acetabulum studies). Therefore, the age estimate should be made by association of methods to obtain better results. Conclusion: The most used methods are analysis of cranial sutures, angle of the mandible, pelvic bones, rib bones and teeth. The most recent methods are “virtual anthropology” and the study of the sternum.Introdução: A palavra antropologia deriva do grego e significa ciência que estuda os aspectos culturais e biológicos do ser humano. Na medicina legal, auxilia na identificação do indivíduo pela determinação do perfil biológico. Um dos aspectos mais importantes é a determinação da idade. Objetivos: Descrever os métodos mais utilizados para estimar a idade post mortem e avanços recentes. Métodos: Revisão bibliográfica entre 1920 a 2019. Resultados: Foram revisados os métodos de estimativa de idade em esqueletos e dentes. O estudo das suturas cranianas apresenta melhor precisão quando feito isoladamente. Na mandíbula, o ângulo formado é fundamental para a estimativa. Dos métodos dos ossos pélvicos, o de Suchey-Brooks é mais preciso que o de Todd e a técnica do Two Step Procedure é a de maior acurácia. Nos arcos costais, Kunos tem a melhor precisão. No contexto da “antropologia virtual”, o uso da ressonância nuclear magnética é o mais apropriado. Na análise do esterno ocorreu variação de 5,88 anos e o uso do acetábulo foi o de maior precisão em estimativas que considerem intervalo de idade de dez anos. Discussão: A antropologia forense é uma área afetada, principalmente, pelas dificuldades na padronização de métodos. Apesar da descrição de vários estudos para estimar a idade, muitos são equivalentes, como o de Lovejoy e o de Suchey Brooks. Além disso, a maioria compartilha das mesmas limitações, como a dificuldade em estimar a idade acima dos 70 anos. Outra ressalva é que os métodos são específicos para a população do estudo e, quando aplicados em amostras distintas, há redução significativa da precisão: variou de 83-100% para 30-56% na análise do acetábulo. Assim, a estimativa da idade deve ser feita por associação de métodos, a fim de melhores resultados. Conclusão: Os métodos mais utilizados são: análise das suturas cranianas, ângulo da mandíbula, ossos pélvicos, arcos costais e dentes. Os métodos mais recentes são a “antropologia virtual” e o estudo do esterno.Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. Departamento de Medicina Legal, Ética Médica e Medicina do Trabalho.2019-01-06info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionART.application/pdfhttps://www.revistas.usp.br/sej/article/view/16755810.11606/issn.2317-2770.v24i2p67-73Saúde Ética & Justiça ; v. 24 n. 2 (2019); 67-732317-2770reponame:Saúde, Ética & Justiça (Online)instname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)instacron:USPporhttps://www.revistas.usp.br/sej/article/view/167558/161343Copyright (c) 2020 Fernanda Sobral Scaramussa, Ivan Dieb Miziara, Carmen Silvia M Galego Miziarahttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessScaramussa, Fernanda SobralMiziara, Ivan DiebMiziara, Carmen Silvia M Galego2020-06-18T13:55:50Zoai:revistas.usp.br:article/167558Revistahttps://www.revistas.usp.br/sej/indexPUBhttps://www.revistas.usp.br/sej/oairevistasej@fm.usp.br||2317-27701414-218Xopendoar:2020-06-18T13:55:50Saúde, Ética & Justiça (Online) - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Anthropological methods for age estimation in cadavers or skeletal remains Métodos antropológicos para estimativa de idade em cadáveres ou em restos mortais |
title |
Anthropological methods for age estimation in cadavers or skeletal remains |
spellingShingle |
Anthropological methods for age estimation in cadavers or skeletal remains Scaramussa, Fernanda Sobral Determinação da Idade pelo Esqueleto Determinação da Idade pelos Dentes Antropologia Forense Autopsia Cronologia Age Determination by Skeleton Age Determination by Teeth Forensic Anthropology Autopsy Chronology |
title_short |
Anthropological methods for age estimation in cadavers or skeletal remains |
title_full |
Anthropological methods for age estimation in cadavers or skeletal remains |
title_fullStr |
Anthropological methods for age estimation in cadavers or skeletal remains |
title_full_unstemmed |
Anthropological methods for age estimation in cadavers or skeletal remains |
title_sort |
Anthropological methods for age estimation in cadavers or skeletal remains |
author |
Scaramussa, Fernanda Sobral |
author_facet |
