Low molecular weight heparin is useful in adult COVID-19 inpatients. Experience during the first Spanish wave: observational study

• Autor(a) principal: Gonzalez-Porras,Jose Ramon
• Data de Publicação: 2022
• Outros Autores: Belhassen-Garcia,Moncef, Lopez-Bernus,Amparo, Vaquero-Roncero,Luis Mario, Rodriguez,Beatriz, Carbonell,Cristina, Azibeiro,Raul, Hernandez-Sanchez,Alberto, Martin-Gonzalez,Jose Ignacio, Manrique,Juan Miguel, Alonso-Claudio,Gloria, Alvarez-Navia,Felipe, Madruga-Martin,Jose Ignacio, Macias-Casanova,Ronald Paul, García-Criado,Jorge, Lozano,Francisco, Moyano,Jose Carlos, Sanchez-Hernandez,Miguel Vicente, Sagredo-Meneses,Víctor, Borras,Rafael, Bastida,Jose María, Hernández-Pérez,Guillermo, Chamorro,Antonio Javier, Marcos,Miguel, Martin-Oterino,Jose Angel
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: São Paulo medical journal (Online)
• Texto Completo: http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-31802022000100123
• topic: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Thrombosis; Pulmonary embolism; Coronavirus disease 2019; Coagulopathy; Bleeding

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The intensity of the thromboprophylaxis needed as a potential factor for preventing inpatient mortality due to coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between anticoagulation intensity and COVID-19 survival. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective observational study in a tertiary-level hospital in Spain. METHODS: Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) status was ascertained based on prescription at admission. To control for immortal time bias, anticoagulant use was analyzed as a time-dependent variable. RESULTS: 690 patients were included (median age, 72 years). LMWH was administered to 615 patients, starting from hospital admission (89.1%). 410 (66.7%) received prophylactic-dose LMWH; 120 (19.5%), therapeutic-dose LMWH; and another 85 (13.8%) who presented respiratory failure, high D-dimer levels (> 3 mg/l) and non-worsening of inflammation markers received prophylaxis of intermediate-dose LMWH. The overall inpatient-mortality rate was 38.5%. The anticoagulant nonuser group presented higher mortality risk than each of the following groups: any LMWH users (HR 2.1; 95% CI: 1.40-3.15); the prophylactic-dose heparin group (HR 2.39; 95% CI, 1.57-3.64); and the users of heparin dose according to biomarkers (HR 6.52; 95% CI, 2.95-14.41). 3.4% of the patients experienced major hemorrhage. 2.8% of the patients developed an episode of thromboembolism. CONCLUSIONS: This observational study showed that LMWH administered at the time of admission was associated with lower mortality among unselected adult COVID-19 inpatients. The magnitude of the benefit may have been greatest for the intermediate-dose subgroup. Randomized controlled trials to assess the benefit of heparin within different therapeutic regimes for COVID-19 patients are required.