Ketamine in acute pain management: an integrative review

• Autor(a) principal: Leocovick, Luã
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Outros Autores: Bubans, Amanda Battu, Bernardes, Laércio, Bohnen, Lilian Caroline, Zancanaro, Mayra
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Brazilian Journal of Implantology and Health Sciences
• Texto Completo: https://bjihs.emnuvens.com.br/bjihs/article/view/492
• topic: ketamina; dor aguda; revisão integrativa; ketamine; acute pain; integrative review; ketamina; dolor agudo; revisión integrativa

Ketamine's mechanism of action is to antagonize NMDA receptors (N-methyl-D-aspartate) with analgesic and sedative potential. Introduced in clinical practice about 30 years ago, acting as a monoanesthetic drug. In recent years indications for the use of ketamine have emerged, with discoveries of clinical placements including pain management and use in psychiatry. The main motivation for studying the use of ketamine stemmed from the possibility of making the drug an option in the treatment of pain, since the most used drugs, opioids, can cause complications and dependence. The objective is to analyze how the national and international scientific literature describes the use of ketamine in the management of acute pain. This is an integrative literature review with a qualitative approach, carried out according to the six steps recommended by Ganong. The bibliographic survey was carried out through an online search in the databases available in the Virtual Health Library (VHL), and in the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), PubMed and Embase databases. Based on Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS/MeSH), the descriptors in Portuguese ketamina and pain acute, and in English ketamine and acute pain, were used in the selected databases. For the results, the articles selected for this research were analyzed in full format, clinical trial type and grouped into categories "use of ketamine in the emergency", "use of ketamine in postoperative pain" and "use of ketamine in the various pathologies that present acute pain". For critical analysis and discussion, 15 articles composed the study results. It is concluded that Ketamine is an effective adjuvant, as it prolongs the duration of other drugs in the management of acute pain in emergencies, has potential for analgesia, reduction of doses and side effects of opioids, its perioperative use should be considered and its use in low doses presents promising perspectives in postoperative analgesia.