A importância da oftalmoscopia direta para o diagnóstico precoce da hipertensão intracraniana

• Autor(a) principal: Holanda Neto, Marcelo Abdon de
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório do Centro Universitário Braz Cubas
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.cruzeirodosul.edu.br/handle/123456789/1376
• topic: Papiledema; Hipertensão Intracraniana; Oftalmoscopia; Fundoscopia; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::MEDICINA

Papilledema is an initially passive and painless swelling in the optical disc, often associated with increased intracranial pressure, which is combined with several causes. However, regardless of the aetiology, visual loss is the most dreadful morbidity of papilledema, and the main mechanism related to damage to the optic nerve is intraneuronal ischemia secondary to stasis of the axoplasmic flow. In this work, starting from the importance of describing and identifying papilledema early through direct ophthalmoscopy, the importance of teaching and of the mastery of the technique for medical graduation is pointed out, in addition to emphasizing or examining the fundus as an integral part of the medical examination. This work also presents the main methods of identifying papilledema and monitoring intracranial pressure. This is a literature review guided by the PRISMA recommendation. Technological advances will certainly replace direct ophthalmoscopy. However, it should be noted that this is still an important tool for the physician in the urgency and emergency environment.