Compatibility of insecticides used to control Bemisia tabaci Biotype B (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) with the predatory mirid Macrolophus basicornis (Hemiptera: Miridae) in tomato

• Autor(a) principal: Matioli, Thaís Fagundes
• Data de Publicação: 2022
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
• Texto Completo: https://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11146/tde-11082022-102007/
• topic: Biological control; Controle biológico; Ecotoxicologia; Ecotoxicology; Inimigo natural; Insecticides; Inseticidas; Integrated pest management; Manejo integrado de pragas; Natural enemy

Predatory mirids were identified in Brazil to possibly be used in the augmentative biological control of the main tomato pests, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) and Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) Biotype B (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Ecotoxicological studies with the species Macrolophus basicornis (Stal) (Hemiptera: Miridae) have been carried out with chemical products used to control T. absoluta. However, there is a need to know the toxicity of insecticides used to control B. tabaci on this species. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the compatibility of the main insecticides registered for the whitefly in the tomato crop with the species M. basicornis. The insecticides tested were acetamiprid, bifenthrin, buprofezin, cyantraniliprole, etofenprox + acetamiprid, pyriproxyfen + acetamiprid and spiromesifen. Tests were carried out under laboratory and semi-field conditions following the methodologies of the International Organization for the Integrated Biological Control of Noxious Animals and Plants (IOBC) and other ecotoxicological methods for beneficial insects. With the results of the first toxicological analyzes carried out in the laboratory to assess acute toxicity, the insecticides were separated into broad-spectrum and reduced-risk groups. Buprofezin, cyantraniliprole and spiromesifen are low-risk and have been tested for sublethal effects in the laboratory. Buprofezin and spiromesifen caused a reduction in the size of tibias of descendants of the generation that came into contact with insecticide residues. Acetamiprid, bifenthrin, etofenprox + acetamiprid and pyriproxyfen + acetamiprid are broad-spectrum insecticides. Under semi-field conditions, they were tested for their persistence, effects on behavior and residues were also quantified by liquid chromatography (HPLC-UV). As for persistence, bifenthrin is short-lived (< 5 days), etofenprox + acetamiprid and pyriproxyfen + acetamiprid are slightly persistent (5 15 days) and acetamiprid is a persistent insecticide (> 31 days). Furthermore, acetamiprid residues were quantified at 0, 5, 15 and 31 days after spraying (DAS) by HPLC-UV. The results obtained were 30.80 mg a.i. L-1 (0 DAS), 29.97 mg a.i. L-1 (5 DAS), 21.56 mg a.i. L-1 (15 DAS) and 15.45 mg a.i. L-1 (31 DAS). Studies indicate that insects are affected by insecticides, except for cyantraniliprole. The information from the present work will contribute to help the implementation of this mirid species for the control of B. tabaci in the tomato crops with the MIP premises.