Changes in early soybean mycorrhization with the application of seaweed extracts to seeds

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Dias, Marcos Altomani Neves
Data de Publicação: 2019
Tipo de documento: Tese
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
Texto Completo: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-11072019-114812/
Resumo: Sustainable agriculture practices include a better exploitation of soil natural resources. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) plays an important role in this context, with native communities in soils that establishes a mutualistic association with most plant species and maximizes their access to mineral nutrients, especially phosphorus. Seed treatment may consist in a good alternative to stimulate AMF root colonization, since early stages of crop growth, by using biostimulant formulations applied to seeds. This research had the objective to evaluate the early mycorrhization of soybean plants in response to seaweed extracts applied to seeds. The treatments consisted of a control (CTR, distilled water), two seaweed extracts, from Ascophyllum nodosum (ANE) and Ecklonia maxima (EME) species and a synthetic formulation containing formononetin (FOR), commercially used as mycorrhization stimulant. The first experiment was conducted in greenhouse, with the aim to evaluate different parameters of soybean early growth and development and AMF root colonization in response to the seed treatments, under different rates of phosphorus added to the soil (0, 50, 100 and 200 mg.dm-3). The second experiment was conducted in growth chamber, with the objective to evaluate qualitative and quantitative aspects of mycorrhization in response to the seed treatments with biostimulants, at early plant growth stages. In this experiment, the influence of treatments on the structure of AMF, bacterial and fungal communities in the soybean rhizosphere were analyzed, through PCR/T- RFLP fingerprinting. Phosphorus rates applied to soil significantly influenced (P<0.10) biometric and physiological parameters of soybean plants, while the seed treatments only influenced leaf chlorophyll content and nitrogen balance at a significant level, despite some trends to increase leaf area, shoot dry mass and nodulation. Formononetin applied to soybean seeds increases AMF root colonization compared to control, independently of P rate applied to soil, while ANE and EME presented intermediate values for this parameter, not differing from both control and formononetin. When considered some qualitative parameters of mycorrhiza establishment, such as frequency and intensity of mycorrhization, both synthetic and natural biostimulants presented significant improvements, with EME and FOR providing higher values in general. The phenological stage of soybean significantly influenced AMF, bacterial and fungal community structures in rizosphere, while the biostimulant seed treatments only significantly influenced the bacterial community. However, a relatively large variation in the microbial community structures could be attributed to the interaction between phenological stage of plants and the seed treatment with biostimulants.
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spelling Changes in early soybean mycorrhization with the application of seaweed extracts to seedsAlterações na micorrização precoce da soja com a aplicação de bioestimulantes nas sementesGlycine max L.Glycine max L.Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungiBiostimulantsExtratos de algas marinhasFormononetinFormononetinaFungos micorrízicos arbuscularesSeed treatmentTratamento de sementesSustainable agriculture practices include a better exploitation of soil natural resources. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) plays an important role in this context, with native communities in soils that establishes a mutualistic association with most plant species and maximizes their access to mineral nutrients, especially phosphorus. Seed treatment may consist in a good alternative to stimulate AMF root colonization, since early stages of crop growth, by using biostimulant formulations applied to seeds. This research had the objective to evaluate the early mycorrhization of soybean plants in response to seaweed extracts applied to seeds. The treatments consisted of a control (CTR, distilled water), two seaweed extracts, from Ascophyllum nodosum (ANE) and Ecklonia maxima (EME) species and a synthetic formulation containing formononetin (FOR), commercially used as mycorrhization stimulant. The first experiment was conducted in greenhouse, with the aim to evaluate different parameters of soybean early growth and development and AMF root colonization in response to the seed treatments, under different rates of phosphorus added to the soil (0, 50, 100 and 200 mg.dm-3). The second experiment was conducted in growth chamber, with the objective to evaluate qualitative and quantitative aspects of mycorrhization in response to the seed treatments with biostimulants, at early plant growth stages. In this experiment, the influence of treatments on the structure of AMF, bacterial and fungal communities in the soybean rhizosphere were analyzed, through PCR/T- RFLP fingerprinting. Phosphorus rates applied to soil significantly influenced (P<0.10) biometric and physiological parameters of soybean