Comércio de pele de jumentos: é sustentável abater jumentos para o uso de sua pele?
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Outros Autores: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science |
Texto Completo: | https://www.revistas.usp.br/bjvras/article/view/174252 |
Resumo: | Donkeys (Equus asinus) face a global crisis. The health, welfare, and even survival of donkeys are being compromised as the demand for their skins increases. It is driven by the production of ejiao, a traditional Chinese remedy believed by some to have medicinal properties. It is estimated that the ejiao industry currently requires approximately 4.8 million donkey skins per year. Since there is no productive chain for donkey skin production outside of China, the activity is extractive and has resulted in the decimation of donkeys. Gestation is 12 months in donkeys, increasing the risk of extinction if such practices are not controlled. In this scenario, the donkeys are collected (purchased for low prices, stolen, and collected from the side of the roads) and are then often transported for long distances, usually without water, food, or rest. The trade, in Brazil, poses significant biosecurity risks, particularly because examinations are rarely conducted and therefore infectious diseases, such as glanders and infectious anemia, remain undetected. Furthermore, in chronic stress situations, the immune system is suppressed, increasing the biosecurity risk, especially because donkeys are a silent carrier of diseases. Rarely there is traceability with animals from different origins being put together in “fake farms”, before being delivered to slaughterhouses. The opportunistic strategy of collecting animals, or buying for low prices, keeping them without access to food and veterinary assistance, is what makes this trade profitable. Our experience in donkey welfare and the global skin trade suggest that it will be enormously challenging and cost-prohibitive to run a trade at the standards required to be considered humane, sustainable, and safe. Although donkeys are being blamed for the involvement in road accidents, it is not an ethical solution to maintain this trade as an alternative. Moreover, the ecological role of donkeys in native ecosystems has not been elucidated, and some studies indicate they could even have a positive effect. Regardless of the future the donkeys will have; we must guarantee a life with the least dignity to the animals under our responsibility. |
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Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science |
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Comércio de pele de jumentos: é sustentável abater jumentos para o uso de sua pele?Donkey skin trade: is it sustainable to slaughter donkeys for their skin?Bem-estar animalSustentabilidadeBiossegurançaSaúde animalJumentoAnimal WelfareSustainabilityBiosecurityAnimal healthDonkey Donkeys (Equus asinus) face a global crisis. The health, welfare, and even survival of donkeys are being compromised as the demand for their skins increases. It is driven by the production of ejiao, a traditional Chinese remedy believed by some to have medicinal properties. It is estimated that the ejiao industry currently requires approximately 4.8 million donkey skins per year. Since there is no productive chain for donkey skin production outside of China, the activity is extractive and has resulted in the decimation of donkeys. Gestation is 12 months in donkeys, increasing the risk of extinction if such practices are not controlled. In this scenario, the donkeys are collected (purchased for low prices, stolen, and collected from the side of the roads) and are then often transported for long distances, usually without water, food, or rest. The trade, in Brazil, poses significant biosecurity risks, particularly because examinations are rarely conducted and therefore infectious diseases, such as glanders and infectious anemia, remain undetected. Furthermore, in chronic stress situations, the immune system is suppressed, increasing the biosecurity risk, especially because donkeys are a silent carrier of diseases. Rarely there is traceability with animals from different origins being put together in “fake farms”, before being delivered to slaughterhouses. The opportunistic strategy of collecting animals, or buying for low prices, keeping them without access to food and veterinary assistance, is what makes this trade profitable. Our experience in donkey welfare and the global skin trade suggest that it will be enormously challenging and cost-prohibitive to run a trade at the standards required to be considered humane, sustainable, and safe. Although donkeys are being blamed for the involvement in road accidents, it is not an ethical solution to maintain this trade as an alternative. Moreover, the ecological role of donkeys in native