Magnitude and trend of the AIDS epidemic in Brazilian cities, from 2002 to 2006
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2010 |
Outros Autores: | , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | por eng |
Título da fonte: | Revista de Saúde Pública |
Texto Completo: | https://www.revistas.usp.br/rsp/article/view/32788 |
Resumo: | OBJECTIVE: To analyze different patterns of occurrence of AIDS in Brazilian cities between 2002 and 2006, associating trend and magnitude with socio-demographic indicators and local characteristics of the epidemic. METHODS: This was an ecological study that categorized cities according to magnitude and trend of the epidemic and subsequently analyzed, considering social indicators, types of HIV transmission and year of first case reported. Data came from the Brazilian Epidemiological Surveillance System, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics and the United Nations Development Program for Brazil. Linear regression was used to estimate trend and chi-square statistics and ANOVA to analyze indicators. RESULTS: A total of 4,190 cities (75.3%) reported AIDS cases between 2002 and 2006. Of these, 3,403 (81.2%) had an occurrence of "small magnitude" (mean = 4.7 cases), 367 (8.8%) of "average magnitude" (mean = 30.3 cases) and 420 (10.0%) of "great magnitude" (mean = 378.7 cases). Cases of "small magnitude" were associated with lower incidence; beginning of the epidemic after 1991; presence of one or two types of transmission; especially heterosexual contact; with occurrences of cases in one or two years of the period; and lower human development index (HDI). Those of a "great magnitude" were associated with larger cities and higher HDI; presence of all types of transmission; beginning of the epidemic between 1980/1991; and trend towards reduction/stabilization, especially due to a decrease in transmission among injecting drug users. Growth of the epidemic was concentrated in "small magnitude" cities, although without significance to the point of changing proportional participation (8.7%) of these cities in the group of cases in Brazil. CONCLUSIONS: The AIDS epidemic remains concentrated in urban centers and the spread of cases to the countryside is characterized by irregular occurrence and small magnitude. Cities with low HDI and exclusive transmission through heterosexual contact showed low capacity of increase and the reduction of the epidemic is especially associated with the decrease in transmission among injecting drug users. |
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Magnitude and trend of the AIDS epidemic in Brazilian cities, from 2002 to 2006 Magnitud y tendencia de la epidemia de SIDA en ciudades brasileñas de 2002-2006 Magnitude e tendência da epidemia de Aids em municípios brasileiros de 2002-2006 Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida^i1^sepidemioloInfecções por HIV^i1^sepidemioloImpactos na SaúdeEpidemiologia DescritivaBrasilSíndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida^i3^sepidemioloInfecciones por VIH^i3^sepidemioloImpactos en la SaludEpidemiología DescriptivaBrasilAcquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome^i2^sepidemiolHIV Infections^i2^sepidemiolImpacts on HealthEpidemiologyDescriptiveBrazil OBJECTIVE: To analyze different patterns of occurrence of AIDS in Brazilian cities between 2002 and 2006, associating trend and magnitude with socio-demographic indicators and local characteristics of the epidemic. METHODS: This was an ecological study that categorized cities according to magnitude and trend of the epidemic and subsequently analyzed, considering social indicators, types of HIV transmission and year of first case reported. Data came from the Brazilian Epidemiological Surveillance System, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics and the United Nations Development Program for Brazil. Linear regression was used to estimate trend and chi-square statistics and ANOVA to analyze indicators. RESULTS: A total of 4,190 cities (75.3%) reported AIDS cases between 2002 and 2006. Of these, 3,403 (81.2%) had an occurrence of "small magnitude" (mean = 4.7 cases), 367 (8.8%) of "average magnitude" (mean = 30.3 cases) and 420 (10.0%) of "great magnitude" (mean = 378.7 cases). Cases of "small magnitude" were associated with lower incidence; beginning of the epidemic after 1991; presence of one or two types