Evaluation of the Level of Anxiety, Depression and Motivation of Smokers Seeking Treatment for Smoking Cessation in the Federal District
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Data de Publicação: | 2011 |
Outros Autores: | |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | por eng |
Título da fonte: | Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia (Online) |
Texto Completo: | https://rbc.inca.gov.br/index.php/revista/article/view/669 |
Resumo: | Introduction: Anxiety, depression and low motivation can interfere with successful treatment of smoking. Objective: To evaluate the level of anxiety, depression and motivation of smokers enrolled in cessation programs in the Federal District. Method: A cross-sectional study involving 1,233 smokers enrolled at 19 Reference Centers. Instruments: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, motivation (Richmond test), and forms with social and demographic data. For data analysis, where appropriate, the Student t test, chi-square and Spearman correlation were used. Results: Women had higher level of anxiety (p<0.01), depression (p<0.01), and motivation (p<0.01) for smoking cessation when compared with men. There was no difference between motivation and socio-demographic variables (p>0.05). Low income and low education levels were associated with anxiety (p<0.01 and p<0.03) and depression (p<0.01 and p<0.04) levels. Age of smoking initiation was associated with level of depression, the younger the onset of smoking, the greater likelihood of depression (p<0.02). There was no correlation between number of cigarettes per day and level of motivation to quit smoking, and levels of anxiety and depression. The motivation was not associated with anxiety and depression. Conclusion: There was association regarding levels of anxiety, depression and smoking. About 30% of smokers presented likely levels of anxiety and depression, among those 50% had high motivation to quit smoking, especially women. Those results indicate the importance of assessing these symptoms and motivation at the beginning of treatment to raise the rates of cessation. |
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Evaluation of the Level of Anxiety, Depression and Motivation of Smokers Seeking Treatment for Smoking Cessation in the Federal DistrictEvaluación del Grado de la Ansiedad, de la Depresión y de la Motivación de los Fumadores que Solicitan Tratamiento para Dejar de Fumar en el Distrito FederalAvaliação do Grau de Ansiedade, Depressão e Motivação dos Fumantes que Procuraram Tratamento para Deixar de Fumar no Distrito FederalAbandono do Uso de TabacoAnsiedadeDepressãoMotivaçãoTobacco Use CessationAnxietyDepressionMotivationCese del Uso de TabacoAnsiedadDepresiónMotivaciónIntroduction: Anxiety, depression and low motivation can interfere with successful treatment of smoking. Objective: To evaluate the level of anxiety, depression and motivation of smokers enrolled in cessation programs in the Federal District. Method: A cross-sectional study involving 1,233 smokers enrolled at 19 Reference Centers. Instruments: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, motivation (Richmond test), and forms with social and demographic data. For data analysis, where appropriate, the Student t test, chi-square and Spearman correlation were used. Results: Women had higher level of anxiety (p<0.01), depression (p<0.01), and motivation (p<0.01) for smoking cessation when compared with men. There was no difference between motivation and socio-demographic variables (p>0.05). Low income and low education levels were associated with anxiety (p<0.01 and p<0.03) and depression (p<0.01 and p<0.04) levels. Age of smoking initiation was associated with level of depression, the younger the onset of smoking, the greater likelihood of depression (p<0.02). There was no correlation between number of cigarettes per day and level of motivation to quit smoking, and levels of anxiety and depression. The motivation was not associated with anxiety and depression. Conclusion: There was association regarding levels of anxiety, depression and smoking. About 30% of smokers presented likely levels of anxiety and depression, among those 50% had high motivation to quit smoking, especially women. Those results indicate the importance of assessing these symptoms and motivation at the beginning of treatment to raise the rates of cessation. Introducción: La ansiedad, la depresión y la baja motivación pueden interferir con el éxito del tratamiento del tabaquismo. Objetivo: Evaluar el grado de la ansiedad, la depresión y la motivación de los fumadores atendidos en el Distrito Federal. Método: Estudio transversal que incluyó a 1.233 fumadores atendidos en 19 Centros de Referencia. Instrumentos utilizados: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, test de motivación de Richmond y cuestionario de datos socio-demográficos. