Dietary strategy to reduce methane emission in Brazilian beef cattle production

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Lima, Jacqueline Geraldo de
Data de Publicação: 2014
Tipo de documento: Tese
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
Texto Completo: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11139/tde-11112014-135743/
Resumo: In Brazil, estimate of methane (CH4) emission for the National Greenhouse Gas Inventory is carried out using the empirical Tier 2 approach published by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Although, IPCC recommends the use of a more specific, mechanistic Tier 3 approach, this is hampered by a lack of consolidated data for development, evaluation and application of such a Tier 3 approach. The purpose of the present modelling study was to evaluate whether a Tier 3 approach instead of the Tier 2 approach has merit in estimating the effect of improvement of diet quality by feeding supplements on CH4 emission, calculated by both a Tier 2 and an extant Tier 3 approach. Six systems of beef cattle production in Brazil were considered which differed inage at slaughter mainly due to diet quality (ranging from 14 to 44 months). The systems studied encompass most of the range of slaughter age and feeding methods observed and the differences between them can be considered realistic for variation in current Brazilian practice of beef production. Estimates of feed quality and animal performance were based on published Brazilian studies and on data from a Brazilian inventory on enteric CH4. Both Tier 2 and Tier 3 approaches estimated a large variation in CH4 emission for the six production systems. The highest level of enteric CH4 emission (168 and 145 kg per slaughtered animal, estimated with the Tier 2 and Tier 3 approach, respectively) was estimated for the system with slaughter after 44 months and the lowest with slaughter after 14 months (35 and 31 kg per slaughtered animal, estimated with the Tier 2 and Tier 3 approach, respectively). The general trend was a profound increase of CH4 emission with increase of age-at-slaughter. Methane estimates depended strongly on the modelling approach adopted. Using the Tier 3 approach in the present study with the assumptions made for the six Brazilian beef production systems indicated substantially lower estimates of enteric CH4 compared to the IPCC Tier 2 approach. The Ym values (fraction of gross energy intake emitted as CH4) estimated by the Tier 3 approach for separate growing periods (seasons) within the different systems ranged between 0.044 and 0.070, and between 0.049 and 0.058 when averaged for the whole growing period (cf. 0.065 with Tier 2). Model estimates should be confirmed by evaluation against independent in vivo data obtained under local Brazilian conditions of beef production.
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spelling Dietary strategy to reduce methane emission in Brazilian beef cattle productionEstratégia dietética para reduzir a emissão de metano em sistema produção de gado de corte no BrasilBeef cattleBovinos de corteEfeito estufaEmissão de metanogreenhouse effectmethane emissionMitigaçãomitigationModelagemmodellingIn Brazil, estimate of methane (CH4) emission for the National Greenhouse Gas Inventory is carried out using the empirical Tier 2 approach published by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Although, IPCC recommends the use of a more specific, mechanistic Tier 3 approach, this is hampered by a lack of consolidated data for development, evaluation and application of such a Tier 3 approach. The purpose of the present modelling study was to evaluate whether a Tier 3 approach instead of the Tier 2 approach has merit in estimating the effect of improvement of diet quality by feeding supplements on CH4 emission, calculated by both a Tier 2 and an extant Tier 3 approach. Six systems of beef cattle production in Brazil were considered which differed inage at slaughter mainly due to diet quality (ranging from 14 to 44 months). The systems studied encompass most of the range of slaughter age and feeding methods observed and the differences between them can be considered realistic for variation in current Brazilian practice of beef production. Estimates of feed quality and animal performance were based on published Brazilian studies and on data from a Brazilian inventory on enteric CH4. Both Tier 2 and Tier 3 approaches estimated a large variation in CH4 emission for the six production systems. The highest level of enteric CH4 emission (168 and 145 kg per slaughtered animal, estimated with the Tier 2 and Tier 3 approach, respectively) was estimated for the system with slaughter after 44 months and the lowest with slaughter after 14 months (35 and 31 kg per slaughtered animal, estimated with the Tier 2 and Tier 3 approach, respectively). The general trend was a profound increase of CH4 emission with increase of age-at-slaughter. Methane estimates depended strongly on the modelling approach adopted. Using the Tier 3 approach in the present study with the assumptions made for the six Brazilian beef production systems indicated substantially lower estimates of enteric CH4 compared to the IPCC Tier 2 approach. The Ym values (fraction of gross energy intake emitted as CH4) estimated by the Tier 3 approach for separate growing periods (seasons) within the different systems ranged between 0.044 and 0.070, and between 0.049 and 0.058 when averaged for the whole growing period (cf. 0.065 with Tier 2). Model estimates should be confirmed by evaluation against independent in vivo data obtained under local Brazilian conditions of beef production.No Brasil, a estimativa de emissão de metano no inventário nacional sobre a emissão de metano (CH4) é realizada pela abordagem Tier 2, recomendada pelo Painel Intergovernamental sobre Mudanças Climáticas (IPCC). Embora o IPCC recomende o uso do Tier 3, uma abordagem mais complexa, a aplicação desta no Brasil é dificultada pela falta de dados consolidados para o desenvolvimento, avaliação e aplicação do modelo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar o efeito da melhoria da qualidade da dieta na emissão entérica de CH4, em sistemas de produção de gado de corte brasileiros, pelos métodos Tier 2 e Tier 3. A emissão entérica de CH4, foi estimada em seis sistemas de produção de bovinos de corte, do desmame até abate. Os sistemas estudados abrangeram os métodos de alimentação mais praticados na produção de carne bovina brasileira. A qualidade da alimentação e desempenho animal foram