of transmission; especially heterosexual contact; with occurrences of cases in one or two years of the period; and lower human development index (HDI). Those of a "great magnitude" were associated with larger cities and higher HDI; presence of all types of transmission; beginning of the epidemic between 1980/1991; and trend towards reduction/stabilization, especially due to a decrease in transmission among injecting drug users. Growth of the epidemic was concentrated in "small magnitude" cities, although without significance to the point of changing proportional participation (8.7%) of these cities in the group of cases in Brazil. CONCLUSIONS: The AIDS epidemic remains concentrated in urban centers and the spread of cases to the countryside is characterized by irregular occurrence and small magnitude. Cities with low HDI and exclusive transmission through heterosexual contact showed low capacity of increase and the reduction of the epidemic is especially associated with the decrease in transmission among injecting drug users. OBJETIVO: Analizar el perfil epidemiológico del SIDA en las ciudades brasileñas entre 2002 y 2006, relacionando tendencia y magnitud con los indicadores sociodemográficos y con las características locales de la epidemia. MÉTODOS: Este estudio ecológico clasificó las ciudades según la magnitud y tendencia de la epidemia para, posteriormente, analizarlos con relación a indicadores sociales, formas de transmisión del VIH y año de registro del primer caso. Los datos son provenientes del Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiológica, Instituto Brasilero de Geografía y Estadística y Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo en Brasil. Se utilizó regresión lineal para estimar la tendencia y estadísticas de chi-cuadrado y ANOVA para el estudio de los indicadores. RESULTADOS: Un total de 4.190 municipios (75,3%) presentaron casos entre 2002 y 2006. De esos, 3.403 (81,2%) poseían ocurrencia de "pequeña magnitud" (promedio= 4,7 casos), 367 (8,8%) "magnitud media" (promedio=30,3 casos) y 420 (10,0%) "gran magnitud" (promedio=378,7 casos). Los de "pequeña magnitud" se asociaron a la menor incidencia, inicio de la epidemia posterior a 1991, existencia de una o dos categorías de transmisión, especialmente heterosexual, con ocurrencias en uno o dos años del período y menor índice de desarrollo humano (IDH). Los de "gran magnitud" se asociaron a las ciudades de mayor porte e IDH, presentaron todas las categorías de transmisión, inicio de la epidemia entre 1980/1991 y tendencia de reducción/estabilización, especialmente por disminución de la transmisión entre usuarios de drogas inyectables. El crecimiento de la epidemia se concentró en ciudades de "pequeña magnitud", pero sin significancia a punto de alterar la participación proporcional (8,7%) de esos municipios en el conjunto de casos en Brasil. CONCLUSIONES: La epidemia de SIDA permanece concentrada en los centros urbanos y la interiorización es caracterizada por la ocurrencia irregular y de pequeña magnitud. Municipios con bajo IDH y con transmisión exclusivamente por relaciones heterosexuales presentaron baja capacidad de crecimiento y la reducción de la epidemia está asociada especialmente con la disminución de la transmisión entre usuarios de drogas inyectables. OBJETIVO: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico da Aids nos municípios brasileiros entre 2002 e 2006, associando tendência e magnitude com indicadores socio- demográficos e características da epidemia local. MÉTODOS: Foi conduzido um estudo ecológico que categorizou os municípios segundo a magnitude e tendência da epidemia para, posteriormente, analisá-los de acordo com os indicadores sociais, formas de transmissão do HIV e ano de registro do primeiro caso. Os dados são provenientes do Sistema Nacional de Vigilância Epidemiológica, Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística e Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento no Brasil. Utilizou-se regressão linear para estimar a tendência e estatísticas de qui-quadrado e Anova para o estudo dos indicadores. RESULTADOS: Um total de 4.190 municípios (75,3%) apresentou casos entre 2002 e 2006. Desses, 3.403 (81,2%) possuíam ocorrência de "pequena magnitude" (média = 4,7 casos), 367 (8,8%) "média magnitude" (média = 30,3 casos) e 420 (10,0%) "grande magnitude" (média = 378,7 casos). Os de "pequena