Functional screening of a Caatinga goat (Capra hircus) rumen metagenomic library reveals a novel GH3 beta-xylosidase.

• Autor(a) principal: SOUTO, B. de M.
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Outros Autores: ARAÚJO, A. C. B. de, HAMANN, P. R. V., BASTOS, A. de R., CUNHA, I. de S., PEIXOTO, J., KRUGER, R. H., NORONHA, E. F., QUIRINO, B. F.
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da EMBRAPA (Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from EMBRAPA - Alice)
• Texto Completo: http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1129624; https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245118
• topic: Enzima; Clonagem; Programa de Computador; Peptídeo; Metagenomics; Enzymes; Cloning (animals); Signal peptide; Prevotella; Computer software; Screening

Functional screening of metagenomic libraries is an effective approach for identification of novel enzymes. A Caatinga biome goat rumen metagenomic library was screened using esculin as a substrate, and a gene from an unknown bacterium encoding a novel GH3 enzyme, BGL11, was identified. None of the BGL11 closely related genes have been previously characterized. Recombinant BGL11 was obtained and kinetically characterized. Substrate specificity of the purified protein was assessed using seven synthetic aryl substrates. Activity towards nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (pNPG), 4-nitrophenyl- beta -D-xylopyranoside (pNPX) and 4-nitrophenyl- beta -D-cellobioside (pNPC) suggested that BGL11 is a multifunctional enzyme with beta-glucosidase, beta-xylosidase, and cellobiohydrolase activities. However, further testing with five natural substrates revealed that, although BGL11 has multiple substrate specificity, it is most active towards xylobiose. Thus, in its native goat rumen environment, BGL11 most likely functions as an extracellular beta-xylosidase acting on hemicellulose. Biochemical characterization of BGL11 showed an optimal pH of 5.6, and an optimal temperature of 50°C. Enzyme stability, an important parameter for industrial application, was also investigated. At 40°C purified BGL11 remained active for more than 15 hours without reduction in activity, and at 50°C, after 7 hours of incubation, BGL11 remained 60% active. In contrast to BLG11, most beta-xylosidases kinetically studied belong to the GH43 family and have been characterized only using synthetic substrates. In industry, beta-xylosidases can be used for plant biomass deconstruction, and the released sugars can be fermented into valuable bio-products, ranging from the biofuel ethanol to the sugar substitute xylitol.