The use of assistance dogs in the detection of hypoglycemic episodes in type 1 diabetes: a descriptive and comprehensive review
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2023 |
Outros Autores: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | International Journal of Nutrology (Online) |
Texto Completo: | https://ijn.zotarellifilhoscientificworks.com/index.php/ijn/article/view/318 |
Resumo: | Introduction: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a disease of autoimmune and polygenic origin, characterized by the destruction of the beta cells of the pancreatic islets and, consequently, the absence of insulin production. The treatment aims at imitating the physiological secretion of insulin in individuals without comorbidity, using insulin therapy. Hypoglycemia is defined as any event of abnormally low blood glucose, putting the person at potential risk. Tachycardia, tremors, pallor, cold sweating, lingual paresthesia, and blurred vision, possibly leading to coma, are its main signs and symptoms. The recognition of serious clinical conditions transmitted by both visual and olfactory signals can be understood and elaborated by the dog's cognitive system, allowing the rapid detection of a hypoglycemic episode and, thus, allowing adequate conduct before a serious episode. Objective: To analyze the advances, both in studies and in professional practices, in the use of assistance dogs to identify hypoglycemia in diabetics 1, as well as to seek to understand the consequences of unidentified and untreated hypoglycemia. Methods: The most relevant studies searched using the keywords "hypoglycemia AND diabetes", in addition to "diabetes alert dogs" in Google Scholar, were analyzed, with 4 corresponding to the objectives of the current research. Finally, pathology books and official documents from the Ministry of Health and the Brazilian Society of Diabetes were used to build a theoretical explanation. Results and Discussion: Dogs are conditioned to respond with specific alert behaviors, such as barking or licking, when levels of their owner's blood sugar levels are below the ideal range, as identified by the amount of isoprene released in the individual's breath. This attitude causes the patient to measure his plasma glucose level, helping him to carry out the appropriate measures to keep the levels back to normal. The hesitation of the occurrence of hypoglycemia causes some type 1 diabetic to contain their lifestyle to try to reduce the probability of the occurrence of a hypoglycemic episode, negatively affecting their quality of life and psychological well-being. In addition, they can intentionally maintain hyperglycemia to avoid a sudden drop in glucose, however, this practice results in late problems such as nephropathy, neuropathy, and cardiopathy. Conclusions: Hypoglycemia is one of the main threats for people with diabetes, as it results in severe symptoms that can lead to coma if not treated quickly. Possibly, dogs perceive plasma glycemic variations using, in addition to the olfactory apparatus, perceptions captured through other senses, mainly vision, but the scarcity of studies carried out with dogs trained to support people with diabetes problems, mainly in Brazil, makes the efficiency of these animals to detect alterations of glucose in the blood remains debatable. |
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The use of assistance dogs in the detection of hypoglycemic episodes in type 1 diabetes: a descriptive and comprehensive reviewType 1 diabetes mellitusWorking AnimalsHypoglycemiaIntroduction: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a disease of autoimmune and polygenic origin, characterized by the destruction of the beta cells of the pancreatic islets and, consequently, the absence of insulin production. The treatment aims at imitating the physiological secretion of insulin in individuals without comorbidity, using insulin therapy. Hypoglycemia is defined as any event of abnormally low blood glucose, putting the person at potential risk. Tachycardia, tremors, pallor, cold sweating, lingual paresthesia, and blurred vision, possibly leading to coma, are its main signs and symptoms. The recognition of serious clinical conditions transmitted by both visual and olfactory signals can be understood and elaborated by the dog's cognitive system, allowing the rapid detection of a hypoglycemic episode and, thus, allowing adequate conduct before a serious episode. Objective: To analyze the advances, both in studies and in professional practices, in the use of assistance dogs to identify hypoglycemia in diabetics 1, as well as to seek to understand the consequences of unidentified and untreated hypoglycemia. Methods: The most relevant studies searched using the keywords "hypoglycemia