O potencial nutracêutico do ômega-3 na obesidade induzida por dieta hiperlipídica: do tecido adiposo ao cérebro

• Autor(a) principal: Mello, Aline Haas de
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Universitário da Ânima (RUNA)
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.animaeducacao.com.br/handle/ANIMA/3068
• topic: Obesidade; Tecido adiposo; Cérebro; Ácidos graxos insaturados; Óleos de peixe

Obesity is associated with inflammation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, it is known that obesity does not only affect peripheral tissues, but also leads to brain alterations. The increased prevalence and difficulties in treatment show the necessity to explore different therapeutic approaches. Due to its anti-inflammatory properties, the use of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids may be a strategy. Objective: Evaluate the nutraceutical potential of omega-3 in mice submitted to obesity induced by high-fat diet. Methods: Male Swiss mice received either a normolipid diet (control) or a high-fat diet (obese). After 6 weeks, the groups were divided in Control + Saline, Control + Omega-3, Obese + Saline and Obese + Omega-3, and 400 mg/kg/day of fish oil (or saline) was administered orally, for 4 weeks. Food intake and body weight were monitored throughout the experiment. When the experiment completed 10 weeks, the animals were euthanized and the visceral adipose tissue (mesenteric fat) and brain were removed. The cerebral structures hypothalamus, hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and striatum were isolated. Results: Omega-3 did not influence food intake or body weight, but reduced visceral fat. In visceral fat, omega-3 reduced the oxidative damage, as well as alleviated alterations in antioxidant defense and in the Krebs cycle, caused by the intake of high-fat diet. The mitochondrial respiratory chain was not altered by obesity or omega-3 in visceral fat. In brain structures, omega-3 reduced the inflammation, the oxidative damage, as well as alleviated alterations in antioxidant defense and in energy metabolism (Krebs cycle and mitochondrial respiratory chain). Conclusion: It was concluded that omega-3 had a beneficial effect on the visceral fat and brain of obese animals, since it partially reversed the alterations caused by the consumption of high-fat diet, without worsening the parameters analyzed.