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó, en prueba de su caso, el test de t de student, chicuadrado y correlación de Spearman. Resultados: Las mujeres tuvieron una mayor ansiedad (p<0,01), depresión (p<0,01), y un mayor grado de motivación (p<0,01) para dejar de fumar en comparación con los hombres. No hubo diferencias entre la correlación de la motivación y las variables socio-demográficas (p>0,05). Bajos niveles de educación y de ingresos bajos se asociaron con la ansiedad (p<0,01 y p<0,03) y depresión (p <0,01y p<0,04). La edad de inicio del consumo del tabaco se asoció con el nivel de depresión, cuánto más joven es el inicio del acto de fumar, mayor el riesgo de depresión (p<0,02). No hubo correlación entre el número de cigarrillos por día y el nivel de motivación para dejar de fumar, con niveles de ansiedad y depresión. La motivación no se asoció con la ansiedad y la depresión. Conclusión: En este estudio hubo una asociación entre los niveles de ansiedad, la depresión y el tabaquismo. Alrededor del 30% de los fumadores tenían probables niveles más altos de ansiedad y depresión, de los cuales 50% tenían una alta motivación para dejar de fumar, especialmente las mujeres. Estos resultados destacan la importancia de evaluar síntomas de depresión/ansiedad y la motivación en el inicio del tratamiento para elevar las tasas de cesación.Introdução: Ansiedade, depressão e baixa motivação podem interferir no sucesso do tratamento do tabagismo. Objetivo: Avaliar o grau de ansiedade, depressão e motivação dos fumantes atendidos no Distrito Federal. Método: Estudo transversal, envolvendo 1.233 fumantes atendidos em 19 Centros de Referência. Instrumentos utilizados: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, teste de motivação de Richmond e ficha com dados sociodemográficos. Para análise dos dados, foi utilizado, quando pertinente, teste t de Student, qui-quadrado e correlação de Spearman. Resultados: Mulheres apresentaram maiores graus de ansiedade (p<0,01), depressão (p<0,01), e de motivação (p<0,01) para deixar de fumar, quando comparadas com os homens. Não houve diferença entre motivação e as variáveis sociodemográficas (p>0,05). Baixa renda e baixa escolaridade foram associadas aos níveis de ansiedade (p<0,01 e p<0,03) e depressão (p<0,01 e p<0,04). Idade de início do tabagismo foi associada ao nível de depressão; quanto mais jovem o início do tabagismo, maior probabilidade de depressão (p<0,02). Não houve correlação entre número de cigarros/dia e grau de motivação para deixar de fumar, com níveis de ansiedade e depressão. A motivação não foi associada aos níveis de ansiedade e depressão. Conclusão: Houve associação entre os níveis de ansiedade, depressão e tabagismo. Cerca de 30% dos fumantes apresentaram níveis prováveis de ansiedade e depressão; destes, 50% tinham motivação elevada para deixar de fumar, principalmente as mulheres. Esses achados apontam para a importância da avaliação desses sintomas e da motivação, no início do tratamento, para elevar as taxas de cessação. INCA2011-09-30info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionArtigos, Avaliado pelos paresapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttps://rbc.inca.gov.br/index.php/revista/article/view/66910.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2011v57n3.669Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia; Vol. 57 No. 3 (2011): July/Aug./Sept.; 345-353Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia; Vol. 57 Núm. 3 (2011): jul./ago./sept.; 345-353Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia; v. 57 n. 3 (2011): jul./ago./set.; 345-3532176-9745reponame:Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia (Online)instname:Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA)instacron:INCAporenghttps://rbc.inca.gov.br/index.php/revista/article/view/669/444https://rbc.inca.gov.br/index.php/revista/article/view/669/838Lima, Maria Suélita de Viegas, Carlos Alberto de Assis info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2021-11-29T20:16:23Zoai:rbc.inca.gov.br:article/669Revistahttps://rbc.inca.gov.br/index.php/revistaPUBhttps://rbc.inca.gov.br/index.php/revista/oairbc@inca.gov.br0034-71162176-9745opendoar:2021-11-29T20:16:23Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia (Online) - Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Evaluation of the Level of Anxiety, Depression and Motivation of Smokers Seeking Treatment for Smoking Cessation in the Federal District Evaluación del Grado de la Ansiedad, de la Depresión y de la Motivación de los Fumadores que Solicitan Tratamiento para Dejar de Fumar en el Distrito Federal Avaliação do Grau de Ansiedade, Depressão e Motivação dos Fumantes que Procuraram Tratamento para Deixar de Fumar no Distrito Federal |
title |
Evaluation of the Level of Anxiety, Depression and Motivation of Smokers Seeking Treatment for Smoking Cessation in the Federal District |
spellingShingle |
Evaluation of the Level of Anxiety, Depression and Motivation of Smokers Seeking Treatment for Smoking Cessation in the Federal District Lima, Maria Suélita de Abandono do Uso de Tabaco Ansiedade Depressão Motivação Tobacco Use Cessation Anxiety Depression Motivation Cese del Uso de Tabaco Ansiedad Depresión Motivación |
title_short |
