Conhecimento das puérperas em relação ao parto humanizado e as vias de parto

• Autor(a) principal: Pauletti, Bruna Bialetzki
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Outros Autores: Rodrigues, Camila, Pierin, Heloisa Kugeratski, Ferreira, Maria Fernanda Queiróz, Garcia, Lucas Mori, Tapparo, Thais
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório do Centro Universitário Braz Cubas
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.cruzeirodosul.edu.br/handle/123456789/3867
• topic: Parto humanizado; Vias de parto; Puérperas; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::MEDICINA

Introduction: The abusive rates of cesarean delivery in Brazil have become an issue of concern among health authorities. The humanization of childbirth should respect the values, cultures, beliefs, and dignity of women. Objective: Evaluation the knowledge of postpartum women assisted in public services regarding humanized childbirth and birth routes. Materials and Methods: 369 puerperal women over 18 years of age at Hospital do Trabalhador from June 1, 2020 to June 1, 2021 who signed the Informed Consent Form were interviewed using 2 questionnaires with closed questions. One questionnaire referred to demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, information about pregnancy, and knowledge of humanization. The second questionnaire was adapted from A. NASIR; AMIR, 2017 and assessed knowledge about birth routes, attitude towards normal delivery and cesarean section. Quantitative variables were described using mean, median, minimum value, and maximum value. Qualitative variables were described using frequencies and percentages. Results: The average age of puerperae was 25.9 years, 62.3% self-reported to be white, 60.4% with monthly income between 2 and 5 minimum wages, 72.6% with education of more than eight years. 79.9% started prenatal care in the first trimester, and 84.8% had more than 6 consultations. 51.4% of them said that the prenatal care provider did not inform them about the types of birth, and 62.3% sought information independently. We found a 43.3% of cesarean deliveries, but 66.3% had a preference for normal delivery. 49.1% reported being afraid of a normal birth, pain being the main reason. 72% said they had heard of the term "humanized delivery", however, of these, 52.6% gave an inadequate definition. 48.2% had low knowledge about birth routes. 58.8% expressed a positive attitude towards vaginal delivery and 58.2% expressed a positive attitude towards cesarean sections. There was an association between previous knowledge about humanized childbirth and income (p=0.001), education (p<0.0001), number of prenatal visits (p=0.023), search for information about birth routes (p<0.0001) and childbirth preference (p=0.011). Regarding knowledge about birth routes, there was a correlation with income (p=0.044), education (p=0.003), search for information on birth routes (p=0.007) and attitude toward cesarean sections (p<0.0001). Knowledge about humanized childbirth among postpartum women who had heard about the term was correlated with knowledge about birth routes (p<0.0001). Conclusion: It was observed a low knowledge about birth routes and humanized delivery, influenced by socioeconomic and prenatal factors. Emphasis is placed on the need for quality prenatal care, with an appropriate transmission of knowledge and encouragement of humanized delivery, in order to promote a healthy birth for mother and baby.