The role of the cerebellum in schizophrenia: from cognition to molecular pathways
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2011 |
Outros Autores: | , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Clinics |
Texto Completo: | https://www.revistas.usp.br/clinics/article/view/19414 |
Resumo: | Beside its role in motor coordination, the cerebellum is involved in cognitive function such as attention, working memory, verbal learning, and sensory discrimination. In schizophrenia, a disturbed prefronto-thalamo-cerebellar circuit has been proposed to play a role in the pathophysiology. In addition, a deficit in the glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDAf) receptor has been hypothesized. The risk gene neuregulin 1 may play a major role in this process. We demonstrated a higher expression of the NMDA receptor subunit 2D in the right cerebellar regions of schizophrenia patients, which may be a secondary upregulation due to a dysfunctional receptor. In contrast, the neuregulin 1 risk variant containing at least one C-allele was associated with decreased expression of NMDA receptor subunit 2C, leading to a dysfunction of the NMDA receptor, which in turn may lead to a dysfunction of the gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) system. Accordingly, from post-mortem studies, there is accumulating evidence that GABAergic signaling is decreased in the cerebellum of schizophrenia patients. As patients in these studies are treated with antipsychotics long term, we evaluated the effect of long-term haloperidol and clozapine treatment in an animal model. We showed that clozapine may be superior to haloperidol in restoring a deficit in NMDA receptor subunit 2C expression in the cerebellum. We discuss the molecular findings in the light of the role of the cerebellum in attention and cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. |
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The role of the cerebellum in schizophrenia: from cognition to molecular pathways SchizophreniaCerebellumN-methyl D-aspartate receptorGamma amino butyric acidAntipsychotics Beside its role in motor coordination, the cerebellum is involved in cognitive function such as attention, working memory, verbal learning, and sensory discrimination. In schizophrenia, a disturbed prefronto-thalamo-cerebellar circuit has been proposed to play a role in the pathophysiology. In addition, a deficit in the glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDAf) receptor has been hypothesized. The risk gene neuregulin 1 may play a major role in this process. We demonstrated a higher expression of the NMDA receptor subunit 2D in the right cerebellar regions of schizophrenia patients, which may be a secondary upregulation due to a dysfunctional receptor. In contrast, the neuregulin 1 risk variant containing at least one C-allele was associated with decreased expression of NMDA receptor subunit 2C, leading to a dysfunction of the NMDA receptor, which in turn may lead to a dysfunction of the gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) system. Accordingly, from post-mortem studies, there is accumulating evidence that GABAergic signaling is decreased in the cerebellum of schizophrenia patients. As patients in these studies are treated with antipsychotics long term, we evaluated the effect of long-term haloperidol and clozapine treatment in an animal model. We showed that clozapine may be superior to haloperidol in restoring a deficit in NMDA receptor subunit 2C expression in the cerebellum. We discuss the molecular findings in the light of the role of the cerebellum in attention and cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo2011-01-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://www.revistas.usp.br/clinics/article/view/1941410.1590/S1807-59322011001300009Clinics; v. 66, suppl. 1 (2011); 71-77 Clinics; v. 66, supl. 1 (2011); 71-77 Clinics; v. 66, suppl. 1 (2011); 71-77 1980-53221807-5932reponame:Clinicsinstname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)instacron:USPenghttps://www.revistas.usp.br/clinics/article/view/19414/21477Yeganeh-Doost, PeymanGruber, OliverFalkai, PeterSchmitt, Andreainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2012-05-23T16:39:32Zoai:revistas.usp.br:article/19414Revistahttps://www.revistas.usp.br/clinicsPUBhttps://www.revistas.usp.br/clinics/oai||clinics@hc.fm.usp.br1980-53221807-5932opendoar:2012-05-23T16:39:32Clinics - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
The role of the cerebellum in schizophrenia: from cognition to molecular pathways |
title |
The role of the cerebellum in schizophrenia: from cognition to molecular pathways |
spellingShingle |
The role of the cerebellum in schizophrenia: from cognition to molecular pathways Yeganeh-Doost, Peyman Schizophrenia Cerebellum N-methyl D-aspartate receptor Gamma amino butyric acid Antipsychotics |
title_short |
The role of the cerebellum in schizophrenia: from cognition to molecular pathways |
title_full |
The role of the cerebellum in schizophrenia: from cognition to molecular pathways |
title_fullStr |
The role of the cerebellum in schizophrenia: from cognition to molecular pathways |
title_full_unstemmed |
The role of the cerebellum in schizophrenia: from cognition to molecular pathways |
title_sort |
The role of the cerebellum in schizophrenia: from cognition to molecular pathways |
author |
Yeganeh-Doost, Peyman |
author_facet |
Yeganeh-Doost, Peyman Gruber, Oliver Falkai, Peter Schmitt, Andrea |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Gruber, Oliver Falkai, Peter Schmitt, Andrea |
author2_role |
author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Yeganeh-Doost, Peyman Gruber, Oliver Falkai, Peter Schmitt, Andrea |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Schizophrenia Cerebellum N-methyl D-aspartate receptor Gamma amino butyric acid Antipsychotics |
topic |
Schizophrenia Cerebellum N-methyl D-aspartate receptor Gamma amino butyric acid Antipsychotics |
description |
Beside its role in motor coordination, the cerebellum is involved in cognitive function such as attention, working memory, verbal learning, and sensory discrimination. In schizophrenia, a disturbed prefronto-thalamo-cerebellar circuit has been proposed to play a role in the pathophysiology. In addition, a deficit in the glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDAf) receptor has been hypothesized. The risk gene neuregulin 1 may play a major role in this process. We demonstrated a higher expression of the NMDA receptor subunit 2D in the right cerebellar regions of schizophrenia patients, which may be a secondary upregulation due to a dysfunctional receptor. In contrast, the neuregulin 1 risk variant containing at least one C-allele was associated with decreased expression of NMDA receptor subunit 2C, leading to a dysfunction of the NMDA receptor, which in turn may lead to a dysfunction of the gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) system. Accordingly, from post-mortem studies, there is accumulating evidence that GABAergic signaling is decreased in the cerebellum of schizophrenia patients. As patients in these studies are treated with antipsychotics long term, we evaluated the effect of long-term haloperidol and clozapine treatment in an animal model. We showed that clozapine may be superior to haloperidol in restoring a deficit in NMDA receptor subunit 2C expression in the cerebellum. We discuss the molecular findings in the light of the role of the cerebellum in attention and cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. |
publishDate |
2011 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2011-01-01 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/clinics/article/view/19414 10.1590/S1807-59322011001300009 |
url |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/clinics/article/view/19414 |
identifier_str_mv |
10.1590/S1807-59322011001300009 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/clinics/article/view/19414/21477 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Clinics; v. 66, suppl. 1 (2011); 71-77 Clinics; v. 66, supl. 1 (2011); 71-77 Clinics; v. 66, suppl. 1 (2011); 71-77 1980-5322 1807-5932 reponame:Clinics instname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP) instacron:USP |
instname_str |
Universidade de São Paulo (USP) |
instacron_str |
USP |
institution |
USP |
reponame_str |
Clinics |
collection |
Clinics |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Clinics - Universidade de São Paulo (USP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
||clinics@hc.fm.usp.br |
_version_ |
1800222757234933760 |