plants, while the seed treatments only influenced leaf chlorophyll content and nitrogen balance at a significant level, despite some trends to increase leaf area, shoot dry mass and nodulation. Formononetin applied to soybean seeds increases AMF root colonization compared to control, independently of P rate applied to soil, while ANE and EME presented intermediate values for this parameter, not differing from both control and formononetin. When considered some qualitative parameters of mycorrhiza establishment, such as frequency and intensity of mycorrhization, both synthetic and natural biostimulants presented significant improvements, with EME and FOR providing higher values in general. The phenological stage of soybean significantly influenced AMF, bacterial and fungal community structures in rizosphere, while the biostimulant seed treatments only significantly influenced the bacterial community. However, a relatively large variation in the microbial community structures could be attributed to the interaction between phenological stage of plants and the seed treatment with biostimulants.Práticas agrícolas sustentáveis incluem uma melhor exploração dos recursos naturais do solo. Os fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA) desempenham um papel importante neste contexto, com comunidades nativas nos solos que estabelecem uma associação mutualística com a maioria das espécies cultivadas e maximizam o acesso a nutrientes minerais, especialmente o fósforo. O tratamento de sementes pode consistir em uma alternativa interessante para estimular a colonização por FMA, desde estádios iniciais de crescimento da cultura, utilizando formulações de bioestimulantes aplicadas às sementes. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a micorrização precoce de plantas de soja em resposta a extratos de algas aplicados nas sementes. Os tratamentos consistiram de uma testemunha (CTR, água destilada), dois extratos de algas marinhas, das espécies Ascophyllum nodosum (ANE) e Ecklonia máxima (EME) e uma formulação sintética contendo formononetina (FOR), comercialmente utilizada como estimulante de micorrização. O primeiro experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, com o objetivo de avaliar diferentes parâmetros de crescimento e desenvolvimento inicial das plantas de soja e a colonização de raízes por FMA, em resposta aos tratamentos de sementes; estas avaliações foram realizadas sob diferentes doses de fósforo adicionadas ao solo (0, 50, 100 e 200 mg.dm-3). O segundo experimento foi conduzido em câmara de crescimento, com o objetivo de avaliar aspectos qualitativos e quantitativos da micorrização em resposta ao tratamento de sementes com bioestimulantes, nas fases iniciais de crescimento das plantas. Neste experimento, analisou-se a influência dos tratamentos na estrutura de comunidades de FMA, bactérias e fungos na rizosfera das plantas de soja, através de PCR/T-RFLP. As doses de fósforo aplicadas no solo influenciaram significativamente (P<0,10) nos parâmetros biométricos e fisiológicos das plantas de soja, enquanto os tratamentos de sementes influenciaram significativamente apenas o teor de clorofila e o balanço de nitrogênio. A formononetina aplicada nas sementes de soja aumentou a colonização da raiz por FMA em relação ao controle, independentemente da dose de P aplicada ao solo, enquanto ANE e EME apresentaram valores intermediários para este parâmetro, não diferindo tanto da testemunha como da formononetina. Quando considerados alguns parâmetros qualitativos do estabelecimento de micorrizas, tanto os bioestimulantes sintéticos como os naturais apresentaram melhorias significativas. O estádio fenológico da soja influenciou significativamente as estruturas de comunidades de FMA, bactérias e fungos na rizosfera das plantas de soja, enquanto os tratamentos de sementes com bioestimulantes somente influenciaram significativamente a comunidade bacteriana. No entanto, uma variação relativamente grande nas estruturas da comunidade microbiana pôde ser atribuída à interação entre estádio fenológico das plantas e o tratamento de sementes com bioestimulantes.Biblioteca Digitais de Teses e Dissertações da USPAndreote, Fernando DiniCicero, Silvio MoureDias, Marcos Altomani Neves2019-02-26info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisapplication/pdfhttp://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-11072019-114812/reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USPinstname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)instacron:USPLiberar o conteúdo para acesso público.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesseng2019-07-25T23:18:41Zoai:teses.usp.br:tde-11072019-114812Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttp://www.teses.usp.br/PUBhttp://www.teses.usp.br/cgi-bin/mtd2br.plvirginia@if.usp.br|| atendimento@aguia.usp.br||virginia@if.usp.bropendoar:27212019-07-25T23:18:41Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Changes in early soybean mycorrhization with the application of seaweed extracts to seeds
Alterações na micorrização precoce da soja com a aplicação de bioestimulantes nas sementes
title Changes in early soybean mycorrhization with the application of seaweed extracts to seeds
spellingShingle Changes in early soybean mycorrhization with the application of seaweed extracts to seeds
Dias, Marcos Altomani Neves
Glycine max L.
