Sporotrichoid leishmaniasis: a cross-sectional clinical, epidemiological and laboratory study in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

• Autor(a) principal: Carvalho, Livia Martins Veloso de
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Outros Autores: Pimentel, Maria Inês Fernandes, Conceição-Silva, Fátima, Vasconcellos, Érica de Camargo Ferreira e, Valete-Rosalino, Cláudia Maria, Lyra, Marcelo Rosandiski, Salgueiro, Mariza de Matos, Saheki, Maurício Naoto, Madeira, Maria de Fátima, Mouta-Confort, Eliame, Antonio, Liliane de Fátima, Silva, Aline Fagundes da, Quintella, Leonardo Pereira, Bedoya-Pacheco, Sandro Javier, Schubach, Armando de Oliveira
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo
• Texto Completo: https://www.revistas.usp.br/rimtsp/article/view/133350
• topic: Sporotrichoid leishmaniasis; American tegumentary leishmaniasis; Cutaneous leishmaniasis; Sporotrichosis

Background Atypical presentations of cutaneous leishmaniasis include sporotrichoid leishmaniasis (SL), which is clinically described as a primary ulcer combined with lymphangitis and nodules and/or ulcerated lesions along its pathway. Aims To assess the differences between patients with sporotrichoid leishmaniasis and typical cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Methods From January 2004 to December 2010, 23 cases of SL (4.7%) were detected among 494 CL patients diagnosed at a reference center for the disease in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. These 23 cases were compared with the remaining 471 patients presenting CL. Results SL predominated in female patients (60.9%, p = 0.024), with older age (p = 0.032) and with lesions in upper limbs (52.2%, p = 0.028). CL affected more men (64.5%), at younger age, and with a higher number of lesions exclusively in lower limbs (34.8%). Conclusions Differences in clinical and epidemiological presentation were found between SL patients as compared to CL ones, in a region with a known predominance of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. The results are similar to the features of most of the sporotrichosis patients as described in literature, making the differential diagnosis between ATL and sporotrichosis more important in overlapping areas for both diseases, like in Rio de Janeiro State.