Passive air sampler-derived concentrations and carcinogenic potential of PAHs in oil/gas production city (Macaé, Brazil)
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2022 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais (Online) |
Texto Completo: | https://www.rbciamb.com.br/Publicacoes_RBCIAMB/article/view/1431 |
Resumo: | Urban centers cause atmospheric pollution and suffer the most from their emissions. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent toxic substances (PTS) that can be air transported at urban sites and impact human health, causing skin allergies, respiratory diseases, and cancer. Macaé is a southeastern Brazilian coastal city that had an intense process of urbanization and population growth due to the installation of oil companies in the 1970s. The study aimed to evaluate Macaé’s air quality regarding atmospheric PAH occurrence, measured using polyurethane foam passive air samplers (PUF-PAS). PUF disks were deployed along environmental gradients during the 2018–2019 spring/summer in Macaé city and its surroundings. In total, 22 individual PAHs were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Total PAH air concentrations ranged from 0.3 to 3.3 ng.m-3, pointing out three- to four-membered ring compounds as the most abundant (76%). Among them, phenanthrene, anthracene, and fluoranthene had the highest air concentrations, especially at sampling sites where fossil fuel combustion seemed more prominent. Compared to other cities worldwide, the lower PAH air levels reported in this study may be linked to the influence of marine air masses. As the most carcinogenic PAH compound is benzo[a]pyrene, the results are also given in benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent (BaPeq). BaPeq ranged from 0.02 to 0.10 ng.m-3. This study indicated an environmental trend along urban-industry-background spatial transects. Even though a prominent marine air mass might contribute to efficient air pollution dispersion, in urban/industrial areas, human exposure to carcinogenic chemicals is higher, probably due to local PAH sources inside the urban perimeter of Macaé. |
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Passive air sampler-derived concentrations and carcinogenic potential of PAHs in oil/gas production city (Macaé, Brazil)Concentrações e potencial carcinogênico de hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos derivados de amostradores passivos atmosféricos em uma cidade produtora de óleo/gás (Macaé, Brasil)polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; passive sampler; air pollution; benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent; urban coast areas.hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos; poluição atmosférica; amostradores passivos; Benzo[a]Pireno-equivalente; áreas costeiras.Urban centers cause atmospheric pollution and suffer the most from their emissions. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent toxic substances (PTS) that can be air transported at urban sites and impact human health, causing skin allergies, respiratory diseases, and cancer. Macaé is a southeastern Brazilian coastal city that had an intense process of urbanization and population growth due to the installation of oil companies in the 1970s. The study aimed to evaluate Macaé’s air quality regarding atmospheric PAH occurrence, measured using polyurethane foam passive air samplers (PUF-PAS). PUF disks were deployed along environmental gradients during the 2018–2019 spring/summer in Macaé city and its surroundings. In total, 22 individual PAHs were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Total PAH air concentrations ranged from 0.3 to 3.3 ng.m-3, pointing out three- to four-membered ring compounds as the most abundant (76%). Among them, phenanthrene, anthracene, and fluoranthene had the highest air concentrations, especially at sampling sites where fossil fuel combustion seemed more prominent. Compared to other cities worldwide, the lower PAH air levels reported in this study may be linked to the influence of marine air masses. As the most carcinogenic PAH compound is benzo[a]pyrene, the results are also given in benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent (BaPeq). BaPeq ranged from 0.02 to 0.10 ng.m-3. This study indicated an environmental trend along urban-industry-background spatial transects. Even though a prominent marine air mass might contribute to efficient air pollution dispersion, in urban/industrial areas, human exposure to carcinogenic chemicals is higher, probably due to local PAH sources inside the urban perimeter of Macaé.Os centros urbanos causam poluição atmosférica e são os que mais sofrem com suas emissões. Os hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos (HPA) são substâncias tóxicas persistentes que podem ser transportadas por longas distâncias e impactar a saúde humana, causando alergias, doenças respiratórias e