Glycine max L.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
Biostimulants
Extratos de algas marinhas
Formononetin
Formononetina
Fungos micorrízicos arbusculares
Seed treatment
Tratamento de sementes
title_short Changes in early soybean mycorrhization with the application of seaweed extracts to seeds
title_full Changes in early soybean mycorrhization with the application of seaweed extracts to seeds
title_fullStr Changes in early soybean mycorrhization with the application of seaweed extracts to seeds
title_full_unstemmed Changes in early soybean mycorrhization with the application of seaweed extracts to seeds
title_sort Changes in early soybean mycorrhization with the application of seaweed extracts to seeds
author Dias, Marcos Altomani Neves
author_facet Dias, Marcos Altomani Neves
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Andreote, Fernando Dini
Cicero, Silvio Moure
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Dias, Marcos Altomani Neves
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Glycine max L.
Glycine max L.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
Biostimulants
Extratos de algas marinhas
Formononetin
Formononetina
Fungos micorrízicos arbusculares
Seed treatment
Tratamento de sementes
topic Glycine max L.
Glycine max L.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
Biostimulants
Extratos de algas marinhas
Formononetin
Formononetina
Fungos micorrízicos arbusculares
Seed treatment
Tratamento de sementes
description Sustainable agriculture practices include a better exploitation of soil natural resources. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) plays an important role in this context, with native communities in soils that establishes a mutualistic association with most plant species and maximizes their access to mineral nutrients, especially phosphorus. Seed treatment may consist in a good alternative to stimulate AMF root colonization, since early stages of crop growth, by using biostimulant formulations applied to seeds. This research had the objective to evaluate the early mycorrhization of soybean plants in response to seaweed extracts applied to seeds. The treatments consisted of a control (CTR, distilled water), two seaweed extracts, from Ascophyllum nodosum (ANE) and Ecklonia maxima (EME) species and a synthetic formulation containing formononetin (FOR), commercially used as mycorrhization stimulant. The first experiment was conducted in greenhouse, with the aim to evaluate different parameters of soybean early growth and development and AMF root colonization in response to the seed treatments, under different rates of phosphorus added to the soil (0, 50, 100 and 200 mg.dm-3). The second experiment was conducted in growth chamber, with the objective to evaluate qualitative and quantitative aspects of mycorrhization in response to the seed treatments with biostimulants, at early plant growth stages. In this experiment, the influence of treatments on the structure of AMF, bacterial and fungal communities in the soybean rhizosphere were analyzed, through PCR/T- RFLP fingerprinting. Phosphorus rates applied to soil significantly influenced (P<0.10) biometric and physiological parameters of soybean plants, while the seed treatments only influenced leaf chlorophyll content and nitrogen balance at a significant level, despite some trends to increase leaf area, shoot dry mass and nodulation. Formononetin applied to soybean seeds increases AMF root colonization compared to control, independently of P rate applied to soil, while ANE and EME presented intermediate values for this parameter, not differing from both control and formononetin. When considered some qualitative parameters of mycorrhiza establishment, such as frequency and intensity of mycorrhization, both synthetic and natural biostimulants presented significant improvements, with EME and FOR providing higher values in general. The phenological stage of soybean significantly influenced AMF, bacterial and fungal community structures in rizosphere, while the biostimulant seed treatments only significantly influenced the bacterial community. However, a relatively large variation in the microbial community structures could be attributed to the interaction between phenological stage of plants and the seed treatment with biostimulants.
publishDate 2019
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2019-02-26
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
format doctoralThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-11072019-114812/
url http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-11072019-114812/
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv Liberar o conteúdo para acesso público.
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Liberar o conteúdo para acesso público.
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.coverage.none.fl_str_mv
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Biblioteca Digitais de Teses e Dissertações da USP
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Biblioteca Digitais de Teses e Dissertações da USP
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv
reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
instname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
instacron:USP
instname_str Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
instacron_str USP
institution USP
reponame_str Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
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repository.name.fl_str_mv Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
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