COVID-19 x cardiovascular system: clinical evolution, risk factors and myocardial injury mechanism

• Autor(a) principal: Dorigo, Bianca Costalonga
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Outros Autores: Lins, Matheus Manoel Diogo, Silva, Felipe Dutra, Passos, Henrique Antonio Sayão, de Araujo, Bianca Caju, Guatimosim, Bruna Gonçalves, dos Santos, Marcella Lima Guimarães, Borges, Vivian Fernandes Alves
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Brazilian Journal of Health Review
• Texto Completo: https://ojs.brazilianjournals.com.br/ojs/index.php/BJHR/article/view/61967
• topic: SARS-CoV-2; cardiovascular system; infectious diseases; cardiovascular diseases

SARS-CoV-2 has driven the COVID-19 epidemic around the world, making it one of the most significant medical challenges of the last century. This infectious agent infects host cells by binding to ACE2 receptors (an enzyme present in several tissues, such as the heart, lung and kidneys) and can lead to pneumonia, acute myocardial damage and chronic damage to the cardiovascular system. Pre-existing conditions such as diabetes, hypertension and obesity are related to greater severity and a significant increase in the fatality rate of COVID-19. The exacerbated production of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α leads to systemic inflammation, which can directly affect the cardiovascular system. Acute myocardial infarction (increased risk), myocarditis, arrhythmias, venous thromboembolism and takotsubo cardiomyopathy are some of the most prevalent complications of the cardiovascular system described in patients with COVID-19.