estimados baseados em estudos publicados na literatura. Ambas as abordagems Tier 2 e 3 estimaram efeito da suplementação sobre a emissão de CH4. As estimativas do Tier 2 e 3, no sistema de abate aos 44 meses, apresentaram maior emissão de CH4 entérico comparados aos outros sistemas, resultando em valores de 168 e 145 kg de CH4 por animal, respectivamente. Por outro lado, o sistema de abate aos 14 meses, apresentou menor emissão de CH4, comparados aos outros sistemas, em valores de 35 e 31 kg de CH4 por animal abatido, respectivamente. A tendência geral foi um aumento de emissão de CH4 com o aumento da idade de abate. Usando a abordagem Tier 3 para as condições brasileiras resultou valores menores de CH4 entérico em comparação a Tier 2. Os valores Ym (fração de ingestão de energia bruta emitido como CH4) estimados pela Tier 3, nas diferentes estações, variou entre 0,044 e 0,070, e para diferentes sistemas de produção entre 0,049 e 0,058. Por outro lado a média para todo o período de crescimento foi 0,065 para Tier 2. Essas estimativas devem ser confirmados com dados in vivo obtidos em condições locais, com intuito de melhorar o modelo Tier.Biblioteca Digitais de Teses e Dissertações da USPSantos, Patricia MenezesLima, Jacqueline Geraldo de2014-10-06info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisapplication/pdfhttp://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11139/tde-11112014-135743/reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USPinstname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)instacron:USPLiberar o conteúdo para acesso público.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesseng2016-07-28T16:11:55Zoai:teses.usp.br:tde-11112014-135743Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttp://www.teses.usp.br/PUBhttp://www.teses.usp.br/cgi-bin/mtd2br.plvirginia@if.usp.br|| atendimento@aguia.usp.br||virginia@if.usp.bropendoar:27212016-07-28T16:11:55Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Dietary strategy to reduce methane emission in Brazilian beef cattle production
Estratégia dietética para reduzir a emissão de metano em sistema produção de gado de corte no Brasil
title Dietary strategy to reduce methane emission in Brazilian beef cattle production
spellingShingle Dietary strategy to reduce methane emission in Brazilian beef cattle production
Lima, Jacqueline Geraldo de
Beef cattle
Bovinos de corte
Efeito estufa
Emissão de metano
greenhouse effect
methane emission
Mitigação
mitigation
Modelagem
modelling
title_short Dietary strategy to reduce methane emission in Brazilian beef cattle production
title_full Dietary strategy to reduce methane emission in Brazilian beef cattle production
title_fullStr Dietary strategy to reduce methane emission in Brazilian beef cattle production
title_full_unstemmed Dietary strategy to reduce methane emission in Brazilian beef cattle production
title_sort Dietary strategy to reduce methane emission in Brazilian beef cattle production
author Lima, Jacqueline Geraldo de
author_facet Lima, Jacqueline Geraldo de
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Santos, Patricia Menezes
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Lima, Jacqueline Geraldo de
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Beef cattle
Bovinos de corte
Efeito estufa
Emissão de metano
greenhouse effect
methane emission
Mitigação
mitigation
Modelagem
modelling
topic Beef cattle
Bovinos de corte
Efeito estufa
Emissão de metano
greenhouse effect
methane emission
Mitigação
mitigation
Modelagem
modelling
description In Brazil, estimate of methane (CH4) emission for the National Greenhouse Gas Inventory is carried out using the empirical Tier 2 approach published by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Although, IPCC recommends the use of a more specific, mechanistic Tier 3 approach, this is hampered by a lack of consolidated data for development, evaluation and application of such a Tier 3 approach. The purpose of the present modelling study was to evaluate whether a Tier 3 approach instead of the Tier 2 approach has merit in estimating the effect of improvement of diet quality by feeding supplements on CH4 emission, calculated by both a Tier 2 and an extant Tier 3 approach. Six systems of beef cattle production in Brazil were considered which differed inage at slaughter mainly due to diet quality (ranging from 14 to 44 months). The systems studied encompass most of the range of slaughter age and feeding methods observed and the differences between them can be considered realistic for variation in current Brazilian practice of beef production. Estimates of feed quality and animal performance were based on published Brazilian studies and on data from a Brazilian inventory on enteric CH4. Both Tier 2 and Tier 3 approaches estimated a large variation in CH4 emission for the six production systems. The highest level of enteric CH4 emission (168 and 145 kg per slaughtered animal, estimated with the Tier 2 and Tier 3 approach, respectively) was estimated for the system with slaughter after 44 months and the lowest with slaughter after 14 months (35 and 31 kg per slaughtered animal, estimated with the Tier 2 and Tier 3 approach, respectively). The general trend was a profound increase of CH4 emission with increase of age-at-slaughter. Methane estimates depended strongly on the modelling approach adopted. Using the Tier 3 approach in the present study with the assumptions made for the six Brazilian beef production systems indicated substantially lower estimates of enteric CH4 compared to the IPCC Tier 2 approach. The Ym values (fraction of gross energy intake emitted as CH4) estimated by the Tier 3 approach for separate growing periods (seasons) within the different systems ranged between 0.044 and 0.070, and between 0.049 and 0.058 when averaged for the whole growing period (cf. 0.065 with Tier 2). Model estimates should be confirmed by evaluation against independent in vivo data obtained under local Brazilian conditions of beef production.
publishDate 2014
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2014-10-06
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
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dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv Liberar o conteúdo para acesso público.
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eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
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reponame_str Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
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