câncer. Macaé é uma cidade litorânea do sudeste brasileiro que teve um intenso processo de urbanização e crescimento populacional, associado à instalação de companhias petrolíferas. O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade do ar de Macaé quanto à ocorrência de HPA, medidos com amostradores passivos de espumas de poliuretano (EPU). Os discos EPU foram implantados ao longo de gradientes ambientais durante o período primavera/verão 2018–2019 na cidade de Macaé e arredores. Vinte e dois HPA individuais foram analisados por cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrômetro de massas. A concentração total de HPA atmosféricos variou de 0,3 a 3,3 ng.m-3, sendo os compostos de três e quatro anéis aromáticos os mais abundantes (76%). Fenantreno, antraceno e fluoranteno apresentaram as maiores concentrações, especialmente em locais onde a queima de combustível fóssil parece ser mais proeminente. Comparando com outros centros urbanos, as baixas concentrações de HPA atmosféricos encontradas no presente estudo podem ser explicadas por retrotrajetórias marinhas de massa de ar. Os resultados também são expressos em benzo[a]pireno-equivalente (B[a]Peq), HPA altamente carcinogênico. O B[a]Peq variou de 0,02 a 0,10 ng.m-3. Este estudo indicou uma tendênciadecrescente no transecto urbano-industrial-controle (ou de fundo). Apesar de uma massa de ar marinha possivelmente contribuir para a eficiente dispersão de poluentes atmosféricos, áreas urbanas/industriais aumentam a exposição humana a compostos carcinogênicos, provavelmente por fontes de HPA, dentro dos perímetros urbanos de Macaé.Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental (ABES)2022-12-13info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdftext/xmlhttps://www.rbciamb.com.br/Publicacoes_RBCIAMB/article/view/143110.5327/Z2176-94781431Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais (RBCIAMB); v. 57 n. 4 (2022): RBCIAMB - ISSN 2176-9478 - Dezembro; 594-605Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais (RBCIAMB); Vol. 57 No. 4 (2022): RBCIAMB - ISSN 2176-9478 - December; 594-6052176-94781808-4524reponame:Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais (Online)instname:Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental (ABES)instacron:ABESenghttps://www.rbciamb.com.br/Publicacoes_RBCIAMB/article/view/1431/837https://www.rbciamb.com.br/Publicacoes_RBCIAMB/article/view/1431/854Copyright (c) 2022 Brazilian Journal of Environmental Sciences (Online)http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessEuzebio, Camilla SzermanOrnellas Meire, Rodrigoda Silveira Rangel, GiovannaAzeredo, Antôniode Souza Guida, YagoDavée Guimarães, Jean RemyCorrêa Marques, Rejane2023-11-09T17:38:07Zoai:ojs.www.rbciamb.com.br:article/1431Revistahttp://www.rbciamb.com.br/index.php/Publicacoes_RBCIAMBhttps://www.rbciamb.com.br/Publicacoes_RBCIAMB/oairbciamb@abes-dn.org.br||2176-94781804-4524opendoar:2023-11-09T17:38:07Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais (Online) - Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental (ABES)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Passive air sampler-derived concentrations and carcinogenic potential of PAHs in oil/gas production city (Macaé, Brazil) Concentrações e potencial carcinogênico de hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos derivados de amostradores passivos atmosféricos em uma cidade produtora de óleo/gás (Macaé, Brasil) |
title |
Passive air sampler-derived concentrations and carcinogenic potential of PAHs in oil/gas production city (Macaé, Brazil) |
spellingShingle |
Passive air sampler-derived concentrations and carcinogenic potential of PAHs in oil/gas production city (Macaé, Brazil) Euzebio, Camilla Szerman polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; passive sampler; air pollution; benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent; urban coast areas. hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos; poluição atmosférica; amostradores passivos; Benzo[a]Pireno-equivalente; áreas costeiras. |
title_short |
Passive air sampler-derived concentrations and carcinogenic potential of PAHs in oil/gas production city (Macaé, Brazil) |
title_full |
Passive air sampler-derived concentrations and carcinogenic potential of PAHs in oil/gas production city (Macaé, Brazil) |
title_fullStr |
Passive air sampler-derived concentrations and carcinogenic potential of PAHs in oil/gas production city (Macaé, Brazil) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Passive air sampler-derived concentrations and carcinogenic potential of PAHs in oil/gas production city (Macaé, Brazil) |
title_sort |
Passive air sampler-derived concentrations and carcinogenic potential of PAHs in oil/gas production city (Macaé, Brazil) |
author |
Euzebio, Camilla Szerman |
author_facet |
