Reintroduction of vascular epiphytes in forest restoration plantations

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Domene, Frederico
Data de Publicação: 2018
Tipo de documento: Tese
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
Texto Completo: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11150/tde-04012019-091720/
Resumo: Epiphytic species are a key component of the structure and dynamics of tropical forests. Although frequently found in mature forests, these species have difficulty reestablishing in young forests (forest restoration plantings and secondary forests). Recent assessments of young forests shows that there has been success in carbon recovery, mainly because of the success in survival and development of tree species, which produce a forest structure similar to that found in mature forests. However, the species richness is much lower than the original one, especially when comparing the epiphyte species. The objective of this thesis was to answer questions essential to the enrichment of young forests, through the artificial transplantation of epiphytic species, mainly the effect of planting age, the place of transplant, the size of the seedlings and the host species used in the survival and development of the species transplant epiphytes. Eight epiphytic species (Araceae, Bromeliads, Cacti and Orchids) were studied. We evaluated potendial seed storage, seed germination, abiotic factors (Water, Light and Nutrients) that affect seedling production and transplant methods for young forests using seedlings and direct seeding. All epices are orthodox maintaining germination potential higher than 80% after 16 months of storage. Two species of cactus are positive photobatic, germinating only in the presence of light. The growth of the seedlings in greenhouse is strongly influenced by the nutrient supply. Both the fixation site and the size of seedlings do not interfere in the survival and development of the transplanted epiphyte species. The age of the forest is also not an important factor in the success of the transplanted epiphytes, being possible to use young forests (12-15 years). Direct sowing may be a promising method to enrich young plantations, but adjustments need to be made to provide higher survival rates for the seedlings. The transplantation of epiphytic species into young forests is a viable strategy to overcome the natural limitations of recolonization that these forests present. Future research and monitoring of transplanted epiphytes may determine the generality of our observations.
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spelling Reintroduction of vascular epiphytes in forest restoration plantationsReintrodução de epífitas vasculares em plantios de restauração florestalArtificial enrichmentAtlantic ForestBromeliadBroméliasCactusEnriquecimento artificialEpifítasEpiphytesForest restorationOrchidsOrquídeasRestauração florestalEpiphytic species are a key component of the structure and dynamics of tropical forests. Although frequently found in mature forests, these species have difficulty reestablishing in young forests (forest restoration plantings and secondary forests). Recent assessments of young forests shows that there has been success in carbon recovery, mainly because of the success in survival and development of tree species, which produce a forest structure similar to that found in mature forests. However, the species richness is much lower than the original one, especially when comparing the epiphyte species. The objective of this thesis was to answer questions essential to the enrichment of young forests, through the artificial transplantation of epiphytic species, mainly the effect of planting age, the place of transplant, the size of the seedlings and the host species used in the survival and development of the species transplant epiphytes. Eight epiphytic species (Araceae, Bromeliads, Cacti and Orchids) were studied. We evaluated potendial seed storage, seed germination, abiotic factors (Water, Light and Nutrients) that affect seedling production and transplant methods for young forests using seedlings and direct seeding. All epices are orthodox maintaining germination potential higher than 80% after 16 months of storage. Two species of cactus are positive photobatic, germinating only in the presence of light. The growth of the seedlings in greenhouse is strongly influenced by the nutrient supply. Both the fixation site and the size of seedlings do not interfere in the survival and development of the transplanted epiphyte species. The age of the forest is also not an important factor in the success of the transplanted epiphytes, being possible to use young forests (12-15 years). Direct sowing may be a promising method to enrich young plantations, but adjustments need to be made to provide higher survival rates for the seedlings. The transplantation of epiphytic species into young forests is a viable strategy to overcome the natural limitations of recolonization that these forests present. Future research and monitoring of transplanted epiphytes may determine the generality of our observations.Espécies epífitas são um componente fundamental da estrutura e dinâmica das florestas tropicais. Apesar de ser frequentemente encontrada em florestas maduras, essas espécies possuem dificuldade para se restabelecer em florestas jovens (plantios de restauração floresal e florestas secundárias). Avaliações recentes de florestas jovens demonstram que houve sucesso na recuperação de carbono, principalmente pelo sucesso na sobrevivência e desenvolvimento das espécies arbóreas, que produzem uma estrutura florestal semelhante à encontrada nas florestas maduras. Entretanto a riqueza de espécies é muito inferior a original, principalmente quando comparamos as epécies epífitas. Os objetivos desta tese foram responder questões essenciais ao enriquecimento de florestas jovens, através do transplante artificial de espécies epífitas, principalmente o efeito da idade do plantio, o local de transplante, o tamnho das mudas e da espécie hospedeira utilizada na sobrevivência e desenvolvimento das espécies epífitas transplantdas. Oito espécies epífitas (Araceae, Bromélias, Cactus e Orquídeas) foram selecionadas. Nós estudamos o armazenamento de sementes, a germinação de sementes, os fatores abióticos (Água, Luz e Nutrientes) que afetam a produção de mudas e os métodos de transplante para florestas jovens, utilizando mudas e semeadura direta. Todas as epécies são ortodoxas mantendo pontencial de germinação