AND diabetes", in addition to "diabetes alert dogs" in Google Scholar, were analyzed, with 4 corresponding to the objectives of the current research. Finally, pathology books and official documents from the Ministry of Health and the Brazilian Society of Diabetes were used to build a theoretical explanation. Results and Discussion: Dogs are conditioned to respond with specific alert behaviors, such as barking or licking, when levels of their owner's blood sugar levels are below the ideal range, as identified by the amount of isoprene released in the individual's breath. This attitude causes the patient to measure his plasma glucose level, helping him to carry out the appropriate measures to keep the levels back to normal. The hesitation of the occurrence of hypoglycemia causes some type 1 diabetic to contain their lifestyle to try to reduce the probability of the occurrence of a hypoglycemic episode, negatively affecting their quality of life and psychological well-being. In addition, they can intentionally maintain hyperglycemia to avoid a sudden drop in glucose, however, this practice results in late problems such as nephropathy, neuropathy, and cardiopathy. Conclusions: Hypoglycemia is one of the main threats for people with diabetes, as it results in severe symptoms that can lead to coma if not treated quickly. Possibly, dogs perceive plasma glycemic variations using, in addition to the olfactory apparatus, perceptions captured through other senses, mainly vision, but the scarcity of studies carried out with dogs trained to support people with diabetes problems, mainly in Brazil, makes the efficiency of these animals to detect alterations of glucose in the blood remains debatable.MetaScience Press2023-07-13info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://ijn.zotarellifilhoscientificworks.com/index.php/ijn/article/view/31810.54448/ijn23235International Journal of Nutrology; Vol. 16 No. 2 (2023): International Journal of Nutrology (IJN) - March 20232595-28541984-301110.54448/ijn232reponame:International Journal of Nutrology (Online)instname:Associação Brasileira de Nutrologia (ABRAN)instacron:ABRANenghttps://ijn.zotarellifilhoscientificworks.com/index.php/ijn/article/view/318/300Copyright (c) 2023 Anna Luiza Alves Boldrin de Siqueira, Gisleide Tristão Franco de Alcântara, Julia Maria Mendes Peloi, Guilherme Eugênio Gil, Jesselina Francisco dos Santos Haberhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessSiqueira, Anna Luiza Alves Boldrin deAlcântara, Gisleide Tristão Franco dePeloi, Julia Maria MendesGil, Guilherme EugênioHaber, Jesselina Francisco dos Santos2023-07-13T20:20:17Zoai:ojs2.ijn.zotarellifilhoscientificworks.com:article/318Revistahttps://ijn.zotarellifilhoscientificworks.com/index.php/ijnONGhttps://ijn.zotarellifilhoscientificworks.com/index.php/ijn/oaiijn@zotarellifilhoscientificworks.com || editorchief@zotarellifilhoscientificworks.com10.544482595-28541984-3011opendoar:2023-07-13T20:20:17International Journal of Nutrology (Online) - Associação Brasileira de Nutrologia (ABRAN)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
The use of assistance dogs in the detection of hypoglycemic episodes in type 1 diabetes: a descriptive and comprehensive review |
title |
The use of assistance dogs in the detection of hypoglycemic episodes in type 1 diabetes: a descriptive and comprehensive review |
spellingShingle |
The use of assistance dogs in the detection of hypoglycemic episodes in type 1 diabetes: a descriptive and comprehensive review Siqueira, Anna Luiza Alves Boldrin de Type 1 diabetes mellitus Working Animals Hypoglycemia |
title_short |
The use of assistance dogs in the detection of hypoglycemic episodes in type 1 diabetes: a descriptive and comprehensive review |
title_full |
The use of assistance dogs in the detection of hypoglycemic episodes in type 1 diabetes: a descriptive and comprehensive review |
title_fullStr |
The use of assistance dogs in the detection of hypoglycemic episodes in type 1 diabetes: a descriptive and comprehensive review |
title_full_unstemmed |
The use of assistance dogs in the detection of hypoglycemic episodes in type 1 diabetes: a descriptive and comprehensive review |
title_sort |
The use of assistance dogs in the detection of hypoglycemic episodes in type 1 diabetes: a descriptive and comprehensive review |
author |
Siqueira, Anna Luiza Alves Boldrin de |
author_facet |
Siqueira, Anna Luiza Alves Boldrin de Alcântara, Gisleide Tristão Franco de Peloi, Julia Maria Mendes Gil, Guilherme Eugênio Haber, Jesselina Francisco dos Santos |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Alcântara, Gisleide Tristão Franco de Peloi, Julia Maria Mendes Gil, Guilherme Eugênio Haber, Jesselina Francisco dos Santos |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Siqueira, Anna Luiza Alves Boldrin de Alcântara, Gisleide Tristão Franco de Peloi, Julia Maria Mendes Gil, Guilherme Eugênio Haber, Jesselina Francisco dos Santos |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Type 1 diabetes mellitus Working Animals Hypoglycemia |