Euzebio, Camilla Szerman Ornellas Meire, Rodrigo da Silveira Rangel, Giovanna Azeredo, Antônio de Souza Guida, Yago Davée Guimarães, Jean Remy Corrêa Marques, Rejane |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Ornellas Meire, Rodrigo da Silveira Rangel, Giovanna Azeredo, Antônio de Souza Guida, Yago Davée Guimarães, Jean Remy Corrêa Marques, Rejane |
author2_role |
author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Euzebio, Camilla Szerman Ornellas Meire, Rodrigo da Silveira Rangel, Giovanna Azeredo, Antônio de Souza Guida, Yago Davée Guimarães, Jean Remy Corrêa Marques, Rejane |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; passive sampler; air pollution; benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent; urban coast areas. hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos; poluição atmosférica; amostradores passivos; Benzo[a]Pireno-equivalente; áreas costeiras. |
topic |
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; passive sampler; air pollution; benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent; urban coast areas. hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos; poluição atmosférica; amostradores passivos; Benzo[a]Pireno-equivalente; áreas costeiras. |
description |
Urban centers cause atmospheric pollution and suffer the most from their emissions. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent toxic substances (PTS) that can be air transported at urban sites and impact human health, causing skin allergies, respiratory diseases, and cancer. Macaé is a southeastern Brazilian coastal city that had an intense process of urbanization and population growth due to the installation of oil companies in the 1970s. The study aimed to evaluate Macaé’s air quality regarding atmospheric PAH occurrence, measured using polyurethane foam passive air samplers (PUF-PAS). PUF disks were deployed along environmental gradients during the 2018–2019 spring/summer in Macaé city and its surroundings. In total, 22 individual PAHs were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Total PAH air concentrations ranged from 0.3 to 3.3 ng.m-3, pointing out three- to four-membered ring compounds as the most abundant (76%). Among them, phenanthrene, anthracene, and fluoranthene had the highest air concentrations, especially at sampling sites where fossil fuel combustion seemed more prominent. Compared to other cities worldwide, the lower PAH air levels reported in this study may be linked to the influence of marine air masses. As the most carcinogenic PAH compound is benzo[a]pyrene, the results are also given in benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent (BaPeq). BaPeq ranged from 0.02 to 0.10 ng.m-3. This study indicated an environmental trend along urban-industry-background spatial transects. Even though a prominent marine air mass might contribute to efficient air pollution dispersion, in urban/industrial areas, human exposure to carcinogenic chemicals is higher, probably due to local PAH sources inside the urban perimeter of Macaé. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-12-13 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://www.rbciamb.com.br/Publicacoes_RBCIAMB/article/view/1431 10.5327/Z2176-94781431 |
url |
https://www.rbciamb.com.br/Publicacoes_RBCIAMB/article/view/1431 |
identifier_str_mv |
10.5327/Z2176-94781431 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://www.rbciamb.com.br/Publicacoes_RBCIAMB/article/view/1431/837 https://www.rbciamb.com.br/Publicacoes_RBCIAMB/article/view/1431/854 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2022 Brazilian Journal of Environmental Sciences (Online) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Copyright (c) 2022 Brazilian Journal of Environmental Sciences (Online) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf text/xml |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental (ABES) |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental (ABES) |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais (RBCIAMB); v. 57 n. 4 (2022): RBCIAMB - ISSN 2176-9478 - Dezembro; 594-605 Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais (RBCIAMB); Vol. 57 No. 4 (2022): RBCIAMB - ISSN 2176-9478 - December; 594-605 2176-9478 1808-4524 reponame:Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais (Online) instname:Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental (ABES) instacron:ABES |
instname_str |
Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental (ABES) |
instacron_str |
ABES |
institution |
ABES |
reponame_str |
Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais (Online) |
collection |
Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais (Online) |
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Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais (Online) - Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental (ABES) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
rbciamb@abes-dn.org.br|| |
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