ecosystems has not been elucidated, and some studies indicate they could even have a positive effect. Regardless of the future the donkeys will have; we must guarantee a life with the least dignity to the animals under our responsibility.Os jumentos (Equus asinus) estão enfrentando uma crise global. A saúde, o bem-estar e até a sobrevivência dos jumentos estão sendo comprometidos à medida que a demanda por suas peles aumenta. A atividade é impulsionada pela produção de ejiao, um remédio tradicional chinês que algumas pessoas acreditam possuir propriedades medicinais. Estima-se que a indústria de ejiao demande atualmente cerca de 4,8 milhões de peles de jumento por ano. Uma vez que não existe uma cadeia produtiva fora da China, a atividade é extrativista e resultou na drástica redução das populações. A gestação dos jumentos é de 12 meses, aumentando o risco de extinção se tais práticas não forem controladas. Neste cenário, os jumentos são recolhidos (comprados a preços baixos, roubados e recolhidos à beira das estradas) e são frequentemente transportados para longas distâncias, normalmente sem água, comida ou descanso. O comércio no Brasil apresenta riscos significativos de biossegurança, principalmente porque os exames raramente são realizados e, portanto, doenças infecciosas, como mormo e anemia infecciosa equina, permanecem sem detecção. Além disso, em situações de estresse crônico, o sistema imunológico é suprimido, aumentando o risco de biossegurança, principalmente porque os jumentos são portadores silenciosos de doenças. Raramente há rastreabilidade, e os animais de diferentes origens acabam sendo colocados em “fazendas fantasma”, antes de serem entregues aos abatedouros. A estratégia oportunista de coletar animais, ou comprar por preços irrisórios, mantendo-os sem acesso a alimentação e assistência veterinária, é o que torna esse comércio lucrativo. Nossa experiência em bem-estar de jumentos e no comércio global de peles sugere que será extremamente desafiador e com custo proibitivo administrar um comércio dentro dos padrões exigidos para ser considerado humano, sustentável e seguro. Embora os jumentos sejam responsabilizados pelo envolvimento em acidentes rodoviários, não é uma solução ética manter este comércio como uma alternativa. Além disso, o papel ecológico dos jumentos nos ecossistemas nativos não foi elucidado, e alguns estudos indicam que eles podem até ter um efeito positivo. Independentemente do futuro que os jumentos terão, devemos garantir uma vida com o mínimo de dignidade aos animais sob nossa responsabilidade.Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia2021-03-10info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://www.revistas.usp.br/bjvras/article/view/17425210.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2021.174252Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science; Vol. 58 (2021): Special Issue: Donkeys and Mules; e174252Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science; Vol. 58 (2021): Special Issue: Donkeys and Mules; e174252Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science; v. 58 (2021): Número especial: Asininos e Muares; e174252Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science; V. 58 (2021): Special Issue: Donkeys and Mules; e1742521678-44561413-9596reponame:Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Scienceinstname:Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo (FMVZ-USP)instacron:USPenghttps://www.revistas.usp.br/bjvras/article/view/174252/169786Copyright (c) 2021 Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Sciencehttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessTatemoto, PatriciaLima, Yuri FernandesSanturtun, EduardoReeves, Emily KateRaw, Zoe2021-07-07T11:31:34Zoai:revistas.usp.br:article/174252Revistahttps://www.revistas.usp.br/bjvrasPUBhttps://www.revistas.usp.br/bjvras/oaibjvras@usp.br1413-95961413-9596opendoar:https://www.revistas.usp.br/bjvras/index2023-01-12T16:44:06.919104Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science - Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo (FMVZ-USP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Comércio de pele de jumentos: é sustentável abater jumentos para o uso de sua pele? Donkey skin trade: is it sustainable to slaughter donkeys for their skin? |
title |
Comércio de pele de jumentos: é sustentável abater jumentos para o uso de sua pele? |
spellingShingle |
Comércio de pele de jumentos: é sustentável abater jumentos para o uso de sua pele? Tatemoto, Patricia Bem-estar animal Sustentabilidade Biossegurança Saúde animal Jumento Animal Welfare Sustainability Biosecurity Animal health Donkey |
title_short |
Comércio de pele de jumentos: é sustentável abater jumentos para o uso de sua pele? |
title_full |
Comércio de pele de jumentos: é sustentável abater jumentos para o uso de sua pele? |
title_fullStr |