Scaramussa, Fernanda Sobral Miziara, Ivan Dieb Miziara, Carmen Silvia M Galego |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Miziara, Ivan Dieb Miziara, Carmen Silvia M Galego |
author2_role |
author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Scaramussa, Fernanda Sobral Miziara, Ivan Dieb Miziara, Carmen Silvia M Galego |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Determinação da Idade pelo Esqueleto Determinação da Idade pelos Dentes Antropologia Forense Autopsia Cronologia Age Determination by Skeleton Age Determination by Teeth Forensic Anthropology Autopsy Chronology |
topic |
Determinação da Idade pelo Esqueleto Determinação da Idade pelos Dentes Antropologia Forense Autopsia Cronologia Age Determination by Skeleton Age Determination by Teeth Forensic Anthropology Autopsy Chronology |
description |
Introduction: The word anthropology derives from the Greek and means the science that studies the cultural and biological aspects of human beings. In forensic medicine, it helps identify the individual by determining the biological profile: ethnicity, sex, age, and height. Of these, one of the most important, in unidentified bodies, is the age. Objectives: To describe the most used methods to estimate post-mortem age as well as recent advances. Methods: Literature review of articles from Pubmed, Lilacs, and academic websites from 1920 to 2019. Results: The age estimation methods for skeletonized and dental elements were reviewed. Cranial sutures are more accurately evaluated in isolation. As for the mandible, the examination of the formed angle is fundamental for the estimation. Regarding the pelvic bone methods, the Suchey-Brooks method is more accurate than Todd's and the Two Step Procedure technique is the most accurate. For the coastal arches, Kunos has the best accuracy. In the context of “virtual anthropology”, the nuclear magnetic resonance is the most appropriate tool. The analysis of the sternum showed a variation of only 5.88 years and the use of the acetabulum was the most accurate for a 10-year interval. Discussion: Forensic anthropology is an area affected mainly by difficulties in standardizing the methods. Despite the description of several studies that estimate age, many are equivalent, such as Lovejoy and Suchey Brooks. In addition, most share the same limitations, such as the difficulty in estimating ages over 70. Another important issue is that the methods are specific to the studied population. So, when they are applied to different samples, the accuracy is significantly reduced: from 83-100% to 30-56% (acetabulum studies). Therefore, the age estimate should be made by association of methods to obtain better results. Conclusion: The most used methods are analysis of cranial sutures, angle of the mandible, pelvic bones, rib bones and teeth. The most recent methods are “virtual anthropology” and the study of the sternum. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2019-01-06 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion ART. |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/sej/article/view/167558 10.11606/issn.2317-2770.v24i2p67-73 |
url |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/sej/article/view/167558 |
identifier_str_mv |
10.11606/issn.2317-2770.v24i2p67-73 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/sej/article/view/167558/161343 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2020 Fernanda Sobral Scaramussa, Ivan Dieb Miziara, Carmen Silvia M Galego Miziara http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2020 Fernanda Sobral Scaramussa, Ivan Dieb Miziara, Carmen Silvia M Galego Miziara http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. Departamento de Medicina Legal, Ética Médica e Medicina do Trabalho. |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. Departamento de Medicina Legal, Ética Médica e Medicina do Trabalho. |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Saúde Ética & Justiça ; v. 24 n. 2 (2019); 67-73 2317-2770 reponame:Saúde, Ética & Justiça (Online) instname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP) instacron:USP |
instname_str |
Universidade de São Paulo (USP) |
instacron_str |
USP |
institution |
USP |
reponame_str |
Saúde, Ética & Justiça (Online) |
collection |
Saúde, Ética & Justiça (Online) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Saúde, Ética & Justiça (Online) - Universidade de São Paulo (USP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
revistasej@fm.usp.br|| |
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1797053621806825472 |