On the materialities of school: the school uniform

• Autor(a) principal: Ribeiro, Ivanir
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Outros Autores: Silva, Vera Lucia Gaspar da
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Educação e Pesquisa
• Texto Completo: https://www.revistas.usp.br/ep/article/view/47895
• topic: Uniforme escolar; Cultura material escolar; Objetos da escola; School uniform; School material culture; School objects

This text is devoted to situate the school uniform as a historical object, and as an important source on and in the school universe. For that, a literature survey is carried out on this theme, and a reflection is conducted envisaging this artifact as one of the expressions of materiality that give shape to the school form, considering it under the perspective of the material culture. Some authors are used here as references: Richard Bucaille, Jean-Marie Pesez and Ulpiano Bezerra de Meneses in the studies dedicated to material culture; Agustín Benito Escolano and Rosa Fátima de Souza for the works that turn their attention to the material school culture; Inês Dussel and Katiene Nogueira da Silva, authors that deal directly with the issue of school uniforms. Of no less importance for this article are the works that deal with the hygienist movement, particularly those developed by José Gondra. The data gathered and the reflections conducted review two movements (or tensions) not at all negligible. On the one hand, there are evident difficulties found in the adoption of school uniforms for every student, both on the side of the State and on the side of the families, due to the fact that uniforms represent a high cost, especially shoes, an article of limited usage by the majority of the population until at least the mid-20th century. On the other hand, there are indications that this apparel did perform an important leveling function. Through it, the idea was created of the standardization and democratization of teaching, even if only in appearance, apart from giving public visibility to an ever more important social institution: the school.