Thymus, undernutrition, and infection: Approaching cellular and molecular interactions

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Savino, Wilson
Data de Publicação: 2022
Outros Autores: Durães, Jonathan, Maldonado-Galdeano, Carolina, Perdigon, Gabriela, Cruz, Daniella Arêas Mendes da, Cuervo, Patricia
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: eng
Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ (ARCA)
Texto Completo: https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/55614
Resumo: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Pesquisa sobre o Timo. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Neuroimunomodulação. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Rede de Pesquisa do Rio de Janeiro em Neuroinflamação. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
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spelling Savino, WilsonDurães, JonathanMaldonado-Galdeano, CarolinaPerdigon, GabrielaCruz, Daniella Arêas Mendes daCuervo, Patricia2022-11-13T14:21:57Z2022-11-13T14:21:57Z2022SAVINO, Wilson et al. Thymus, undernutrition, and infection: Approaching cellular and molecular interactions. Frontiers in Nutrition, v. 9, 948488, p. 1-20, Sept. 2022.2296-861Xhttps://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/5561410.3389/fnut.2022.948488engFrontiers MediaDesnutriçãoTimoDoenças infecciosasLeishmaniose visceralDoença de ChagasProbióticosUndernutritionThymusInfectious diseasesVisceral leishmaniasisChagas diseaseProbioticsThymus, undernutrition, and infection: Approaching cellular and molecular interactionsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Pesquisa sobre o Timo. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Neuroimunomodulação. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Rede de Pesquisa do Rio de Janeiro em Neuroinflamação. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Rede de Pesquisa do Rio de Janeiro em Neuroinflamação. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Pesquisa em Leishmaniose. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Laboratory of Immunology, Reference Center for Lactobacilli Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CERELA-CONICET), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina / Laboratory of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Pharmacy, National University of Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina.Laboratory of Immunology, Reference Center for Lactobacilli Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CERELA-CONICET), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina / Laboratory of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Pharmacy, National University of Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Pesquisa sobre o Timo. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Neuroimunomodulação. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Rede de Pesquisa do Rio de Janeiro em Neuroinflamação. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom.Rede de Pesquisa do Rio de Janeiro em Neuroinflamação. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Pesquisa em Leishmaniose. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Undernutrition remains a major issue in global health. Low proteinenergy consumption, results in stunting, wasting and/or underweight, three deleterious forms of malnutrition that affect roughly 200 million children under the age of five years. Undernutrition compromises the immune system with the generation of various degrees of immunodeficiency, which in turn, renders undernourished individuals more sensitive to acute infections. The severity of various infectious diseases including visceral leishmaniasis (VL), influenza, and tuberculosis is associated with undernutrition. Immunosuppression resulting from protein-energy undernutrition severely impacts primary and secondary lymphoid organs involved in the response to related pathogens. The thymus—a primary lymphoid organ responsible for the generation of T lymphocytes—is particularly compromised by both undernutrition and infectious diseases. In this respect, we will discuss herein various intrathymic cellular and molecular interactions seen in undernutrition alone or in combination with acute infections. Many examples illustrated in studies on humans and experimental animals clearly revealed that protein-related undernutrition causes thymic atrophy, with cortical thymocyte depletion. Moreover, the non-lymphoid microenvironmental compartment of the organ undergoes important changes in thymic epithelial cells, including their secretory products such as hormones and extracellular matrix proteins. Of note, deficiencies in vitamins and trace elements also induce thymic atrophy. Interestingly, among the molecular interactions involved in the control of undernutrition-induced thymic atrophy is a hormonal imbalance with a rise in glucocorticoids and a decrease in leptin serum levels. Undernutrition also yields a negative impact of acute infections upon the thymus, frequently with the intrathymic detection of pathogens or their antigens. For instance, undernourished mice infected with Leishmania infantum (that causes VL) undergo drastic thymic atrophy, with significant reduction in thymocyte numbers, and decreased levels of intrathymic chemokines and cytokines, indicating that both lymphoid and microenvironmental compartments of the organ are affected. Lastly, recent data revealed that some probiotic bacteria or probiotic fermented milks improve the thymus status in a model of malnutrition, thus raising a new field for investigation, namely the thymus-gut connection, indicating that probiotics can be envisioned as a further adjuvant therapy in the control of thymic changes in undernutrition accompanied or not by infection.