Glycemia and farrowing traits in pigs: exploring the association between energetic metabolism and farrowing traits in pigs

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Carnevale, Rafaella Fernandes
Data de Publicação: 2022
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
Texto Completo: https://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10135/tde-20012023-121833/
Resumo: Delivering piglets is one of the most demanding activities sows undergo in their lifetime. Sows can have myometrial contractions from two to 12 hours before the first piglet is expelled and also have a nest building behavior. Thus, when the first piglet is delivered the female has already used part of her energy supply. When the sow gets exhausted due to lack of energy, the farrowing process is interrupted, causing great damage to the viability and vitality of the piglets. In this sense, the present study had three main objectives: (1) evaluate how different ingredients modulate the glycemic curve of swine aiming to develop of an energetic supplement to be fed to parturient sows to improve glycemia and farrowing kinetics; (2) evaluate if the peripheral glycemia (measured on ear vein) of sows at the onset of farrowing is related to farrowing traits and, identify risk and protective factors, quantify their effect, and understand how peripheral glycemia interacts with farrowing kinetics; (3) orally fed sows an innovative energetic supplement at onset of farrowing aiming to increase available energy to the uterus, decrease farrowing duration and benefit piglets ’ vitality. Based on the glycemic curves of the studied ingredients, malt extract, resistant starch and glycerol were chosen to compose the energetic supplement. In the second trial, datasets from four farm with sows ’ characteristics and farrowing data were collected. Glycemia was assessed with a portable glucometer, the measurement was performed immediately after the birth of the first piglets, considered as the initial glycemia (IGly) and at the end of farrowing, considered as the final glycemia (FGly). The use of oxytocin, manual assistance and IGly were negatively associated to farrowing duration, whilst total piglets born, and parity were positively associated to farrowing duration. IGly was negatively associated with fasting period (p<0.05). IGly can be used as a tool to identify sows more prone to prolonged farrowing duration The results suggests that the glucose metabolism during farrowing is different and dependent on the glycemia at the onset of farrowing. In the third trial, 180 hybrid commercial sows were blocked according to parity and considered as an experimental unit. Animals were allocated to one of the following treatments: SUP (females supplemented with energetic supplement; n = 95) and CON (non-supplemented females; n = 85). Glycemia was measured at 0. 20. 40, 80 and 180 (T0, T20, T40, T80 and T180, respectively) minutes after farrowing onset. Farrowing kinetics were recorded. Piglets were evaluated for vitality in a score ranging from 0 to 10. Farrowing duration was shorter (p < 0.05) for SUP-sows compared to CON-sows. Glycemia at T0 was similar for both groups (p> 0.05). Sows which received the energy supplement had higher blood glucose (p<0.05) at T20 and T40. At T80 and T180 glycemia did not differ (p> 0.05) between CON-sows and SUP. The 17th and 20th piglets born from CON-sows had decreased values of vitality score (p<0.05) when compared to the same birth order piglets born in the SUP group.
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spelling Glycemia and farrowing traits in pigs: exploring the association between energetic metabolism and farrowing traits in pigsGlicemia e características de parto em suínos: explorando a associação entre metabolismo energético e características de parto em suínosCarbohydratesCarboidratosGlicoseGlucosePartoParturitionPorcasSowsVitalidadeVitalityDelivering piglets is one of the most demanding activities sows undergo in their lifetime. Sows can have myometrial contractions from two to 12 hours before the first piglet is expelled and also have a nest building behavior. Thus, when the first piglet is delivered the female has already used part of her energy supply. When the sow gets exhausted due to lack of energy, the farrowing process is interrupted, causing great damage to the viability and vitality of the piglets. In this sense, the present study had three main objectives: (1) evaluate how different ingredients modulate the glycemic curve of swine aiming to develop of an energetic supplement to be fed to parturient sows to improve glycemia and farrowing kinetics; (2) evaluate if the peripheral glycemia (measured on ear vein) of sows at the onset of farrowing is related to farrowing traits and, identify risk and protective factors, quantify their effect, and understand how peripheral glycemia interacts with farrowing kinetics; (3) orally fed sows an innovative energetic supplement at onset of farrowing aiming to increase available energy to the uterus, decrease farrowing duration and benefit piglets ’ vitality. Based on the glycemic curves of the studied ingredients, malt extract, resistant starch and glycerol were chosen to compose the energetic supplement. In the second trial, datasets from four farm with sows ’ characteristics and farrowing data were collected. Glycemia was assessed with a portable glucometer, the measurement was performed immediately after the birth of the first piglets, considered as the initial glycemia (IGly) and at the end of farrowing, considered as the final glycemia (FGly). The use of oxytocin, manual assistance and IGly were negatively associated to farrowing duration, whilst total piglets born, and parity were positively associated to farrowing duration. IGly was negatively associated with fasting period (p<0.05). IGly can be used as a tool to identify sows more prone to prolonged farrowing duration The results suggests that the glucose metabolism during farrowing is different and dependent on the glycemia at the onset of farrowing. In the third trial, 180 hybrid commercial sows were blocked according to parity and considered as an experimental unit. Animals were allocated to one of the following treatments: SUP (females supplemented with energetic supplement; n = 95) and CON (non-supplemented females; n = 85). Glycemia was measured at 0. 