Food consumption in Brazil: influence of beef on environmental impact and nutritional quality of the diet
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2022 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng por |
Título da fonte: | Revista de Saúde Pública |
Texto Completo: | https://www.revistas.usp.br/rsp/article/view/204940 |
Resumo: | OBJECTIVE: To estimate beef consumption and its influence on carbon and water footprints, as well as to improve the nutritional quality of the Brazilian diet. METHODS: The amount of beef and other foods consumed was evaluated by two 24-hour food records in a representative sample of the Brazilian population ≥ 10 years of age (n = 32,853) from 2008 to 2009. The environmental impact of the diet considered the coefficients of the carbon footprint (gCO2and/kg) and the water footprint (liters/kg) of the foods, as well as their nutritional quality considering the nutrient composition of each food associated with the prevention of nutritional deficiencies or the increase/decrease in chronic disease risk. Linear and logistic regression models, crude and adjusted for sex, age, education, income, region, and area, were used to respectively study the association of fifths of the caloric contribution of beef with the environmental impacts of the diet and inadequate nutrient intake. RESULTS: Carbon and water footprints and protein, iron, zinc, vitamin B12, saturated fat, and sodium contents were higher in the fraction of the diet composed of beef, whereas fiber and added sugar contents were higher in the fraction composed by the other foods. Dietary beef contribution was directly associated with the carbon and water footprints of the diet and the risk of saturated fat and sodium excess, besides fiber insufficiency, inversely associated with the risk of protein, iron, zinc, and vitamin B12 insufficiency. CONCLUSION: Reducing beef consumption in Brazil would also reduce the carbon and water footprints of the diet, as well as the risk of chronic diseases related to food. Therefore, in order not to increase the risk of nutritional deficiencies, monitoring the increased intake of other foods rich in protein, iron, zinc, and vitamin B12 is suggested. |
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Food consumption in Brazil: influence of beef on environmental impact and nutritional quality of the dietConsumo alimentar no Brasil: influência da carne bovina no impacto ambiental e na qualidade nutricional da dietaIngestão de AlimentosCarne Avaliação Nutricional Pegada de CarbonoUsos da ÁguaEatingMeatNutrition AssessmentCarbon FootprintWater UseOBJECTIVE: To estimate beef consumption and its influence on carbon and water footprints, as well as to improve the nutritional quality of the Brazilian diet. METHODS: The amount of beef and other foods consumed was evaluated by two 24-hour food records in a representative sample of the Brazilian population ≥ 10 years of age (n = 32,853) from 2008 to 2009. The environmental impact of the diet considered the coefficients of the carbon footprint (gCO2and/kg) and the water footprint (liters/kg) of the foods, as well as their nutritional quality considering the nutrient composition of each food associated with the prevention of nutritional deficiencies or the increase/decrease in chronic disease risk. Linear and logistic regression models, crude and adjusted for sex, age, education, income, region, and area, were used to respectively study the association of fifths of the caloric contribution of beef with the environmental impacts of the diet and inadequate nutrient intake. RESULTS: Carbon and water footprints and protein, iron, zinc, vitamin B12, saturated fat, and sodium contents were higher in the fraction of the diet composed of beef, whereas fiber and added sugar contents were higher in the fraction composed by the other foods. Dietary beef contribution was directly associated with the carbon and water footprints of the diet and the risk of saturated fat and sodium excess, besides fiber insufficiency, inversely associated with the risk of protein, iron, zinc, and vitamin B12 insufficiency. CONCLUSION: Reducing beef consumption in Brazil would also reduce the carbon and water footprints of the diet, as well as the risk of chronic diseases related to food. Therefore, in order not to increase the risk of nutritional deficiencies, monitoring the increased intake of other foods rich in protein, iron, zinc, and vitamin B12 is suggested.OBJETIVO: Estimar o consumo de carne bovina e a sua influência nas pegadas de carbono e na pegada hídrica, bem como mesurar a qualidade nutricional