Broken noses for the gods: ritual battles in the Atacama Desert during the Tiwanaku period
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2006 |
Outros Autores: | |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz |
Texto Completo: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02762006001000020 |
Resumo: | The sample consists of 226 skulls from the Atacameño cemetery of Coyo Oriente (639-910 AD), associated with the Tiwanaku period. The authors analyzed signs of acute trauma typically associated with violence, and the results were 12% of men and 9.9% of women displaying any type of lesion related to violence. In males, concentration of these non-lethal lesions in the nasal region (10.4%) as opposed to a random distribution over the entire skull (1.6%), suggests that the blows were struck during rituals. The cultural context of this period, with a strong ideological influence from Tiwanaku, supports the ritual hypothesis, since both the ethnographic as well as archeological records point to the existence of non-lethal violent bleeding with ritual beating to the face. Such rituals persist to this day among certain Andean populations. Among women, the most plausible hypothesis for the lesions (3.9% in the skull, 4.9% in the nasal bones, and 0.9% in the face) is domestic conflicts, since they show a random distribution. Previous studies with other Atacameño samples had indicated the same results for women. |
id |
FIOCRUZ-4_6099551c07d88d3f825cc3760a44e364 |
---|---|
oai_identifier_str |
oai:scielo:S0074-02762006001000020 |
network_acronym_str |
FIOCRUZ-4 |
network_name_str |
Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz |
spelling |
Broken noses for the gods: ritual battles in the Atacama Desert during the Tiwanaku periodpalaeoepidemiologyacute traumanasal fracturesritual fightsCoyo OrienteTiwanakuSan Pedro de AtacamaThe sample consists of 226 skulls from the Atacameño cemetery of Coyo Oriente (639-910 AD), associated with the Tiwanaku period. The authors analyzed signs of acute trauma typically associated with violence, and the results were 12% of men and 9.9% of women displaying any type of lesion related to violence. In males, concentration of these non-lethal lesions in the nasal region (10.4%) as opposed to a random distribution over the entire skull (1.6%), suggests that the blows were struck during rituals. The cultural context of this period, with a strong ideological influence from Tiwanaku, supports the ritual hypothesis, since both the ethnographic as well as archeological records point to the existence of non-lethal violent bleeding with ritual beating to the face. Such rituals persist to this day among certain Andean populations. Among women, the most plausible hypothesis for the lesions (3.9% in the skull, 4.9% in the nasal bones, and 0.9% in the face) is domestic conflicts, since they show a random distribution. Previous studies with other Atacameño samples had indicated the same results for women.Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde2006-12-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontext/htmlhttp://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02762006001000020Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz v.101 suppl.2 2006reponame:Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruzinstname:Fundação Oswaldo Cruzinstacron:FIOCRUZ10.1590/S0074-02762006001000020info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessLessa,AndreaSouza,Sheila Maria Ferraz Mendonça deeng2020-04-25T17:49:46Zhttp://www.scielo.br/oai/scielo-oai.php0074-02761678-8060opendoar:null2020-04-26 02:14:26.507Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - Fundação Oswaldo Cruztrue |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Broken noses for the gods: ritual battles in the Atacama Desert during the Tiwanaku period |
title |
Broken noses for the gods: ritual battles in the Atacama Desert during the Tiwanaku period |
spellingShingle |
Broken noses for the gods: ritual battles in the Atacama Desert during the Tiwanaku period Lessa,Andrea palaeoepidemiology acute trauma nasal fractures ritual fights Coyo Oriente Tiwanaku San Pedro de Atacama |
title_short |
Broken noses for the gods: ritual battles in the Atacama Desert during the Tiwanaku period |
title_full |
Broken noses for the gods: ritual battles in the Atacama Desert during the Tiwanaku period |
title_fullStr |
Broken noses for the gods: ritual battles in the Atacama Desert during the Tiwanaku period |
title_full_unstemmed |
Broken noses for the gods: ritual battles in the Atacama Desert during the Tiwanaku period |
title_sort |
Broken noses for the gods: ritual battles in the Atacama Desert during the Tiwanaku period |
author |
Lessa,Andrea |
author_facet |
Lessa,Andrea Souza,Sheila Maria Ferraz Mendonça de |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Souza,Sheila Maria Ferraz Mendonça de |
author2_role |
author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Lessa,Andrea Souza,Sheila Maria Ferraz Mendonça de |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
palaeoepidemiology acute trauma nasal fractures ritual fights Coyo Oriente Tiwanaku San Pedro de Atacama |
topic |
palaeoepidemiology acute trauma nasal fractures ritual fights Coyo Oriente Tiwanaku San Pedro de Atacama |
dc.description.none.fl_txt_mv |
The sample consists of 226 skulls from the Atacameño cemetery of Coyo Oriente (639-910 AD), associated with the Tiwanaku period. The authors analyzed signs of acute trauma typically associated with violence, and the results were 12% of men and 9.9% of women displaying any type of lesion related to violence. In males, concentration of these non-lethal lesions in the nasal region (10.4%) as opposed to a random distribution over the entire skull (1.6%), suggests that the blows were struck during rituals. The cultural context of this period, with a strong ideological influence from Tiwanaku, supports the ritual hypothesis, since both the ethnographic as well as archeological records point to the existence of non-lethal violent bleeding with ritual beating to the face. Such rituals persist to this day among certain Andean populations. Among women, the most plausible hypothesis for the lesions (3.9% in the skull, 4.9% in the nasal bones, and 0.9% in the face) is domestic conflicts, since they show a random distribution. Previous studies with other Atacameño samples had indicated the same results for women. |
description |
The sample consists of 226 skulls from the Atacameño cemetery of Coyo Oriente (639-910 AD), associated with the Tiwanaku period. The authors analyzed signs of acute trauma typically associated with violence, and the results were 12% of men and 9.9% of women displaying any type of lesion related to violence. In males, concentration of these non-lethal lesions in the nasal region (10.4%) as opposed to a random distribution over the entire skull (1.6%), suggests that the blows were struck during rituals. The cultural context of this period, with a strong ideological influence from Tiwanaku, supports the ritual hypothesis, since both the ethnographic as well as archeological records point to the existence of non-lethal violent bleeding with ritual beating to the face. Such rituals persist to this day among certain Andean populations. Among women, the most plausible hypothesis for the lesions (3.9% in the skull, 4.9% in the nasal bones, and 0.9% in the face) is domestic conflicts, since they show a random distribution. Previous studies with other Atacameño samples had indicated the same results for women. |
publishDate |
2006 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2006-12-01 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02762006001000020 |
url |
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02762006001000020 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
10.1590/S0074-02762006001000020 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
text/html |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz v.101 suppl.2 2006 reponame:Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz instname:Fundação Oswaldo Cruz instacron:FIOCRUZ |
reponame_str |
Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz |
collection |
Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz |
instname_str |
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz |
instacron_str |
FIOCRUZ |
institution |
FIOCRUZ |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
_version_ |
1669937698483208192 |