Comércio de pele de jumentos: é sustentável abater jumentos para o uso de sua pele? |
title_full_unstemmed |
Comércio de pele de jumentos: é sustentável abater jumentos para o uso de sua pele? |
title_sort |
Comércio de pele de jumentos: é sustentável abater jumentos para o uso de sua pele? |
author |
Tatemoto, Patricia |
author_facet |
Tatemoto, Patricia Lima, Yuri Fernandes Santurtun, Eduardo Reeves, Emily Kate Raw, Zoe |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Lima, Yuri Fernandes Santurtun, Eduardo Reeves, Emily Kate Raw, Zoe |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Tatemoto, Patricia Lima, Yuri Fernandes Santurtun, Eduardo Reeves, Emily Kate Raw, Zoe |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Bem-estar animal Sustentabilidade Biossegurança Saúde animal Jumento Animal Welfare Sustainability Biosecurity Animal health Donkey |
topic |
Bem-estar animal Sustentabilidade Biossegurança Saúde animal Jumento Animal Welfare Sustainability Biosecurity Animal health Donkey |
description |
Donkeys (Equus asinus) face a global crisis. The health, welfare, and even survival of donkeys are being compromised as the demand for their skins increases. It is driven by the production of ejiao, a traditional Chinese remedy believed by some to have medicinal properties. It is estimated that the ejiao industry currently requires approximately 4.8 million donkey skins per year. Since there is no productive chain for donkey skin production outside of China, the activity is extractive and has resulted in the decimation of donkeys. Gestation is 12 months in donkeys, increasing the risk of extinction if such practices are not controlled. In this scenario, the donkeys are collected (purchased for low prices, stolen, and collected from the side of the roads) and are then often transported for long distances, usually without water, food, or rest. The trade, in Brazil, poses significant biosecurity risks, particularly because examinations are rarely conducted and therefore infectious diseases, such as glanders and infectious anemia, remain undetected. Furthermore, in chronic stress situations, the immune system is suppressed, increasing the biosecurity risk, especially because donkeys are a silent carrier of diseases. Rarely there is traceability with animals from different origins being put together in “fake farms”, before being delivered to slaughterhouses. The opportunistic strategy of collecting animals, or buying for low prices, keeping them without access to food and veterinary assistance, is what makes this trade profitable. Our experience in donkey welfare and the global skin trade suggest that it will be enormously challenging and cost-prohibitive to run a trade at the standards required to be considered humane, sustainable, and safe. Although donkeys are being blamed for the involvement in road accidents, it is not an ethical solution to maintain this trade as an alternative. Moreover, the ecological role of donkeys in native ecosystems has not been elucidated, and some studies indicate they could even have a positive effect. Regardless of the future the donkeys will have; we must guarantee a life with the least dignity to the animals under our responsibility. |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-03-10 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/bjvras/article/view/174252 10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2021.174252 |
url |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/bjvras/article/view/174252 |
identifier_str_mv |
10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2021.174252 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/bjvras/article/view/174252/169786 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2021 Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2021 Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science; Vol. 58 (2021): Special Issue: Donkeys and Mules; e174252 Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science; Vol. 58 (2021): Special Issue: Donkeys and Mules; e174252 Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science; v. 58 (2021): Número especial: Asininos e Muares; e174252 Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science; V. 58 (2021): Special Issue: Donkeys and Mules; e174252 1678-4456 1413-9596 reponame:Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science instname:Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo (FMVZ-USP) instacron:USP |
instname_str |
Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo (FMVZ-USP) |
instacron_str |
USP |
institution |
USP |
reponame_str |
Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science |
collection |
Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science - Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo (FMVZ-USP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
bjvras@usp.br |
_version_ |
1797051567932702720 |