magnitude" associaram-se à menor incidência, início da epidemia após 1991, existência de uma ou duas categorias de transmissão, especialmente heterossexual, com ocorrências de casos em um ou dois anos do período e menor índice de desenvolvimento humano (IDH). Os de "grande magnitude" associaram-se às cidades de maior porte e IDH, apresentaram todas as categorias de transmissão, início da epidemia entre 1980/1991 e tendência de redução/estabilização, especialmente por diminuição da transmissão entre usuários de drogas injetáveis. O crescimento da epidemia concentrou-se em cidades de "pequena magnitude", mas sem significância, a ponto de alterar a participação proporcional (8,7%) desses municípios no conjunto de casos no País. CONCLUSÕES: A epidemia de Aids permanece concentrada nos centros urbanos e a interiorização é caracterizada pela ocorrência irregular e de pequena magnitude. Municípios com baixo IDH e com transmissão exclusivamente por relações heterossexuais apresentaram baixa capacidade de crescimento e a redução da epidemia está associada especialmente à diminuição da transmissão entre usuários de drogas injetáveis. Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Saúde Pública2010-06-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttps://www.revistas.usp.br/rsp/article/view/3278810.1590/S0034-89102010005000013Revista de Saúde Pública; Vol. 44 No. 3 (2010); 430-441 Revista de Saúde Pública; Vol. 44 Núm. 3 (2010); 430-441 Revista de Saúde Pública; v. 44 n. 3 (2010); 430-441 1518-87870034-8910reponame:Revista de Saúde Públicainstname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)instacron:USPporenghttps://www.revistas.usp.br/rsp/article/view/32788/35287https://www.revistas.usp.br/rsp/article/view/32788/35288Copyright (c) 2017 Revista de Saúde Públicainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessGrangeiro, AlexandreEscuder, Maria Mercedes LoureiroCastilho, Euclides Ayres2012-07-10T02:19:53Zoai:revistas.usp.br:article/32788Revistahttps://www.revistas.usp.br/rsp/indexONGhttps://www.revistas.usp.br/rsp/oairevsp@org.usp.br||revsp1@usp.br1518-87870034-8910opendoar:2012-07-10T02:19:53Revista de Saúde Pública - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Magnitude and trend of the AIDS epidemic in Brazilian cities, from 2002 to 2006 Magnitud y tendencia de la epidemia de SIDA en ciudades brasileñas de 2002-2006 Magnitude e tendência da epidemia de Aids em municípios brasileiros de 2002-2006 |
title |
Magnitude and trend of the AIDS epidemic in Brazilian cities, from 2002 to 2006 |
spellingShingle |
Magnitude and trend of the AIDS epidemic in Brazilian cities, from 2002 to 2006 Grangeiro, Alexandre Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida^i1^sepidemiolo Infecções por HIV^i1^sepidemiolo Impactos na Saúde Epidemiologia Descritiva Brasil Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida^i3^sepidemiolo Infecciones por VIH^i3^sepidemiolo Impactos en la Salud Epidemiología Descriptiva Brasil Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome^i2^sepidemiol HIV Infections^i2^sepidemiol Impacts on Health Epidemiology Descriptive Brazil |
title_short |
Magnitude and trend of the AIDS epidemic in Brazilian cities, from 2002 to 2006 |
title_full |
Magnitude and trend of the AIDS epidemic in Brazilian cities, from 2002 to 2006 |
title_fullStr |
Magnitude and trend of the AIDS epidemic in Brazilian cities, from 2002 to 2006 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Magnitude and trend of the AIDS epidemic in Brazilian cities, from 2002 to 2006 |
title_sort |
Magnitude and trend of the AIDS epidemic in Brazilian cities, from 2002 to 2006 |
author |
Grangeiro, Alexandre |
author_facet |
Grangeiro, Alexandre Escuder, Maria Mercedes Loureiro Castilho, Euclides Ayres |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Escuder, Maria Mercedes Loureiro Castilho, Euclides Ayres |
author2_role |
author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Grangeiro, Alexandre Escuder, Maria Mercedes Loureiro Castilho, Euclides Ayres |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida^i1^sepidemiolo Infecções por HIV^i1^sepidemiolo Impactos na Saúde Epidemiologia Descritiva Brasil Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida^i3^sepidemiolo Infecciones por VIH^i3^sepidemiolo Impactos en la Salud Epidemiología Descriptiva Brasil Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome^i2^sepidemiol HIV Infections^i2^sepidemiol Impacts on Health Epidemiology Descriptive Brazil |