Evaluation of the Level of Anxiety, Depression and Motivation of Smokers Seeking Treatment for Smoking Cessation in the Federal District |
title_full |
Evaluation of the Level of Anxiety, Depression and Motivation of Smokers Seeking Treatment for Smoking Cessation in the Federal District |
title_fullStr |
Evaluation of the Level of Anxiety, Depression and Motivation of Smokers Seeking Treatment for Smoking Cessation in the Federal District |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evaluation of the Level of Anxiety, Depression and Motivation of Smokers Seeking Treatment for Smoking Cessation in the Federal District |
title_sort |
Evaluation of the Level of Anxiety, Depression and Motivation of Smokers Seeking Treatment for Smoking Cessation in the Federal District |
author |
Lima, Maria Suélita de |
author_facet |
Lima, Maria Suélita de Viegas, Carlos Alberto de Assis |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Viegas, Carlos Alberto de Assis |
author2_role |
author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Lima, Maria Suélita de Viegas, Carlos Alberto de Assis |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Abandono do Uso de Tabaco Ansiedade Depressão Motivação Tobacco Use Cessation Anxiety Depression Motivation Cese del Uso de Tabaco Ansiedad Depresión Motivación |
topic |
Abandono do Uso de Tabaco Ansiedade Depressão Motivação Tobacco Use Cessation Anxiety Depression Motivation Cese del Uso de Tabaco Ansiedad Depresión Motivación |
description |
Introduction: Anxiety, depression and low motivation can interfere with successful treatment of smoking. Objective: To evaluate the level of anxiety, depression and motivation of smokers enrolled in cessation programs in the Federal District. Method: A cross-sectional study involving 1,233 smokers enrolled at 19 Reference Centers. Instruments: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, motivation (Richmond test), and forms with social and demographic data. For data analysis, where appropriate, the Student t test, chi-square and Spearman correlation were used. Results: Women had higher level of anxiety (p<0.01), depression (p<0.01), and motivation (p<0.01) for smoking cessation when compared with men. There was no difference between motivation and socio-demographic variables (p>0.05). Low income and low education levels were associated with anxiety (p<0.01 and p<0.03) and depression (p<0.01 and p<0.04) levels. Age of smoking initiation was associated with level of depression, the younger the onset of smoking, the greater likelihood of depression (p<0.02). There was no correlation between number of cigarettes per day and level of motivation to quit smoking, and levels of anxiety and depression. The motivation was not associated with anxiety and depression. Conclusion: There was association regarding levels of anxiety, depression and smoking. About 30% of smokers presented likely levels of anxiety and depression, among those 50% had high motivation to quit smoking, especially women. Those results indicate the importance of assessing these symptoms and motivation at the beginning of treatment to raise the rates of cessation. |
publishDate |
2011 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2011-09-30 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artigos, Avaliado pelos pares |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://rbc.inca.gov.br/index.php/revista/article/view/669 10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2011v57n3.669 |
url |
https://rbc.inca.gov.br/index.php/revista/article/view/669 |
identifier_str_mv |
10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2011v57n3.669 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por eng |
language |
por eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://rbc.inca.gov.br/index.php/revista/article/view/669/444 https://rbc.inca.gov.br/index.php/revista/article/view/669/838 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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openAccess |
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application/pdf application/pdf |
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INCA |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
INCA |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia; Vol. 57 No. 3 (2011): July/Aug./Sept.; 345-353 Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia; Vol. 57 Núm. 3 (2011): jul./ago./sept.; 345-353 Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia; v. 57 n. 3 (2011): jul./ago./set.; 345-353 2176-9745 reponame:Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia (Online) instname:Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA) instacron:INCA |
instname_str |
Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA) |
instacron_str |
INCA |
institution |
INCA |
reponame_str |
Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia (Online) |
collection |
Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia (Online) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia (Online) - Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
rbc@inca.gov.br |
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1797042245280464896 |