da dieta no Brasil. MÉTODOS: A quantidade consumida de carne bovina e dos demais alimentos foi avaliada por dois registros alimentares de 24 horas em amostra representativa da população brasileira ≥ 10 anos de idade (n = 32.853) entre 2008 e 2009. O impacto ambiental da dieta considerou os coeficientes da pegada de carbono (gCO2e/kg) e da pegada hídrica (litros/kg) dos alimentos, bem como sua qualidade nutricional considerando a composição de cada alimento em nutrientes associados à prevenção de deficiências nutricionais ou ao aumento/diminuição do risco de doenças crônicas. Modelos de regressão linear e logística, brutos e ajustados para sexo, idade, escolaridade, renda, região e área, foram utilizados para estudar, respectivamente, a associação de quintos da contribuição calórica de carne bovina com os impactos ambientais da dieta e com a ingestão inadequada de nutrientes. RESULTADOS: As pegadas de carbono e hídrica e os teores de proteína, ferro, zinco, vitamina B12, gordura saturada e sódio foram maiores na fração da dieta composta por carnes bovinas, enquanto o teor de fibra e de açúcar de adição foram maiores na fração composta pelos demais alimentos. A contribuição dietética de carne bovina mostrou-se associada diretamente com as pegadas de carbono e hídrica da dieta e com o risco de ingestão excessiva de gordura saturada e de sódio, além de ingestão insuficiente de fibra, associando-se inversamente com o risco de ingestão insuficiente de proteína, ferro, zinco e vitamina B12. CONCLUSÃO: A redução no consumo de carne bovina no Brasil diminuiria as pegadas de carbono e hídrica da dieta, assim como o risco de doenças crônicas relacionadas à alimentação. Portanto, para não aumentar o risco de deficiências nutricionais, é sugerido o acompanhamento do aumento da ingestão de outros alimentos fontes de proteína, ferro, zinco e vitamina B12.Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Saúde Pública2022-11-18info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontext/xmlapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttps://www.revistas.usp.br/rsp/article/view/20494010.11606/s1518-8787.2022056004830Revista de Saúde Pública; Vol. 56 (2022); 102Revista de Saúde Pública; Vol. 56 (2022); 102Revista de Saúde Pública; v. 56 (2022); 1021518-87870034-8910reponame:Revista de Saúde Públicainstname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)instacron:USPengporhttps://www.revistas.usp.br/rsp/article/view/204940/188605https://www.revistas.usp.br/rsp/article/view/204940/188607https://www.revistas.usp.br/rsp/article/view/204940/188606Copyright (c) 2022 Josefa Maria Fellegger Garzillo, Vanessa Fadanelli Schoenardie Poli, Fernanda Helena Marrocos Leite, Euridice Martinez Steele, Priscila Pereira Machado, Maria Laura da Costa Louzada, Renata Bertazzi Levy, Carlos Augusto Monteirohttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessGarzillo, Josefa Maria FelleggerPoli, Vanessa Fadanelli SchoenardieLeite, Fernanda Helena MarrocosSteele, Euridice Martinez Machado, Priscila PereiraLouzada, Maria Laura da CostaLevy, Renata BertazziMonteiro, Carlos Augusto2022-11-25T15:51:16Zoai:revistas.usp.br:article/204940Revistahttps://www.revistas.usp.br/rsp/indexONGhttps://www.revistas.usp.br/rsp/oairevsp@org.usp.br||revsp1@usp.br1518-87870034-8910opendoar:2022-11-25T15:51:16Revista de Saúde Pública - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Food consumption in Brazil: influence of beef on environmental impact and nutritional quality of the diet Consumo alimentar no Brasil: influência da carne bovina no impacto ambiental e na qualidade nutricional da dieta |
title |
Food consumption in Brazil: influence of beef on environmental impact and nutritional quality of the diet |
spellingShingle |
Food consumption in Brazil: influence of beef on environmental impact and nutritional quality of the diet Garzillo, Josefa Maria Fellegger Ingestão de Alimentos Carne Avaliação Nutricional Pegada de Carbono Usos da Água Eating Meat Nutrition Assessment Carbon Footprint Water Use |
title_short |
Food consumption in Brazil: influence of beef on environmental impact and nutritional quality of the diet |
title_full |
Food consumption in Brazil: influence of beef on environmental impact and nutritional quality of the diet |
title_fullStr |
Food consumption in Brazil: influence of beef on environmental impact and nutritional quality of the diet |
title_full_unstemmed |
Food consumption in Brazil: influence of beef on environmental impact and nutritional quality of the diet |
title_sort |
Food consumption in Brazil: influence of beef on environmental impact and nutritional quality of the diet |