20. 40, 80 and 180 (T0, T20, T40, T80 and T180, respectively) minutes after farrowing onset. Farrowing kinetics were recorded. Piglets were evaluated for vitality in a score ranging from 0 to 10. Farrowing duration was shorter (p < 0.05) for SUP-sows compared to CON-sows. Glycemia at T0 was similar for both groups (p> 0.05). Sows which received the energy supplement had higher blood glucose (p<0.05) at T20 and T40. At T80 and T180 glycemia did not differ (p> 0.05) between CON-sows and SUP. The 17th and 20th piglets born from CON-sows had decreased values of vitality score (p<0.05) when compared to the same birth order piglets born in the SUP group.O processo de parto é uma das atividades mais demandantes de energia que as fêmeas suínas passam em suas vidas. As porcas podem ter contrações miometriais de duas a 12 horas antes da expulsão do primeiro leitão, além do comportamento de construção de ninhos. Dessa forma, quando o primeiro leitão nasce, a fêmea já usou grande parte do seu suprimento de energia. Quando a fêmea entra em exaustão por falta de energia, o processo de parto é interrompido, gerando grandes prejuízos a viabilidade e vitalidade dos leitões. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo teve três objetivos principais: (1) avaliar como ingredientes modulam a curva glicêmica de suínos, visando o desenvolvimento de um suplemento energético a ser fornecido a porcas parturientes; (2) avaliar se a glicemia periférica (medida na veia auricular) de porcas está relacionada com características do parto e, identificar fatores de risco e proteção, quantificar seus efeitos e entender como a glicemia periférica interage com a cinética do parto; (3) fornecer um suplemento energético para fêmeas no início do parto com o objetivo de aumentar a energia disponível para o útero, diminuir a duração do parto e beneficiar a vitalidade dos leitões. Com base nas curvas glicêmicas dos ingredientes estudados, foram escolhidos extrato de malte, amido resistente e glicerol para compor o suplemento energético. No segundo estudo, bancos de dados de quatro granjas com características de porcas e dados de parto foram utilizados. A glicemia foi avaliada com um glicosímetro portátil, imediatamente após o nascimento do primeiro leitão, considerada como glicemia inicial (IGly) e ao final do parto, considerada como glicemia final (FGly). O uso de ocitocina, assistência manual e IGly foram negativamente associados à duração do parto, enquanto o número de nascidos totais e a ordem de parto da fêmea foram positivamente associados à duração do parto. A IGly associou-se negativamente ao período de jejum (p <0,05). A IGly pode ser usado como ferramenta para identificar porcas mais propensas à duração prolongada do parto. No terceiro estudo, 180 porcas híbridas comerciais foram blocadas de acordo com a ordem departo e consideradas como unidade experimental. Os animais foram alocados em um dos seguintes tratamentos: SUP (fêmeas que receberam com suplemento energético; n = 95) e CON (fêmeas não suplementadas; n = 85). A glicemia foi mensurada após 0, 20, 40, 80 e 180 minutos após o início do parto (T0, T20, T40, T80 e T180, respectivamente). A cinética do parto foi registrada. Os leitões foram avaliados quanto à vitalidade em uma escala de 0 a 10. A duração do parto foi menor (p <0,05) para 11 porcas SUP em comparação com porcas CON. A glicemia em T0 foi semelhante nos dois grupos (p>0,05). Porcas que receberam o suplemento energético apresentaram maior glicemia (p <0,05) no T20 e T40. No T80 e T180 a glicemia não diferiu (p>0,05) entre porcas CON e SUP. O 17º e 20º leitões nascidos de porcas CON apresentaram valores menores de vitalidade (p<0,05) quando comparados aos leitões da mesma ordem de nascimento no grupo SUP.Biblioteca Digitais de Teses e Dissertações da USPGarbossa, Cesar Augusto PospissilCarnevale, Rafaella Fernandes2022-11-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfhttps://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10135/tde-20012023-121833/reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USPinstname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)instacron:USPReter o conteúdo por motivos de patente, publicação e/ou direitos autoriais.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesseng2023-04-26T11:05:01Zoai:teses.usp.br:tde-20012023-121833Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttp://www.teses.usp.br/PUBhttp://www.teses.usp.br/cgi-bin/mtd2br.plvirginia@if.usp.br|| atendimento@aguia.usp.br||virginia@if.usp.bropendoar:27212023-04-26T11:05:01Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Glycemia and farrowing traits in pigs: exploring the association between energetic metabolism and farrowing traits in pigs
Glicemia e características de parto em suínos: explorando a associação entre metabolismo energético e características de parto em suínos
title Glycemia and farrowing traits in pigs: exploring the association between energetic metabolism and farrowing traits in pigs
spellingShingle Glycemia and farrowing traits in pigs: exploring the association between energetic metabolism and farrowing traits in pigs
Carnevale, Rafaella Fernandes
Carbohydrates
Carboidratos
Glicose
Glucose
Parto
Parturition
Porcas
