Analysis of Spinel Based Inclusions During the Last Stage of The Steelmaking Process of SAE 52100
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2020 |
Outros Autores: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Materials research (São Carlos. Online) |
Texto Completo: | http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-14392020000100229 |
Resumo: | Abstract Al2O3 (alumina) and MgO·Al2O3 (spinel) inclusions cause valve obstruction (clogging) in continuous casting and can deteriorate the quality of the final product. In this context, industrial heats of the bearing steel SAE 52100 was examined. Samples were collected in the final steps of the steelmaking process, both after vacuum treatment and during continuous casting. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with a energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and automated particle characterization analysis was used to characterize the inclusions present in the steel samples. Thermodynamic calculations were performed with the commercial software FactSageTM 7.2. Based on thermodynamic predictions, parameters such as solid fraction, liquid fraction, MgO saturation point of the slags, content of dissolved elements in steel (Al, Mg, Ca,...) and the construction of a phase stability diagram were determined. The results in this study showed a tendency for increase in MgO content in the inclusions with the decrease of %FeO and SiO2 contents in the slag, an increase of binary basicity (%CaO/%SiO2). It is verified that the MgO contents in the slag were close to the saturation, increasing the probability for the formation of inclusions rich in MgO and/or spinel. On the other hand, stability diagrams confirm the formation of spinel inclusions for each of the heats analyzed. During the final step of the steelmaking process, there is a tendency for re-oxidation, which is verified by an increase in the density of inclusions (or total oxygen TO values). |
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Analysis of Spinel Based Inclusions During the Last Stage of The Steelmaking Process of SAE 52100steelmakingbearing steelsinclusionsre-oxidationslagsAbstract Al2O3 (alumina) and MgO·Al2O3 (spinel) inclusions cause valve obstruction (clogging) in continuous casting and can deteriorate the quality of the final product. In this context, industrial heats of the bearing steel SAE 52100 was examined. Samples were collected in the final steps of the steelmaking process, both after vacuum treatment and during continuous casting. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with a energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and automated particle characterization analysis was used to characterize the inclusions present in the steel samples. Thermodynamic calculations were performed with the commercial software FactSageTM 7.2. Based on thermodynamic predictions, parameters such as solid fraction, liquid fraction, MgO saturation point of the slags, content of dissolved elements in steel (Al, Mg, Ca,...) and the construction of a phase stability diagram were determined. The results in this study showed a tendency for increase in MgO content in the inclusions with the decrease of %FeO and SiO2 contents in the slag, an increase of binary basicity (%CaO/%SiO2). It is verified that the MgO contents in the slag were close to the saturation, increasing the probability for the formation of inclusions rich in MgO and/or spinel. On the other hand, stability diagrams confirm the formation of spinel inclusions for each of the heats analyzed. During the final step of the steelmaking process, there is a tendency for re-oxidation, which is verified by an increase in the density of inclusions (or total oxygen TO values).ABM, ABC, ABPol2020-01-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontext/htmlhttp://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-14392020000100229Materials Research v.23 n.1 2020reponame:Materials research (São Carlos. Online)instname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)instacron:ABM ABC ABPOL10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2019-0558info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessPereira,Julio Aníbal MoralesRocha,Vinicius Cardoso daAlves,Pedro CunhaBielefeldt,Wagner VianaVilela,Antônio Cezar Fariaeng2020-05-27T00:00:00Zoai:scielo:S1516-14392020000100229Revistahttp://www.scielo.br/mrPUBhttps://old.scielo.br/oai/scielo-oai.phpdedz@power.ufscar.br1980-53731516-1439opendoar:2020-05-27T00:00Materials research (São Carlos. Online) - Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Analysis of Spinel Based Inclusions During the Last Stage of The Steelmaking Process of SAE 52100 |
title |
Analysis of Spinel Based Inclusions During the Last Stage of The Steelmaking Process of SAE 52100 |
spellingShingle |
Analysis of Spinel Based Inclusions During the Last Stage of The Steelmaking Process of SAE 52100 Pereira,Julio Aníbal Morales steelmaking bearing steels inclusions re-oxidation slags |
title_short |
Analysis of Spinel Based Inclusions During the Last Stage of The Steelmaking Process of SAE 52100 |
title_full |
Analysis of Spinel Based Inclusions During the Last Stage of The Steelmaking Process of SAE 52100 |
title_fullStr |
Analysis of Spinel Based Inclusions During the Last Stage of The Steelmaking Process of SAE 52100 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Analysis of Spinel Based Inclusions During the Last Stage of The Steelmaking Process of SAE 52100 |
title_sort |
Analysis of Spinel Based Inclusions During the Last Stage of The Steelmaking Process of SAE 52100 |
author |
Pereira,Julio Aníbal Morales |
author_facet |
Pereira,Julio Aníbal Morales Rocha,Vinicius Cardoso da Alves,Pedro Cunha Bielefeldt,Wagner Viana Vilela,Antônio Cezar Faria |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Rocha,Vinicius Cardoso da Alves,Pedro Cunha Bielefeldt,Wagner Viana Vilela,Antônio Cezar Faria |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Pereira,Julio Aníbal Morales Rocha,Vinicius Cardoso da Alves,Pedro Cunha Bielefeldt,Wagner Viana Vilela,Antônio Cezar Faria |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
steelmaking bearing steels inclusions re-oxidation slags |
topic |
steelmaking bearing steels inclusions re-oxidation slags |
description |
Abstract Al2O3 (alumina) and MgO·Al2O3 (spinel) inclusions cause valve obstruction (clogging) in continuous casting and can deteriorate the quality of the final product. In this context, industrial heats of the bearing steel SAE 52100 was examined. Samples were collected in the final steps of the steelmaking process, both after vacuum treatment and during continuous casting. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with a energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and automated particle characterization analysis was used to characterize the inclusions present in the steel samples. Thermodynamic calculations were performed with the commercial software FactSageTM 7.2. Based on thermodynamic predictions, parameters such as solid fraction, liquid fraction, MgO saturation point of the slags, content of dissolved elements in steel (Al, Mg, Ca,...) and the construction of a phase stability diagram were determined. The results in this study showed a tendency for increase in MgO content in the inclusions with the decrease of %FeO and SiO2 contents in the slag, an increase of binary basicity (%CaO/%SiO2). It is verified that the MgO contents in the slag were close to the saturation, increasing the probability for the formation of inclusions rich in MgO and/or spinel. On the other hand, stability diagrams confirm the formation of spinel inclusions for each of the heats analyzed. During the final step of the steelmaking process, there is a tendency for re-oxidation, which is verified by an increase in the density of inclusions (or total oxygen TO values). |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2020-01-01 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-14392020000100229 |
url |
http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-14392020000100229 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2019-0558 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
text/html |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
ABM, ABC, ABPol |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
ABM, ABC, ABPol |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Materials Research v.23 n.1 2020 reponame:Materials research (São Carlos. Online) instname:Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR) instacron:ABM ABC ABPOL |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR) |
instacron_str |
ABM ABC ABPOL |
institution |
ABM ABC ABPOL |
reponame_str |
Materials research (São Carlos. Online) |
collection |
Materials research (São Carlos. Online) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Materials research (São Carlos. Online) - Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
dedz@power.ufscar.br |
_version_ |
1754212676929585152 |