superior a 80% após 16 meses de armazenameto. Duas espécies de cactus são fotobásticas positivas, germinando somente com presença de luz. O crescimento das mudas em casa de vegetação é fortemente influênciado pela oferta de nutrientes. Tanto o local de fixação quanto o tamanho das plantas utilizadas não interfere na sobrevivência e desenvolvimento das espécies epífitas transplantadas. A idade da floresta também não é um fator importante no sucesso das epífitas transplantadas, sendo possível utilizar florestas jovens (12-15 anos). A semeadura direta pode ser um método promissor pra enriquecer plantios jovens, porém ajustes precisam ser realizados para proporcionar maiores índices de sobrevivência das plantuas. O transplante de espécies epífitas para florestas jovens é uma estratégia viável para superar as limitações naturais de recolonização que essas florestas apresentam. Pesquisas futuras e monitoramento podem comprovar o sucesso no estabelecimento de espécies epífitas transplantadas para determinar a generalidade de nossas observações.Biblioteca Digitais de Teses e Dissertações da USPBrancalion, Pedro Henrique SantinDomene, Frederico2018-08-31info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisapplication/pdfhttp://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11150/tde-04012019-091720/reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USPinstname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)instacron:USPLiberar o conteúdo para acesso público.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesseng2019-04-09T23:21:59Zoai:teses.usp.br:tde-04012019-091720Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttp://www.teses.usp.br/PUBhttp://www.teses.usp.br/cgi-bin/mtd2br.plvirginia@if.usp.br|| atendimento@aguia.usp.br||virginia@if.usp.bropendoar:27212019-04-09T23:21:59Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Reintroduction of vascular epiphytes in forest restoration plantations
Reintrodução de epífitas vasculares em plantios de restauração florestal
title Reintroduction of vascular epiphytes in forest restoration plantations
spellingShingle Reintroduction of vascular epiphytes in forest restoration plantations
Domene, Frederico
Artificial enrichment
Atlantic Forest
Bromeliad
Bromélias
Cactus
Enriquecimento artificial
Epifítas
Epiphytes
Forest restoration
Orchids
Orquídeas
Restauração florestal
title_short Reintroduction of vascular epiphytes in forest restoration plantations
title_full Reintroduction of vascular epiphytes in forest restoration plantations
title_fullStr Reintroduction of vascular epiphytes in forest restoration plantations
title_full_unstemmed Reintroduction of vascular epiphytes in forest restoration plantations
title_sort Reintroduction of vascular epiphytes in forest restoration plantations
author Domene, Frederico
author_facet Domene, Frederico
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Brancalion, Pedro Henrique Santin
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Domene, Frederico
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Artificial enrichment
Atlantic Forest
Bromeliad
Bromélias
Cactus
Enriquecimento artificial
Epifítas
Epiphytes
Forest restoration
Orchids
Orquídeas
Restauração florestal
topic Artificial enrichment
Atlantic Forest
Bromeliad
Bromélias
Cactus
Enriquecimento artificial
Epifítas
Epiphytes
Forest restoration
Orchids
Orquídeas
Restauração florestal
description Epiphytic species are a key component of the structure and dynamics of tropical forests. Although frequently found in mature forests, these species have difficulty reestablishing in young forests (forest restoration plantings and secondary forests). Recent assessments of young forests shows that there has been success in carbon recovery, mainly because of the success in survival and development of tree species, which produce a forest structure similar to that found in mature forests. However, the species richness is much lower than the original one, especially when comparing the epiphyte species. The objective of this thesis was to answer questions essential to the enrichment of young forests, through the artificial transplantation of epiphytic species, mainly the effect of planting age, the place of transplant, the size of the seedlings and the host species used in the survival and development of the species transplant epiphytes. Eight epiphytic species (Araceae, Bromeliads, Cacti and Orchids) were studied. We evaluated potendial seed storage, seed germination, abiotic factors (Water, Light and Nutrients) that affect seedling production and transplant methods for young forests using seedlings and direct seeding. All epices are orthodox maintaining germination potential higher than 80% after 16 months of storage. Two species of cactus are positive photobatic, germinating only in the presence of light. The growth of the seedlings in greenhouse is strongly influenced by the nutrient supply. Both the fixation site and the size of seedlings do not interfere in the survival and development of the transplanted epiphyte species. The age of the forest is also not an important factor in the success of the transplanted epiphytes, being possible to use young forests (12-15 years). Direct sowing may be a promising method to enrich young plantations, but adjustments need to be made to provide higher survival rates for the seedlings. The transplantation of epiphytic species into young forests is a viable strategy to overcome the natural limitations of recolonization that these forests present. Future research and monitoring of transplanted epiphytes may determine the generality of our observations.
publishDate 2018
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2018-08-31
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
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dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
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dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv Liberar o conteúdo para acesso público.
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Liberar o conteúdo para acesso público.
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Biblioteca Digitais de Teses e Dissertações da USP
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Biblioteca Digitais de Teses e Dissertações da USP
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reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
instname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
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