Immunology and immunopathology of African trypanosomiasis

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Vincendeau,Philippe
Data de Publicação: 2006
Outros Autores: Bouteille,Bernard
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (Online)
Texto Completo: http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652006000400004
Resumo: Major modifications of immune system have been observed in African trypanosomiasis. These immune reactions do not lead to protection and are also involved in immunopathology disorders. The major surface component (variable surface glycoprotein,VSG) is associated with escape to immune reactions, cytokine network dysfunctions and autoantibody production. Most of our knowledge result from experimental trypanosomiasis. Innate resistance elements have been characterised. In infected mice, VSG preferentially stimulates a Th 1-cell subset. A response of <FONT FACE=Symbol>gd</FONT> and CD8 T cells to trypanosome antigens was observed in trypanotolerant cattle. An increase in CD5 B cells, responsible for most serum IgM and production of autoantibodies has been noted in infected cattle. Macrophages play important roles in trypanosomiasis, in synergy with antibodies (phagocytosis) and by secreting various molecules (radicals, cytokines, prostaglandins,...). Trypanosomes are highly sensitive to TNF-alpha, reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates. TNF-alpha is also involved in cachexia. IFN-gamma acts as a parasite growth factor. These various elements contribute to immunosuppression. Trypanosomes have learnt to use immune mechanisms to its own profit. Recent data show the importance of alternative macrophage activation, including arginase induction. L-ornithine produced by host arginase is essential to parasite growth. All these data reflect the deep insight into the immune system realised by trypanosomes and might suggest interference therapeutic approaches.
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spelling Immunology and immunopathology of African trypanosomiasisTrypanosomeAfrican trypanosomiasisimmunologymacrophagelymphocytesnitric oxidecytokineautoantibodiesMajor modifications of immune system have been observed in African trypanosomiasis. These immune reactions do not lead to protection and are also involved in immunopathology disorders. The major surface component (variable surface glycoprotein,VSG) is associated with escape to immune reactions, cytokine network dysfunctions and autoantibody production. Most of our knowledge result from experimental trypanosomiasis. Innate resistance elements have been characterised. In infected mice, VSG preferentially stimulates a Th 1-cell subset. A response of <FONT FACE=Symbol>gd</FONT> and CD8 T cells to trypanosome antigens was observed in trypanotolerant cattle. An increase in CD5 B cells, responsible for most serum IgM and production of autoantibodies has been noted in infected cattle. Macrophages play important roles in trypanosomiasis, in synergy with antibodies (phagocytosis) and by secreting various molecules (radicals, cytokines, prostaglandins,...). Trypanosomes are highly sensitive to TNF-alpha, reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates. TNF-alpha is also involved in cachexia. IFN-gamma acts as a parasite growth factor. These various elements contribute to immunosuppression. Trypanosomes have learnt to use immune mechanisms to its own profit. Recent data show the importance of alternative macrophage activation, including arginase induction. L-ornithine produced by host arginase is essential to parasite growth. All these data reflect the deep insight into the immune system realised by trypanosomes and might suggest interference therapeutic approaches.Academia Brasileira de Ciências2006-12-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontext/htmlhttp://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652006000400004Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências v.78 n.4 2006reponame:Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (Online)instname:Academia Brasileira de Ciências (ABC)instacron:ABC10.1590/S0001-37652006000400004info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessVincendeau,PhilippeBouteille,Bernardeng2006-11-28T00:00:00Zoai:scielo:S0001-37652006000400004Revistahttp://www.scielo.br/aabchttps://old.scielo.br/oai/scielo-oai.php||aabc@abc.org.br1678-26900001-3765opendoar:2006-11-28T00:00Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (Online) - Academia Brasileira de Ciências (ABC)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Immunology and immunopathology of African trypanosomiasis
title Immunology and immunopathology of African trypanosomiasis
spellingShingle Immunology and immunopathology of African trypanosomiasis
Vincendeau,Philippe
Trypanosome
African trypanosomiasis
immunology
macrophage
lymphocytes
nitric oxide
cytokine
autoantibodies
title_short Immunology and immunopathology of African trypanosomiasis
title_full Immunology and immunopathology of African trypanosomiasis
title_fullStr Immunology and immunopathology of African trypanosomiasis
title_full_unstemmed Immunology and immunopathology of African trypanosomiasis
title_sort Immunology and immunopathology of African trypanosomiasis
author Vincendeau,Philippe
author_facet Vincendeau,Philippe
Bouteille,Bernard
author_role author
author2 Bouteille,Bernard
author2_role author
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Vincendeau,Philippe
Bouteille,Bernard
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Trypanosome
African trypanosomiasis
immunology
macrophage
lymphocytes
nitric oxide
cytokine
autoantibodies
topic Trypanosome
African trypanosomiasis
immunology
macrophage
lymphocytes
nitric oxide
cytokine
autoantibodies
description Major modifications of immune system have been observed in African trypanosomiasis. These immune reactions do not lead to protection and are also involved in immunopathology disorders. The major surface component (variable surface glycoprotein,VSG) is associated with escape to immune reactions, cytokine network dysfunctions and autoantibody production. Most of our knowledge result from experimental trypanosomiasis. Innate resistance elements have been characterised. In infected mice, VSG preferentially stimulates a Th 1-cell subset. A response of <FONT FACE=Symbol>gd</FONT> and CD8 T cells to trypanosome antigens was observed in trypanotolerant cattle. An increase in CD5 B cells, responsible for most serum IgM and production of autoantibodies has been noted in infected cattle. Macrophages play important roles in trypanosomiasis, in synergy with antibodies (phagocytosis) and by secreting various molecules (radicals, cytokines, prostaglandins,...). Trypanosomes are highly sensitive to TNF-alpha, reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates. TNF-alpha is also involved in cachexia. IFN-gamma acts as a parasite growth factor. These various elements contribute to immunosuppression. Trypanosomes have learnt to use immune mechanisms to its own profit. Recent data show the importance of alternative macrophage activation, including arginase induction. L-ornithine produced by host arginase is essential to parasite growth. All these data reflect the deep insight into the immune system realised by trypanosomes and might suggest interference therapeutic approaches.
publishDate 2006
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2006-12-01
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652006000400004
url http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652006000400004
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv 10.1590/S0001-37652006000400004
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv text/html
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Academia Brasileira de Ciências
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Academia Brasileira de Ciências
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências v.78 n.4 2006
reponame:Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (Online)
instname:Academia Brasileira de Ciências (ABC)
instacron:ABC
instname_str Academia Brasileira de Ciências (ABC)
instacron_str ABC
institution ABC
reponame_str Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (Online)
collection Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (Online)
repository.name.fl_str_mv Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (Online) - Academia Brasileira de Ciências (ABC)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv ||aabc@abc.org.br
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