topic |
Type 1 diabetes mellitus Working Animals Hypoglycemia |
description |
Introduction: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a disease of autoimmune and polygenic origin, characterized by the destruction of the beta cells of the pancreatic islets and, consequently, the absence of insulin production. The treatment aims at imitating the physiological secretion of insulin in individuals without comorbidity, using insulin therapy. Hypoglycemia is defined as any event of abnormally low blood glucose, putting the person at potential risk. Tachycardia, tremors, pallor, cold sweating, lingual paresthesia, and blurred vision, possibly leading to coma, are its main signs and symptoms. The recognition of serious clinical conditions transmitted by both visual and olfactory signals can be understood and elaborated by the dog's cognitive system, allowing the rapid detection of a hypoglycemic episode and, thus, allowing adequate conduct before a serious episode. Objective: To analyze the advances, both in studies and in professional practices, in the use of assistance dogs to identify hypoglycemia in diabetics 1, as well as to seek to understand the consequences of unidentified and untreated hypoglycemia. Methods: The most relevant studies searched using the keywords "hypoglycemia AND diabetes", in addition to "diabetes alert dogs" in Google Scholar, were analyzed, with 4 corresponding to the objectives of the current research. Finally, pathology books and official documents from the Ministry of Health and the Brazilian Society of Diabetes were used to build a theoretical explanation. Results and Discussion: Dogs are conditioned to respond with specific alert behaviors, such as barking or licking, when levels of their owner's blood sugar levels are below the ideal range, as identified by the amount of isoprene released in the individual's breath. This attitude causes the patient to measure his plasma glucose level, helping him to carry out the appropriate measures to keep the levels back to normal. The hesitation of the occurrence of hypoglycemia causes some type 1 diabetic to contain their lifestyle to try to reduce the probability of the occurrence of a hypoglycemic episode, negatively affecting their quality of life and psychological well-being. In addition, they can intentionally maintain hyperglycemia to avoid a sudden drop in glucose, however, this practice results in late problems such as nephropathy, neuropathy, and cardiopathy. Conclusions: Hypoglycemia is one of the main threats for people with diabetes, as it results in severe symptoms that can lead to coma if not treated quickly. Possibly, dogs perceive plasma glycemic variations using, in addition to the olfactory apparatus, perceptions captured through other senses, mainly vision, but the scarcity of studies carried out with dogs trained to support people with diabetes problems, mainly in Brazil, makes the efficiency of these animals to detect alterations of glucose in the blood remains debatable. |
publishDate |
2023 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-07-13 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://ijn.zotarellifilhoscientificworks.com/index.php/ijn/article/view/318 10.54448/ijn23235 |
url |
https://ijn.zotarellifilhoscientificworks.com/index.php/ijn/article/view/318 |
identifier_str_mv |
10.54448/ijn23235 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://ijn.zotarellifilhoscientificworks.com/index.php/ijn/article/view/318/300 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
MetaScience Press |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
MetaScience Press |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
International Journal of Nutrology; Vol. 16 No. 2 (2023): International Journal of Nutrology (IJN) - March 2023 2595-2854 1984-3011 10.54448/ijn232 reponame:International Journal of Nutrology (Online) instname:Associação Brasileira de Nutrologia (ABRAN) instacron:ABRAN |
instname_str |
Associação Brasileira de Nutrologia (ABRAN) |
instacron_str |
ABRAN |
institution |
ABRAN |
reponame_str |
International Journal of Nutrology (Online) |
collection |
International Journal of Nutrology (Online) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
International Journal of Nutrology (Online) - Associação Brasileira de Nutrologia (ABRAN) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
ijn@zotarellifilhoscientificworks.com || editorchief@zotarellifilhoscientificworks.com |
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