Hypothetico-deductivism in systematics: fact or fiction?
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2008 |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (Online) |
Texto Completo: | https://www.revistas.usp.br/paz/article/view/33719 |
Resumo: | Phylogenetic systematics (the cladistic analysis of phylogenetic relationships) is not hypotheticodeductively structured (in the sense of a covering law model of scientific explanation). If it were, there would be no reason to call for total evidence, since that requirement is automatically satisfied in a deductively structured explanation. Instead, the appeal to the requirement of total evidence in phylogenetic systematics indicates that phylogenetic inference is inductively, or abductively, structured. The principle of total evidence has been invoked to render inductive inference an argument as strong as it can be, but for this to be the case the total evidence must also be relevant evidence, i.e., evidence 'of the right sort' relative to the state of affairs to be explained. Character congruence is a necessary condition for phylogenetic inference, but not also a sufficient condition. What is required in addition is the causal grounding of character statements in theories of inheritance, development and function. |
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Hypothetico-deductivism in systematics: fact or fiction? HempelPoppercladísticahipotético-dedutivismoevidência totalevidência relevanteHempelPoppercladisticshypothetico-deductivismtotal evidencerelevant evidence Phylogenetic systematics (the cladistic analysis of phylogenetic relationships) is not hypotheticodeductively structured (in the sense of a covering law model of scientific explanation). If it were, there would be no reason to call for total evidence, since that requirement is automatically satisfied in a deductively structured explanation. Instead, the appeal to the requirement of total evidence in phylogenetic systematics indicates that phylogenetic inference is inductively, or abductively, structured. The principle of total evidence has been invoked to render inductive inference an argument as strong as it can be, but for this to be the case the total evidence must also be relevant evidence, i.e., evidence 'of the right sort' relative to the state of affairs to be explained. Character congruence is a necessary condition for phylogenetic inference, but not also a sufficient condition. What is required in addition is the causal grounding of character statements in theories of inheritance, development and function. A sistemática filogenética (ou análise cladística das relações filogenéticas) não é estruturada de uma maneira hipotético-dedutiva (no sentido de um modelo de lei de explanação científica abrangente). Se esta fosse, não haveria razão de apelar para o princípio de evidência total, já que este requisito encontra-se automaticamente preenchido em uma explanação estruturada de forma dedutiva. Alternativamente, a demanda pelo requisito de evidência total na sistemática filogenética indica que a inferência filogenética é estruturada de forma indutiva ou até mesmo abdutiva. O princípio de evidência total foi invocado no sentido de transformar a inferência indutiva em sistemática em um argumento tão forte quanto possível, mas para que isto ocorra o princípio de evidencia total deve representar também evidência relevante, isto é evidência "do tipo certo" em relação ao assunto a ser esclarecido. A congruência de caracteres constitui-se em uma condição necessária à inferência filogenética, mas não deve ser vista como uma condição suficiente para esta última. O que parece faltar é uma base causal na definição de caracteres em teorias de herdabilidade, desenvolvimento e função. Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Museu de Zoologia (MZUSP).2008-01-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://www.revistas.usp.br/paz/article/view/3371910.1590/S0031-10492008002300001Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia; v. 48 n. 23 (2008); 263-273 Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia; Vol. 48 Núm. 23 (2008); 263-273 Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia; Vol. 48 No. 23 (2008); 263-273 1807-02050031-1049reponame:Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (Online)instname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)instacron:USPenghttps://www.revistas.usp.br/paz/article/view/33719/36457Rieppel, Olivierinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2012-07-15T19:38:25Zoai:revistas.usp.br:article/33719Revistahttps://www.revistas.usp.br/pazPUBhttps://www.revistas.usp.br/paz/oaipublicacaomz@usp.br ; einicker@usp.br1807-02050031-1049opendoar:2023-01-12T16:41:32.405963Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (Online) - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Hypothetico-deductivism in systematics: fact or fiction? |
title |
Hypothetico-deductivism in systematics: fact or fiction? |
spellingShingle |
Hypothetico-deductivism in systematics: fact or fiction? Rieppel, Olivier Hempel Popper cladística hipotético-dedutivismo evidência total evidência relevante Hempel Popper cladistics hypothetico-deductivism total evidence relevant evidence |
title_short |
Hypothetico-deductivism in systematics: fact or fiction? |
title_full |
Hypothetico-deductivism in systematics: fact or fiction? |
title_fullStr |
Hypothetico-deductivism in systematics: fact or fiction? |
title_full_unstemmed |
Hypothetico-deductivism in systematics: fact or fiction? |
title_sort |
Hypothetico-deductivism in systematics: fact or fiction? |
author |
Rieppel, Olivier |
author_facet |
Rieppel, Olivier |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Rieppel, Olivier |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Hempel Popper cladística hipotético-dedutivismo evidência total evidência relevante Hempel Popper cladistics hypothetico-deductivism total evidence relevant evidence |
topic |
Hempel Popper cladística hipotético-dedutivismo evidência total evidência relevante Hempel Popper cladistics hypothetico-deductivism total evidence relevant evidence |
description |
Phylogenetic systematics (the cladistic analysis of phylogenetic relationships) is not hypotheticodeductively structured (in the sense of a covering law model of scientific explanation). If it were, there would be no reason to call for total evidence, since that requirement is automatically satisfied in a deductively structured explanation. Instead, the appeal to the requirement of total evidence in phylogenetic systematics indicates that phylogenetic inference is inductively, or abductively, structured. The principle of total evidence has been invoked to render inductive inference an argument as strong as it can be, but for this to be the case the total evidence must also be relevant evidence, i.e., evidence 'of the right sort' relative to the state of affairs to be explained. Character congruence is a necessary condition for phylogenetic inference, but not also a sufficient condition. What is required in addition is the causal grounding of character statements in theories of inheritance, development and function. |
publishDate |
2008 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2008-01-01 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/paz/article/view/33719 10.1590/S0031-10492008002300001 |
url |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/paz/article/view/33719 |
identifier_str_mv |
10.1590/S0031-10492008002300001 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://www.revistas.usp.br/paz/article/view/33719/36457 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Museu de Zoologia (MZUSP). |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Museu de Zoologia (MZUSP). |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia; v. 48 n. 23 (2008); 263-273 Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia; Vol. 48 Núm. 23 (2008); 263-273 Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia; Vol. 48 No. 23 (2008); 263-273 1807-0205 0031-1049 reponame:Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (Online) instname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP) instacron:USP |
instname_str |
Universidade de São Paulo (USP) |
instacron_str |
USP |
institution |
USP |
reponame_str |
Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (Online) |
collection |
Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (Online) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (Online) - Universidade de São Paulo (USP) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
publicacaomz@usp.br ; einicker@usp.br |
_version_ |
1797051526389170176 |