topic |
Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida^i1^sepidemiolo Infecções por HIV^i1^sepidemiolo Impactos na Saúde Epidemiologia Descritiva Brasil Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida^i3^sepidemiolo Infecciones por VIH^i3^sepidemiolo Impactos en la Salud Epidemiología Descriptiva Brasil Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome^i2^sepidemiol HIV Infections^i2^sepidemiol Impacts on Health Epidemiology Descriptive Brazil |
description |
OBJECTIVE: To analyze different patterns of occurrence of AIDS in Brazilian cities between 2002 and 2006, associating trend and magnitude with socio-demographic indicators and local characteristics of the epidemic. METHODS: This was an ecological study that categorized cities according to magnitude and trend of the epidemic and subsequently analyzed, considering social indicators, types of HIV transmission and year of first case reported. Data came from the Brazilian Epidemiological Surveillance System, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics and the United Nations Development Program for Brazil. Linear regression was used to estimate trend and chi-square statistics and ANOVA to analyze indicators. RESULTS: A total of 4,190 cities (75.3%) reported AIDS cases between 2002 and 2006. Of these, 3,403 (81.2%) had an occurrence of "small magnitude" (mean = 4.7 cases), 367 (8.8%) of "average magnitude" (mean = 30.3 cases) and 420 (10.0%) of "great magnitude" (mean = 378.7 cases). Cases of "small magnitude" were associated with lower incidence; beginning of the epidemic after 1991; presence of one or two types of transmission; especially heterosexual contact; with occurrences of cases in one or two years of the period; and lower human development index (HDI). Those of a "great magnitude" were associated with larger cities and higher HDI; presence of all types of transmission; beginning of the epidemic between 1980/1991; and trend towards reduction/stabilization, especially due to a decrease in transmission among injecting drug users. Growth of the epidemic was concentrated in "small magnitude" cities, although without significance to the point of changing proportional participation (8.7%) of these cities in the group of cases in Brazil. CONCLUSIONS: The AIDS epidemic remains concentrated in urban centers and the spread of cases to the countryside is characterized by irregular occurrence and small magnitude. Cities with low HDI and exclusive transmission through heterosexual contact showed low capacity of increase and the reduction of the epidemic is especially associated with the decrease in transmission among injecting drug users. |
publishDate |
2010 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2010-06-01 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/rsp/article/view/32788 10.1590/S0034-89102010005000013 |
url |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/rsp/article/view/32788 |
identifier_str_mv |
10.1590/S0034-89102010005000013 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por eng |
language |
por eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/rsp/article/view/32788/35287 https://www.revistas.usp.br/rsp/article/view/32788/35288 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2017 Revista de Saúde Pública info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2017 Revista de Saúde Pública |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Saúde Pública |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Saúde Pública |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Revista de Saúde Pública; Vol. 44 No. 3 (2010); 430-441 Revista de Saúde Pública; Vol. 44 Núm. 3 (2010); 430-441 Revista de Saúde Pública; v. 44 n. 3 (2010); 430-441 1518-8787 0034-8910 reponame:Revista de Saúde Pública instname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP) instacron:USP |
instname_str |
Universidade de São Paulo (USP) |
instacron_str |
USP |
institution |
USP |
reponame_str |
Revista de Saúde Pública |
collection |
Revista de Saúde Pública |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Revista de Saúde Pública - Universidade de São Paulo (USP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
revsp@org.usp.br||revsp1@usp.br |
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1800221790948032512 |