author |
Garzillo, Josefa Maria Fellegger |
author_facet |
Garzillo, Josefa Maria Fellegger Poli, Vanessa Fadanelli Schoenardie Leite, Fernanda Helena Marrocos Steele, Euridice Martinez Machado, Priscila Pereira Louzada, Maria Laura da Costa Levy, Renata Bertazzi Monteiro, Carlos Augusto |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Poli, Vanessa Fadanelli Schoenardie Leite, Fernanda Helena Marrocos Steele, Euridice Martinez Machado, Priscila Pereira Louzada, Maria Laura da Costa Levy, Renata Bertazzi Monteiro, Carlos Augusto |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Garzillo, Josefa Maria Fellegger Poli, Vanessa Fadanelli Schoenardie Leite, Fernanda Helena Marrocos Steele, Euridice Martinez Machado, Priscila Pereira Louzada, Maria Laura da Costa Levy, Renata Bertazzi Monteiro, Carlos Augusto |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Ingestão de Alimentos Carne Avaliação Nutricional Pegada de Carbono Usos da Água Eating Meat Nutrition Assessment Carbon Footprint Water Use |
topic |
Ingestão de Alimentos Carne Avaliação Nutricional Pegada de Carbono Usos da Água Eating Meat Nutrition Assessment Carbon Footprint Water Use |
description |
OBJECTIVE: To estimate beef consumption and its influence on carbon and water footprints, as well as to improve the nutritional quality of the Brazilian diet. METHODS: The amount of beef and other foods consumed was evaluated by two 24-hour food records in a representative sample of the Brazilian population ≥ 10 years of age (n = 32,853) from 2008 to 2009. The environmental impact of the diet considered the coefficients of the carbon footprint (gCO2and/kg) and the water footprint (liters/kg) of the foods, as well as their nutritional quality considering the nutrient composition of each food associated with the prevention of nutritional deficiencies or the increase/decrease in chronic disease risk. Linear and logistic regression models, crude and adjusted for sex, age, education, income, region, and area, were used to respectively study the association of fifths of the caloric contribution of beef with the environmental impacts of the diet and inadequate nutrient intake. RESULTS: Carbon and water footprints and protein, iron, zinc, vitamin B12, saturated fat, and sodium contents were higher in the fraction of the diet composed of beef, whereas fiber and added sugar contents were higher in the fraction composed by the other foods. Dietary beef contribution was directly associated with the carbon and water footprints of the diet and the risk of saturated fat and sodium excess, besides fiber insufficiency, inversely associated with the risk of protein, iron, zinc, and vitamin B12 insufficiency. CONCLUSION: Reducing beef consumption in Brazil would also reduce the carbon and water footprints of the diet, as well as the risk of chronic diseases related to food. Therefore, in order not to increase the risk of nutritional deficiencies, monitoring the increased intake of other foods rich in protein, iron, zinc, and vitamin B12 is suggested. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-11-18 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/rsp/article/view/204940 10.11606/s1518-8787.2022056004830 |
url |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/rsp/article/view/204940 |
identifier_str_mv |
10.11606/s1518-8787.2022056004830 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng por |
language |
eng por |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/rsp/article/view/204940/188605 https://www.revistas.usp.br/rsp/article/view/204940/188607 https://www.revistas.usp.br/rsp/article/view/204940/188606 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
text/xml application/pdf application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Saúde Pública |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Saúde Pública |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Revista de Saúde Pública; Vol. 56 (2022); 102 Revista de Saúde Pública; Vol. 56 (2022); 102 Revista de Saúde Pública; v. 56 (2022); 102 1518-8787 0034-8910 reponame:Revista de Saúde Pública instname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP) instacron:USP |
instname_str |
Universidade de São Paulo (USP) |
instacron_str |
USP |
institution |
USP |
reponame_str |
Revista de Saúde Pública |
collection |
Revista de Saúde Pública |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Revista de Saúde Pública - Universidade de São Paulo (USP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
revsp@org.usp.br||revsp1@usp.br |
_version_ |
1800221803321229312 |