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ (ARCA)instname:Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ)instacron:FIOCRUZLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-82991https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/bitstream/icict/55614/1/license.txt5a560609d32a3863062d77ff32785d58MD51ORIGINALWilsonsavino_DanielaCruz_etal_IOC_2022.pdfWilsonsavino_DanielaCruz_etal_IOC_2022.pdfapplication/pdf3217016https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/bitstream/icict/55614/2/Wilsonsavino_DanielaCruz_etal_IOC_2022.pdf1a8930b162e55034f11d4bd47cd25e62MD52icict/556142023-09-14 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dc.title.en_US.fl_str_mv Thymus, undernutrition, and infection: Approaching cellular and molecular interactions
title Thymus, undernutrition, and infection: Approaching cellular and molecular interactions
spellingShingle Thymus, undernutrition, and infection: Approaching cellular and molecular interactions
Savino, Wilson
Desnutrição
Timo
Doenças infecciosas
Leishmaniose visceral
Doença de Chagas
Probióticos
Undernutrition
Thymus
Infectious diseases
Visceral leishmaniasis
Chagas disease
Probiotics
title_short Thymus, undernutrition, and infection: Approaching cellular and molecular interactions
title_full Thymus, undernutrition, and infection: Approaching cellular and molecular interactions
title_fullStr Thymus, undernutrition, and infection: Approaching cellular and molecular interactions
title_full_unstemmed Thymus, undernutrition, and infection: Approaching cellular and molecular interactions
title_sort Thymus, undernutrition, and infection: Approaching cellular and molecular interactions
author Savino, Wilson
author_facet Savino, Wilson
Durães, Jonathan
Maldonado-Galdeano, Carolina
Perdigon, Gabriela
Cruz, Daniella Arêas Mendes da
Cuervo, Patricia
author_role author
author2 Durães, Jonathan
Maldonado-Galdeano, Carolina
Perdigon, Gabriela
Cruz, Daniella Arêas Mendes da
Cuervo, Patricia
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Savino, Wilson
Durães, Jonathan
Maldonado-Galdeano, Carolina
Perdigon, Gabriela
Cruz, Daniella Arêas Mendes da
Cuervo, Patricia
dc.subject.other.en_US.fl_str_mv Desnutrição
Timo
Doenças infecciosas
Leishmaniose visceral
Doença de Chagas
Probióticos
topic Desnutrição
Timo
Doenças infecciosas
Leishmaniose visceral
Doença de Chagas
Probióticos
Undernutrition
Thymus
Infectious diseases
Visceral leishmaniasis
Chagas disease
Probiotics
dc.subject.en.en_US.fl_str_mv Undernutrition
Thymus
Infectious diseases
Visceral leishmaniasis
Chagas disease
Probiotics
description Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Pesquisa sobre o Timo. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Neuroimunomodulação. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Rede de Pesquisa do Rio de Janeiro em Neuroinflamação. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2022-11-13T14:21:57Z
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv 2022-11-13T14:21:57Z
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2022
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv SAVINO, Wilson et al. Thymus, undernutrition, and infection: Approaching cellular and molecular interactions. Frontiers in Nutrition, v. 9, 948488, p. 1-20, Sept. 2022.
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/55614
dc.identifier.issn.en_US.fl_str_mv 2296-861X
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv 10.3389/fnut.2022.948488
identifier_str_mv SAVINO, Wilson et al. Thymus, undernutrition, and infection: Approaching cellular and molecular interactions. Frontiers in Nutrition, v. 9, 948488, p. 1-20, Sept. 2022.
2296-861X
10.3389/fnut.2022.948488
url https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/55614
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers Media
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers Media
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ (ARCA)
instname:Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ)
instacron:FIOCRUZ
instname_str Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ)
instacron_str FIOCRUZ
institution FIOCRUZ
reponame_str Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ (ARCA)
collection Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ (ARCA)
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/bitstream/icict/55614/1/license.txt
https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/bitstream/icict/55614/2/Wilsonsavino_DanielaCruz_etal_IOC_2022.pdf
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