Sows
Vitalidade
Vitality
title_short Glycemia and farrowing traits in pigs: exploring the association between energetic metabolism and farrowing traits in pigs
title_full Glycemia and farrowing traits in pigs: exploring the association between energetic metabolism and farrowing traits in pigs
title_fullStr Glycemia and farrowing traits in pigs: exploring the association between energetic metabolism and farrowing traits in pigs
title_full_unstemmed Glycemia and farrowing traits in pigs: exploring the association between energetic metabolism and farrowing traits in pigs
title_sort Glycemia and farrowing traits in pigs: exploring the association between energetic metabolism and farrowing traits in pigs
author Carnevale, Rafaella Fernandes
author_facet Carnevale, Rafaella Fernandes
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Garbossa, Cesar Augusto Pospissil
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Carnevale, Rafaella Fernandes
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Carbohydrates
Carboidratos
Glicose
Glucose
Parto
Parturition
Porcas
Sows
Vitalidade
Vitality
topic Carbohydrates
Carboidratos
Glicose
Glucose
Parto
Parturition
Porcas
Sows
Vitalidade
Vitality
description Delivering piglets is one of the most demanding activities sows undergo in their lifetime. Sows can have myometrial contractions from two to 12 hours before the first piglet is expelled and also have a nest building behavior. Thus, when the first piglet is delivered the female has already used part of her energy supply. When the sow gets exhausted due to lack of energy, the farrowing process is interrupted, causing great damage to the viability and vitality of the piglets. In this sense, the present study had three main objectives: (1) evaluate how different ingredients modulate the glycemic curve of swine aiming to develop of an energetic supplement to be fed to parturient sows to improve glycemia and farrowing kinetics; (2) evaluate if the peripheral glycemia (measured on ear vein) of sows at the onset of farrowing is related to farrowing traits and, identify risk and protective factors, quantify their effect, and understand how peripheral glycemia interacts with farrowing kinetics; (3) orally fed sows an innovative energetic supplement at onset of farrowing aiming to increase available energy to the uterus, decrease farrowing duration and benefit piglets ’ vitality. Based on the glycemic curves of the studied ingredients, malt extract, resistant starch and glycerol were chosen to compose the energetic supplement. In the second trial, datasets from four farm with sows ’ characteristics and farrowing data were collected. Glycemia was assessed with a portable glucometer, the measurement was performed immediately after the birth of the first piglets, considered as the initial glycemia (IGly) and at the end of farrowing, considered as the final glycemia (FGly). The use of oxytocin, manual assistance and IGly were negatively associated to farrowing duration, whilst total piglets born, and parity were positively associated to farrowing duration. IGly was negatively associated with fasting period (p<0.05). IGly can be used as a tool to identify sows more prone to prolonged farrowing duration The results suggests that the glucose metabolism during farrowing is different and dependent on the glycemia at the onset of farrowing. In the third trial, 180 hybrid commercial sows were blocked according to parity and considered as an experimental unit. Animals were allocated to one of the following treatments: SUP (females supplemented with energetic supplement; n = 95) and CON (non-supplemented females; n = 85). Glycemia was measured at 0. 20. 40, 80 and 180 (T0, T20, T40, T80 and T180, respectively) minutes after farrowing onset. Farrowing kinetics were recorded. Piglets were evaluated for vitality in a score ranging from 0 to 10. Farrowing duration was shorter (p < 0.05) for SUP-sows compared to CON-sows. Glycemia at T0 was similar for both groups (p> 0.05). Sows which received the energy supplement had higher blood glucose (p<0.05) at T20 and T40. At T80 and T180 glycemia did not differ (p> 0.05) between CON-sows and SUP. The 17th and 20th piglets born from CON-sows had decreased values of vitality score (p<0.05) when compared to the same birth order piglets born in the SUP group.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022-11-01
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
format masterThesis
status_str publishedVersion
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dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
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dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv Reter o conteúdo por motivos de patente, publicação e/ou direitos autoriais.
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Reter o conteúdo por motivos de patente, publicação e/ou direitos autoriais.
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dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Biblioteca Digitais de Teses e Dissertações da USP
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Biblioteca Digitais de Teses e Dissertações da USP
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv
reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
instname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
instacron:USP
instname_str Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
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reponame_str Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
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repository.name.fl_str_mv Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv virginia@if.usp.br|| atendimento@aguia.usp.br||virginia@if.usp.br
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